tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-62979019464873156822024-03-20T19:50:19.688-07:00Berbagi PengetahuanKnowledge sharing atau berbagi pengetahuan pada blog ini diharapkan dapat menambah pengetahuan setidak-tidaknya mengingat kembali ilmu yang ada, Bagi agan-agan yang berpartisipasi dalam memberikan komentar, saya ucapkan terima kasih atau Matur nuwun alias Hatur nuhun kata lain Thank you...(tapi jangan lupa Komentarnya)benhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08280500851980226983noreply@blogger.comBlogger19125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6297901946487315682.post-44575913186961100362016-04-07T21:25:00.000-07:002016-04-07T21:32:42.907-07:00Tentang Bootstrap<h1 itemprop="headline">
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEghGimLXHRK67z6Zac4_If7ix02FjGKqXQLgGLksMtmBqxmCkeGkp9uZTAIaiTnUklBsf8etGLIigvLHOKrZWwPhjidTrokjbEgOFX_lTFpB8Ou4TzHdh904mxG3DLt62C7896LJiV05I8/s1600/logo_bootstrap.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="266" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEghGimLXHRK67z6Zac4_If7ix02FjGKqXQLgGLksMtmBqxmCkeGkp9uZTAIaiTnUklBsf8etGLIigvLHOKrZWwPhjidTrokjbEgOFX_lTFpB8Ou4TzHdh904mxG3DLt62C7896LJiV05I8/s640/logo_bootstrap.jpg" width="640" /></a></div>
</h1>
<h1 itemprop="headline">
Apa Itu Bootstrap? Bagaimana Menggunakan Bootstrap? </h1>
<h1 itemprop="headline" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: small;"> <a name='more'></a></span></h1>
<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<o:OfficeDocumentSettings>
<o:AllowPNG/>
</o:OfficeDocumentSettings>
</xml><![endif]-->
<br />
<h3 style="line-height: normal; margin-top: 0cm;">
<span style="color: #fff2cc;">Apa Itu Bootstrap?<span style="font-size: 13.5pt;"></span></span></h3>
<span style="color: #fff2cc;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" itemprop="articleSection" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #fff2cc;"><dfn><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-style: normal;">
</span></dfn><dfn><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal;">Bootstrap
merupakan sebuah framework CSS dari twitter, yang menyediakan kumpulan
komponen-komponen antarmuka dasar pada web yang telah dirancang sedemikian rupa
untuk digunakan bersama-sama. Selain komponen antarmuka, Bootstrap juga
menyediakan sarana untuk membangun layout halaman dengan mudah dan rapi, serta
modifikasi pada tampilan dasar HTML untuk membuat seluruh halaman web yang
dikembangkan senada dengan komponen-komponen lainnya.</span></dfn><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;"></span></span></div>
<span style="color: #fff2cc;">
</span><br />
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #fff2cc;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">Mengutip
<a href="https://dev.twitter.com/blog/bootstrap-twitter">pengembang yang menciptakan Bootstrap</a>,
Bootstrap dibuat untuk memberikan sekumpulan perangkat yang dapat digunakan
untuk membangun website sederhana dengan mudah.</span></span></div>
<span style="color: #fff2cc;">
</span><br />
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<span style="color: #fff2cc;">
</span><br />
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #fff2cc;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">Bootstrap is a very simple way to promote
quick, clean and highly usable applications, providing a clean and uniform
solution to the most common, everyday interface tasks developers come across</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">. <a href="https://twitter.com/mdo">Mark
Otto</a></span></span></div>
<span style="color: #fff2cc;">
</span><br />
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<span style="color: #fff2cc;">
</span><br />
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #fff2cc;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">
Lisensi yang digunakan oleh Bootstrap yaitu lisensi <a href="http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0.html">Apache 2.0</a>, sebuah lisensi yang sangat terbuka
sehingga kita dapat dengan bebas dan mudah menggunakan Bootstrap, tanpa perlu
khawatir akan ancaman legal dari Twitter atau pihak lainnya.</span></span></div>
<span style="color: #fff2cc;">
</span><br />
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;">
<br /></div>
<span style="color: #fff2cc;">
</span><br />
<h3 style="line-height: normal; margin-top: 0cm;">
<span style="color: #fff2cc;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">Untuk Apa itu bootstrap?</span></span></h3>
<span style="color: #fff2cc;">
</span><br />
<div class="lead" itemprop="articleSection" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #fff2cc;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><a href="http://getbootstrap.com/" target="_blank"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Bootstrap</i> </a>dengan
segala kelengkapannya yang dibutuhkan pada masalah design baik itu menggunakan
css maupun javascript, sudah disajikan begitu mudah, menarik dan tentunya mampu
menyelesaikan design secara cepat. Tampilan yang juga responsive pada banyak
platform, tetap rapi baik pada tampilan versi desktop maupun pada versi mobile.</span><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"></span></span></div>
<span style="color: #fff2cc;">
</span><br />
<div class="lead" itemprop="articleSection" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<span style="color: #fff2cc;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" itemprop="articleSection" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #fff2cc;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Penggunaan
bootstrap sudah sampai pada design front-end web, dan itu masih akan terus
berkembang sampai sekarang. Dengan penggunaan yang terbilang mudah, kita hanya
memanggil CSS atau pun Javascript yang sudah disediakan kemudian menuliskannya
pada koding kita dengan disesuaikannya class-class yang dibutuhkan. Kalau masih
penasaran bisa download <a href="http://adf.ly/1GhX8Q" target="_blank">disini </a>untuk bootstrapnya.
Dan juga <a href="http://adf.ly/1Gh1pa" target="_blank">disini </a>untuk download bootstrap offline
guide.</span></span></div>
<span style="color: #fff2cc;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<span style="color: #fff2cc;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #fff2cc;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Pada bootstrap terdapat struktur file seperti
gambar dibawah.</span></span></div>
<span style="color: #fff2cc;">
</span><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<w:WordDocument>
<w:View>Normal</w:View>
<w:Zoom>0</w:Zoom>
<w:TrackMoves/>
<w:TrackFormatting/>
<w:PunctuationKerning/>
<w:ValidateAgainstSchemas/>
<w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>false</w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>
<w:IgnoreMixedContent>false</w:IgnoreMixedContent>
<w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>false</w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>
<w:DoNotPromoteQF/>
<w:LidThemeOther>EN-US</w:LidThemeOther>
<w:LidThemeAsian>X-NONE</w:LidThemeAsian>
<w:LidThemeComplexScript>X-NONE</w:LidThemeComplexScript>
<w:Compatibility>
<w:BreakWrappedTables/>
<w:SnapToGridInCell/>
<w:WrapTextWithPunct/>
<w:UseAsianBreakRules/>
<w:DontGrowAutofit/>
<w:SplitPgBreakAndParaMark/>
<w:EnableOpenTypeKerning/>
<w:DontFlipMirrorIndents/>
<w:OverrideTableStyleHps/>
</w:Compatibility>
<m:mathPr>
<m:mathFont m:val="Cambria Math"/>
<m:brkBin m:val="before"/>
<m:brkBinSub m:val="--"/>
<m:smallFrac m:val="off"/>
<m:dispDef/>
<m:lMargin m:val="0"/>
<m:rMargin m:val="0"/>
<m:defJc m:val="centerGroup"/>
<m:wrapIndent m:val="1440"/>
<m:intLim m:val="subSup"/>
<m:naryLim m:val="undOvr"/>
</m:mathPr></w:WordDocument>
</xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<w:LatentStyles DefLockedState="false" DefUnhideWhenUsed="false"
DefSemiHidden="false" DefQFormat="false" DefPriority="99"
LatentStyleCount="371">
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="0" QFormat="true" Name="Normal"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="10" QFormat="true" Name="Title"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="Default Paragraph Font"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text Indent"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="19" QFormat="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="21" QFormat="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="31" QFormat="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="32" QFormat="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="List Table 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="List Table 3 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="List Table 4 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="List Table 5 Dark Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="List Table 6 Colorful Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="List Table 7 Colorful Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="List Table 1 Light Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="List Table 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="List Table 3 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="List Table 4 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="List Table 5 Dark Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="List Table 6 Colorful Accent 6"/>
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</w:LatentStyles>
</xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 10]>
<style>
/* Style Definitions */
table.MsoNormalTable
{mso-style-name:"Table Normal";
mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0;
mso-tstyle-colband-size:0;
mso-style-noshow:yes;
mso-style-priority:99;
mso-style-parent:"";
mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;
mso-para-margin-top:0cm;
mso-para-margin-right:0cm;
mso-para-margin-bottom:8.0pt;
mso-para-margin-left:0cm;
line-height:107%;
mso-pagination:widow-orphan;
font-size:11.0pt;
font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;
mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;
mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;
mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;}
</style>
<![endif]--><br />
<div class="lead" itemprop="articleSection" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<span style="color: #fff2cc;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi8HW1b6XI2NxwuxlAC-GYO6uaO3yhUAlFRgHRPVOBj11pvRFn1i2uSNagxHyXG_fsrk_I3v_Uw7-Z4p1GporGnZNaeJQgKujIaa60Q0lQLwlndccWu5IqK6Sn234bqaJOH2L8XDk87s9c/s1600/struktur+bootstrap.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi8HW1b6XI2NxwuxlAC-GYO6uaO3yhUAlFRgHRPVOBj11pvRFn1i2uSNagxHyXG_fsrk_I3v_Uw7-Z4p1GporGnZNaeJQgKujIaa60Q0lQLwlndccWu5IqK6Sn234bqaJOH2L8XDk87s9c/s1600/struktur+bootstrap.png" /></a></span></div>
<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<o:OfficeDocumentSettings>
<o:AllowPNG/>
</o:OfficeDocumentSettings>
</xml><![endif]--><span style="color: #fff2cc;">
</span><br />
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: center;">
<span style="color: #fff2cc;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Gambar-1. Struktur
Bootstrap</span></span></div>
<span style="color: #fff2cc;">
</span><br />
<div class="lead" itemprop="articleSection" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<span style="color: #fff2cc;">
</span><br />
<div class="lead" itemprop="articleSection" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #fff2cc;">Bagaimana
Menggunakan Bootstrap?<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"> </span></span></div>
<span style="color: #fff2cc;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" itemprop="articleSection" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #fff2cc;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Untuk
memulai menggunakan Bootstrap, Anda harus mempersiapkan bahan dan tools
pendukung untuk melengkapi kegiatan belajar tersebut. Langkah-langkah
yang dibutuhkan untuk menggunakan Bootstrap pada website yang akan kita
kembangkan sangatlah sederhana. Sederhananya, penggunaan Bootstrap dapat
dicapai dengan tiga langkah singkat, yaitu:</span><span style="font-size: 12pt;"> </span></span></div>
<span style="color: #fff2cc;">
</span><br />
<ol start="1" style="margin-top: 0cm;" type="1">
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #fff2cc;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Download Bootstrap pada <a href="http://twitter.github.io/bootstrap/assets/bootstrap.zip">website resminya</a>.</span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt;"></span></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #fff2cc;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Lakukan ekstraksi file <code><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; mso-ansi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">zip</span></code> hasil download, dan</span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt;"></span></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #fff2cc;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">masukkan CSS Bootstrap pada file
HTML anda.</span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt;"></span></span></li>
</ol>
<span style="color: #fff2cc;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #fff2cc;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Sangat sederhana, dan begitu selesai
memasukkan Bootstrap pada file HTML, anda akan dapat melihat perubahan pada
elemen-elemen HTML yang ada, <i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">tanpa
harus melakukan apapun</span></i>. Penasaran? Mari kita lihat langkah detil
untuk menggunakan boostrap pada sebuah HTML sederhana.</span><span style="font-size: 12pt;"></span></span></div>
<span style="color: #fff2cc;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<span style="color: #fff2cc;">
</span><br />
<ol start="1" style="margin-top: 0cm;" type="1">
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #fff2cc;"><b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Anda Harus
memiliki file distribusi Bootstrap</span></b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> </span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt;"></span></span></li>
</ol>
<span style="color: #fff2cc;">
</span><br />
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #fff2cc;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">Untuk menggunakan bootstrap, terlebih dahulu
Anda harus mendownload resource file atau file distribusi yang disediakan oleh
bootstrap di situs resminya <a href="http://getbootstrap.com/" target="_blank">getbootstrap.com</a>. Pada
halaman tersebut, terdapat tombol Download Bootstrap sebagaimana terlihat pada
gambar diatas, langsung saja! klik tombol tersebut. Kemudian pilih lagi <b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">Download Bootstrap</span></b> </span></span></div>
<span style="color: #fff2cc;">
</span><br />
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #fff2cc;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">Setelah didownload, kemudian extract
menggunakan program seperti <a href="http://www.7-zip.org/" target="_blank">7zip (Gratis)</a> atau <i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">winRAR (shareware)</span></i>.
Sebetulnya, Anda juga bisa membuka file tersebut dengan aplikasi bawaan windows
dengan cara membuka file tersebut, kemudian copy seluruh file dan paste-kan ke
folder lain.</span></span></div>
<span style="color: #fff2cc;">
</span><br />
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<span style="color: #fff2cc;">
</span><br />
<ol start="2" style="margin-top: 0cm;" type="1">
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #fff2cc;"><b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Download jQuery
Library Untuk Bekerja Offline</span></b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> </span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt;"></span></span></li>
</ol>
<span style="color: #fff2cc;">
</span><br />
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #fff2cc;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">Untuk bisa mengaplikasikan bootstrap
component seperti modal dialog, navigation bar dan lainnya yang membutuhkan
boostrap JS, Bootstrap JS juga membutuhkan jQuery library agar bisa berjalan
normal. Bootstrap tidak menyertakan jQuery di dalam file download-nya untuk
itu, kita harus mendownloadnya secara terpisah. Hal ini dilakukan agar kita
bisa bekerja dan menggunakannya secara offline (tanpa koneksi internet).
Silahkan download jQuery library dengan menuju situs resmi <a href="http://jquery.com/download/" target="blank">jQuery Download</a>, pilih <b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">jQuery 1.x</span></b> kemudian,
download dengan mengklik link <b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">Download
the compressed, production jQuery 1.12.0</span></b> </span></span></div>
<span style="color: #fff2cc;">
</span><br />
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<span style="color: #fff2cc;">
</span><br />
<ol start="3" style="margin-top: 0cm;" type="1">
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #fff2cc;"><b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Anda harus
memiliki code editor.</span></b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> </span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt;"></span></span></li>
</ol>
<span style="color: #fff2cc;">
</span><br />
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #fff2cc;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">Code editor penting sekali untuk memanipulasi
file yang akan kita kembangkan khususnya file HTML, CSS dan Javascript
sebagaimana file tersebut terdapat pada bootstrap. Anda juga bisa menggunakan <a href="http://dul.web.id/editor/dul-editor.php" title="dul Editor - Online editor">Code Editor</a> dari kami yang dibuat untuk tes atau uji coba
kode. Jangan pernah menggunakan Word processor (Microsoft Word, dll) ataupun
notepad untuk memanipulasi file-file tersebut. Karena aplikasi tersebut tidak
cocok dan terdapat banyak kekurangan yang akan membingungkan kita sendiri
nantinya.</span></span></div>
<span style="color: #fff2cc;">
</span><br />
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #fff2cc;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">Ada banyak sekali code editor yang tersebar
di internet yang dapat kita gunakan baik yang gratis maupun yang berbayar.
Sebagai pemula, mungkin kita bisa memulai dengan menggunakan Notepad++.
Aplikasi ini gratis dan banyak digunakan oleh developer. Download aplikasi <a href="http://notepad-plus-plus.org/" target="blank">Notepad++</a> </span></span></div>
<span style="color: #fff2cc;">
</span><br />
<div class="lead" itemprop="articleSection" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<span style="color: #fff2cc;">
</span><br />
<div itemprop="articleSection" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #fff2cc;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">Setelah semua dipersiapkan saatnya memulai
untuk belajar bootstrap. Baik, ikuti tahap-tahapnya berikut ini: </span></span></div>
<span style="color: #fff2cc;">
</span><br />
<ol start="1" style="margin-top: 0cm;" type="1">
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #fff2cc;"><b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Buat Folder Baru</span></b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> </span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt;"></span></span></li>
</ol>
<span style="color: #fff2cc;">
</span><br />
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #fff2cc;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">Buatlah folder baru, beri nama misalkan
"Belajar_Bootstrap". </span></span></div>
<span style="color: #fff2cc;">
</span><br />
<ol start="2" style="margin-top: 0cm;" type="1">
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #fff2cc;"><b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Copy seluruh
file Bootstrap ke dalam Folder Baru Tersebut</span></b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> </span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt;"></span></span></li>
</ol>
<span style="color: #fff2cc;">
</span><br />
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #fff2cc;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">Copy folder <i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">css</span></i>, <i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">fonts</span></i>
dan <i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">js</span></i> yang ada
pada Bootstrap yang telah kita download tadi, ke dalam folder baru tersebut
(Belajar_Bootstrap)</span></span></div>
<span style="color: #fff2cc;">
</span><br />
<ol start="3" style="margin-top: 0cm;" type="1">
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #fff2cc;"><b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Copy file jQuery
ke dalam folder js</span></b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> </span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt;"></span></span></li>
</ol>
<span style="color: #fff2cc;">
</span><br />
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #fff2cc;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">Copy dan Gabungkan file <b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">jquery-1.12.0.min.js</span></b>
yang telah kita download kedalam folder <i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">js</span></i>
punya bootstrap tadi, hal ini dilakukan untuk mempermudah proses pembelajaran.</span></span></div>
<span style="color: #fff2cc;">
</span><br />
<ol start="4" style="margin-top: 0cm;" type="1">
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #fff2cc;"><b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Buat file html</span></b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> </span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt;"></span></span></li>
</ol>
<span style="color: #fff2cc;">
</span><br />
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #fff2cc;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">Buat file baru dengan notepadd++ kemudian
copy code snippet yang saya sediakan dibawah ini, kemudian save dan berilah
nama seperti: <i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">index.html</span></i>
atau <i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">default.html</span></i>
dan simpanlah file tersebut ke folder "Belajar_Bootstrap" yang telah
dibuat diatas. Berikut kodenya: </span></span></div>
<span style="color: #fff2cc;">
</span><br />
<pre><span style="color: #fff2cc;"><span class="dec"> </span></span></pre>
<pre style="margin-left: 1.0cm;"><span style="color: #fff2cc;"><span class="dec"><!DOCTYPE html></span></span></pre>
<pre style="margin-left: 1.0cm;"><span style="color: #fff2cc;"><span class="tag"><html</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="atn">lang</span><span class="pun">=</span><span class="atv">"en"</span><span class="tag">></span></span></pre>
<pre style="margin-left: 1.0cm;"><span style="color: #fff2cc;"><span class="pln"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span><span class="tag"><head></span></span></pre>
<pre style="margin-left: 1.0cm;"><span style="color: #fff2cc;"><span class="pln"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span><span class="tag"><meta</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="atn">charset</span><span class="pun">=</span><span class="atv">"utf-8"</span><span class="tag">></span></span></pre>
<pre style="margin-left: 1.0cm;"><span style="color: #fff2cc;"><span class="pln"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span><span class="tag"><meta</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="atn">http-equiv</span><span class="pun">=</span><span class="atv">"X-UA-Compatible"</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="atn">content</span><span class="pun">=</span><span class="atv">"IE=edge"</span><span class="tag">></span></span></pre>
<pre style="margin-left: 1.0cm;"><span style="color: #fff2cc;"><span class="pln"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span><span class="tag"><meta</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="atn">name</span><span class="pun">=</span><span class="atv">"viewport"</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="atn">content</span><span class="pun">=</span><span class="atv">"width=device-width, initial-scale=1"</span><span class="tag">></span></span></pre>
<pre style="margin-left: 1.0cm;"><span style="color: #fff2cc;"><span class="pln"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span><span class="tag"><title></span><span class="pln">Bootstrap 3.3.6 Starter Template - by dul.web.id</span><span class="tag"></title></span></span></pre>
<pre style="margin-left: 1.0cm;"><span style="color: #fff2cc;"><span class="pln"> </span></span></pre>
<pre style="margin-left: 1.0cm;"><span style="color: #fff2cc;"><span class="pln"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span><span class="com"><!-- Bootstrap --></span></span></pre>
<pre style="margin-left: 1.0cm;"><span style="color: #fff2cc;"><span class="pln"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span><span class="tag"><link</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="atn">href</span><span class="pun">=</span><span class="atv">"css/bootstrap.min.css"</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="atn">rel</span><span class="pun">=</span><span class="atv">"stylesheet"</span><span class="tag">></span></span></pre>
<pre style="margin-left: 1.0cm;"><span style="color: #fff2cc;"><span class="pln"> </span></span></pre>
<pre style="margin-left: 1.0cm;"><span style="color: #fff2cc;"><span class="pln"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span><span class="com"><!-- HTML5 Shim and Respond.js IE8 support of HTML5 elements and media queries --></span></span></pre>
<pre style="margin-left: 1.0cm;"><span style="color: #fff2cc;"><span class="pln"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span><span class="com"><!-- WARNING: Respond.js doesn't work if you view the page via file:// --></span></span></pre>
<pre style="margin-left: 1.0cm;"><span style="color: #fff2cc;"><span class="pln"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span><span class="com"><!--[if lt IE 9]></span></span></pre>
<pre style="margin-left: 1.0cm;"><span style="color: #fff2cc;"><span class="com"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><script src="https://oss.maxcdn.com/html5shiv/3.7.2/html5shiv.min.js"></script></span></span></pre>
<pre style="margin-left: 1.0cm;"><span style="color: #fff2cc;"><span class="com"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><script src="https://oss.maxcdn.com/respond/1.4.2/respond.min.js"></script></span></span></pre>
<pre style="margin-left: 1.0cm;"><span style="color: #fff2cc;"><span class="com"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><![endif]--></span></span></pre>
<pre style="margin-left: 1.0cm;"><span style="color: #fff2cc;"><span class="pln"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span><span class="tag"></head></span></span></pre>
<pre style="margin-left: 1.0cm;"><span style="color: #fff2cc;"><span class="pln"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span><span class="tag"><body></span></span></pre>
<pre style="margin-left: 1.0cm;"><span style="color: #fff2cc;"><span class="pln"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span><span class="com"><!-- AWAL CONTENT<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>-- hapus dari sini kebawah (sampai AKHIR CONTENT) --></span></span></pre>
<pre style="margin-left: 1.0cm;"><span style="color: #fff2cc;"><span class="pln"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span><span class="tag"><div</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="atn">class</span><span class="pun">=</span><span class="atv">"container"</span><span class="tag">></span></span></pre>
<pre style="margin-left: 1.0cm;"><span style="color: #fff2cc;"><span class="pln"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span><span class="tag"><h1></span><span class="pln">Apa Kabar Dunia?</span><span class="tag"></h1></span></span></pre>
<pre style="margin-left: 1.0cm;"><span style="color: #fff2cc;"><span class="pln"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span><span class="com"><!-- Small modal --></span></span></pre>
<pre style="margin-left: 1.0cm;"><span style="color: #fff2cc;"><span class="pln"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span><span class="tag"><button</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="atn">class</span><span class="pun">=</span><span class="atv">"btn btn-danger"</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="atn">data-toggle</span><span class="pun">=</span><span class="atv">"modal"</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="atn">data-target</span><span class="pun">=</span><span class="atv">".bs-example-modal-sm"</span><span class="tag">></span><span class="pln">Klik Aku</span><span class="tag"></button></span></span></pre>
<pre style="margin-left: 1.0cm;"><span style="color: #fff2cc;"><span class="pln"> </span></span></pre>
<pre style="margin-left: 1.0cm;"><span style="color: #fff2cc;"><span class="pln"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span><span class="tag"><div</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="atn">class</span><span class="pun">=</span><span class="atv">"modal fade bs-example-modal-sm"</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="atn">tabindex</span><span class="pun">=</span><span class="atv">"-1"</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="atn">role</span><span class="pun">=</span><span class="atv">"dialog"</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="atn">aria-labelledby</span><span class="pun">=</span><span class="atv">"mySmallModalLabel"</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="atn">aria-hidden</span><span class="pun">=</span><span class="atv">"true"</span><span class="tag">></span></span></pre>
<pre style="margin-left: 1.0cm;"><span style="color: #fff2cc;"><span class="pln"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span><span class="tag"><div</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="atn">class</span><span class="pun">=</span><span class="atv">"modal-dialog modal-sm"</span><span class="tag">></span></span></pre>
<pre style="margin-left: 1.0cm;"><span style="color: #fff2cc;"><span class="pln"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span><span class="tag"><div</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="atn">class</span><span class="pun">=</span><span class="atv">"modal-content"</span><span class="tag">></span></span></pre>
<pre style="margin-left: 1.0cm;"><span style="color: #fff2cc;"><span class="pln"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span><span class="tag"><div</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="atn">class</span><span class="pun">=</span><span class="atv">"modal-header"</span><span class="tag">></span></span></pre>
<pre style="margin-left: 1.0cm;"><span style="color: #fff2cc;"><span class="pln"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span><span class="tag"><button</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="atn">type</span><span class="pun">=</span><span class="atv">"button"</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="atn">class</span><span class="pun">=</span><span class="atv">"close"</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="atn">data-dismiss</span><span class="pun">=</span><span class="atv">"modal"</span><span class="tag">><span</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="atn">aria-hidden</span><span class="pun">=</span><span class="atv">"true"</span><span class="tag">></span><span class="pln">×</span><span class="tag"></span><span</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="atn">class</span><span class="pun">=</span><span class="atv">"sr-only"</span><span class="tag">></span><span class="pln">Close</span><span class="tag"></span></button></span></span></pre>
<pre style="margin-left: 1.0cm;"><span style="color: #fff2cc;"><span class="pln"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span><span class="tag"><h4</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="atn">class</span><span class="pun">=</span><span class="atv">"modal-title"</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="atn">id</span><span class="pun">=</span><span class="atv">"mySmallModalLabel"</span><span class="tag">></span><span class="pln">Small modal</span><span class="tag"></h4></span></span></pre>
<pre style="margin-left: 1.0cm;"><span style="color: #fff2cc;"><span class="pln"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span><span class="tag"></div></span></span></pre>
<pre style="margin-left: 1.0cm;"><span style="color: #fff2cc;"><span class="pln"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span><span class="tag"><div</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="atn">class</span><span class="pun">=</span><span class="atv">"modal-body"</span><span class="tag">></span></span></pre>
<pre style="margin-left: 1.0cm;"><span style="color: #fff2cc;"><span class="pln"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Hai... salam kenal dari </span><span class="tag"><strong></span><span class="pln">dul</span><span class="tag"></strong></span><span class="pln">. Jika dialog ini muncul dan Anda bisa baca tulisan ini berarti Bootstrap berhasil di load dan terintegrasi dengan baik. Selamat Belajar</span></span></pre>
<pre style="margin-left: 1.0cm;"><span style="color: #fff2cc;"><span class="pln"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span><span class="tag"></div></span></span></pre>
<pre style="margin-left: 1.0cm;"><span style="color: #fff2cc;"><span class="pln"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span><span class="tag"></div></span></span></pre>
<pre style="margin-left: 1.0cm;"><span style="color: #fff2cc;"><span class="pln"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span><span class="tag"></div></span></span></pre>
<pre style="margin-left: 1.0cm;"><span style="color: #fff2cc;"><span class="pln"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span><span class="tag"></div></span></span></pre>
<pre style="margin-left: 1.0cm;"><span style="color: #fff2cc;"><span class="pln"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span><span class="tag"></div></span></span></pre>
<pre style="margin-left: 1.0cm;"><span style="color: #fff2cc;"><span class="pln"> </span></span></pre>
<pre style="margin-left: 1.0cm;"><span style="color: #fff2cc;"><span class="pln"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span><span class="com"><!-- AKHIR CONTENT - dari sini kebawah jgn dihapus --></span></span></pre>
<pre style="margin-left: 1.0cm;"><span style="color: #fff2cc;"><span class="pln"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span><span class="com"><!-- jQuery (necessary for Bootstrap's JavaScript plugins) --></span></span></pre>
<pre style="margin-left: 1.0cm;"><span style="color: #fff2cc;"><span class="pln"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span><span class="tag"><script</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="atn">src</span><span class="pun">=</span><span class="atv">"js/jquery-1.12.0.min.js"</span><span class="tag">></script></span></span></pre>
<pre style="margin-left: 1.0cm;"><span style="color: #fff2cc;"><span class="pln"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span><span class="com"><!-- Include all compiled plugins (below), or include individual files as needed --></span></span></pre>
<pre style="margin-left: 1.0cm;"><span style="color: #fff2cc;"><span class="pln"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span><span class="tag"><script</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="atn">src</span><span class="pun">=</span><span class="atv">"js/bootstrap.min.js"</span><span class="tag">></script></span></span></pre>
<pre style="margin-left: 1.0cm;"><span style="color: #fff2cc;"><span class="pln"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span><span class="tag"></body></span></span></pre>
<pre style="margin-left: 1.0cm;"><span style="color: #fff2cc;"><span class="tag"></html></span></span></pre>
<span style="color: #fff2cc;">
</span><br />
<h4 style="line-height: normal; margin-top: 0cm;">
<span style="color: #fff2cc;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">Saatnya untuk Uji Coba</span></span></h4>
<span style="color: #fff2cc;">
</span><br />
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #fff2cc;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">Buka file
html yang telah dibuat dengan code snippet diatas, buka dengan browser terbaru
misalkan Google Chrome atau Firefox <span class="msodel0"><span class="msoDel"><del>jangan
gunakan internet explorer</del></span></span>. Jika file <i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">Bootstrap.css</span></i> berhasil
diload maka tombol button akan memiliki style ala bootstrap seperti ini: </span></span></div>
<span style="color: #fff2cc;">
</span><br />
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #fff2cc;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">Kita
coba lagi apakah <i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">bootstrap.js</span></i>
berhasil di load dengan cara mengklik tombol </span></span></div>
<span style="color: #fff2cc;">
</span><br />
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #fff2cc;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">tersebut.
Apabila muncul dialog box, maka <i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">bootstrap.js</span></i>
berhasil di load dan siap digunakan sebagai template. Gunakan template ini
untuk setiap materi pembelajaran bootstrap dan hapuslah AWAL CONTENT sampai
AKHIR CONTENT untuk memulai file baru kosong tanpa konten.</span></span></div>
<span style="color: #fff2cc;">
</span><br />
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<span style="color: #fff2cc;">
</span><br />
<h4 style="line-height: normal; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #fff2cc;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">Tidak
mau repot? Pengen Instant? Download Aja!</span></span></h4>
<span style="color: #fff2cc;">
</span><br />
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #fff2cc;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">Nggak
mau ngikutin step-step yang sudah diuraikan diatas. Baik, <span class="text-dul">dul</span>
akan share link download siap saji yang bisa digunakan untuk memulai belajar
bootstrap. Ini adalah bootstrap <span class="msodel0"><span class="msoDel"><del>v3.2.0</del></span></span>
<span class="msodel0"><span class="msoDel"><del>3.3.0</del></span></span> <span class="msodel0"><span class="msoDel"><del>3.3.1</del></span></span> <span class="msodel0"><span class="msoDel"><del>3.3.5</del></span></span> <span class="msoins0"><span class="msoIns"><ins>3.3.6</ins></span></span> yang didalamnya
sudah <span class="text-dul">dul</span> berikan template seperti diatas. <a href="https://goo.gl/wUHCct" target="_blank">Download disini</a> </span></span></div>
<span style="color: #fff2cc;">
</span><br />
<h4 style="line-height: normal; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #fff2cc;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"> </span></span></h4>
<span style="color: #fff2cc;">
</span><br />
<h4 style="line-height: normal; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #fff2cc;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">Langkah
Selanjutnya Apa?</span></span></h4>
<span style="color: #fff2cc;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="color: #fff2cc;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">Langkah selanjutnya mungkin Anda harus sering-sering mengunjungi situs
resmi bootstrap di getbootstrap.com dan mempelajari dokumentasi yang telah
disediakan. disini, kami sediakan tutorial bootstrap berbahasa Indonesia secara
bertahap. Nantikan Artikel menarik lainnya mengenai Bootstrap.</span></span></div>
<span style="color: #fff2cc;">
</span><br />
<div class="lead" itemprop="articleSection" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #fff2cc;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"> </span></span></div>
<span style="color: #fff2cc;">
</span><br />
<h1 style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #fff2cc;"><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: normal;">Sumber :</span></i></span></h1>
<span style="color: #fff2cc;">
</span><br />
<h1 itemprop="headline" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="color: #fff2cc;"><span style="font-family: "symbol"; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: normal;">·</span><span style="font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal;">
</span><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: normal;">http://dul.web.id/bootstrap/3/tuts-tips/belajar-bootstrap-untuk-pemula.php, </span></i></span></h1>
<span style="color: #fff2cc;">
</span><br />
<h1 itemprop="headline" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="color: #fff2cc;"><span style="font-family: "symbol"; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: normal;">·</span><span style="font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal;">
</span><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: normal;">https://bertzzie.com/post/31/bootstrap-sebuah-framework-css-dari-twitter,</span></i></span><span style="color: #fff2cc;"></span></h1>
<h1 itemprop="headline" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="color: #fff2cc;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "symbol"; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 107%;"></span><span style="font-family: "calibri" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 7pt; line-height: 107%;"></span><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 107%;">http://jagowebsite8089.blogspot.co.id/2015/05/apa-itu-bootstrap.html</span></i></b></span></h1>
<h1 itemprop="headline" style="text-align: justify;">
<i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"> </span></span></span></i></h1>
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;"></span> </span>benhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08280500851980226983noreply@blogger.com12tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6297901946487315682.post-57099860697523667132015-04-01T21:42:00.001-07:002015-04-01T22:56:23.812-07:00PELANGGARAN ETIKA PROFESI PADA ASPEK EKONOMI (BISNIS)<div style="text-align: justify;">
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<div style="text-align: justify;">
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<span style="color: #fff2cc;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: large;">Kejahatan E-commerce di Indonesia</span></span></span></h2>
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<span style="font-size: large;"> Pesatnya perkembangan internet membentuk sebuah dunia baru yang biasa disebut dunia maya. Setiap individu memiliki hak dan kemampuan untuk berinteraksi dengan individu lain tanpa batasan apapun yang dapat menghalanginya, sehingga globalisasi telah berjalan di dunia maya yang menghubungkan seluruh komunitas digital. Seluruh aspek kehidupan manusia terkena dampak kehadiran internet, salah satunya adalah sektor bisnis yang merupakan sektor yang paling terkena dampak dari perkembangan teknologi informasi dan telekomunikasi serta paling cepat tumbuh. Melalui e-commerce, untuk pertama kalinya seluruh manusia di muka bumi memiliki kesempatan dan peluang yang sama agar dapat bersaing dan berhasil berbisnis di dunia maya.E-commerce adalah suatu jenis dari mekanisme bisnis secara elektronik yang memfokuskan diri pada transaksi bisnis berbasis individu dengan menggunakan media internet (teknologi berbasis jaringan digital) sebagai medium pertukaran barang atau jasa baik antara dua buah institusi (business to business) dan konsumen langsung (business to consumer), melewati kendala ruang dan waktu yang selama ini merupakan hal-hal yang dominan. </span><br />
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<span style="font-size: large;"> Dengan menggunakan aplikasi e-commerce, seyogyanya hubungan antar perusahaan dengan entitas eksternal lainnya (pemasok, distributor, rekanan, konsumen) dapat dilakukan secara lebih cepat, lebih intensif, dan lebih murah daripada aplikasi prinsip manajemen secara konvensional (door to door, one-to-one relationship). Maka e-commerce bukanlah sekedar suatu mekanisme penjualan barang atau jasa melalui medium internet, tetapi juga terhadap terjadinya sebuah transformasi bisnis yang mengubah cara pandang perusahaan dalam melakukan aktivitas usahanya. Membangun dan mengimplementasikan sebuah system e-commerce bukanlah merupakan proses instant, namun merupakan transformasi strategi dan system bisnis yang terus berkembang sejalan dengan perkembangan perusahaan dan teknologi.</span><br />
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A. Definisi</span></h3>
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1. E-commerce </span></h4>
<span style="font-size: large;">E-commerce merupakan prosedur berdagang atau mekanisme jual-beli di internet dimana pembeli dan penjual dipertemukan di dunia maya. E-commerce juga dapat didefinisikan sebagai suatu cara berbelanja atau berdagang secara online atau direct selling yang memanfaatkan fasilitas Internet dimana terdapat website yang dapat menyediakan layanan “get and deliver“. </span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">E-commerce akan merubah semua kegiatan marketing dan juga sekaligus memangkas biaya-biaya operasional untuk kegiatan trading (perdagangan). </span><br />
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2. Cybercrime</span></h4>
<span style="font-size: large;">Polri dalam hal ini unit cybercrime menggunakan parameter berdasarkan dokumen kongres PBB tentangThe Prevention of Crime and The Treatment of Offlenderes di Havana, Cuba pada tahun 1999 dan di Wina, Austria tahun 2000, menyebutkan ada 2 istilah yang dikenal : </span><br />
<ul>
<li><span style="font-size: large;">Cyber crime in a narrow sense (dalam arti sempit) disebut computer crime : any illegal behaviour directed by means of electronic operation that target the security of computer system and the data processed by them.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-size: large;">Cyber crime in a broader sense (dalam arti luas) disebut computer related crime: any illegal behaviour committed by means on relation to, a computer system offering or system or network, including such crime as illegal possession in, offering or distributing information by means of computer system or network.</span></li>
</ul>
<span style="font-size: large;">Dari beberapa pengertian di atas, cybercrime dirumuskan sebagai perbuatan melawan hukum yang dilakukan dengan memakai jaringan komputer sebagai sarana/ alat atau komputer sebagai objek, baik untuk memperoleh keuntungan ataupun tidak, dengan merugikan pihak lain.</span><br />
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B. Jenis-jenis Katagori CyberCrime</span></h3>
<span style="font-size: large;">Eoghan Casey mengkategorikan cybercrime dalam 4 kategori yaitu : </span><br />
<ol>
<li><span style="font-size: large;">A computer can be the object of Crime. </span></li>
<li><span style="font-size: large;">A computer can be a subject of crime. </span></li>
<li><span style="font-size: large;">The computer can be used as the tool for conducting or planning a crime.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-size: large;">The symbol of the computer itself can be used to intimidate or deceive. </span></li>
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<span style="font-size: large;">C. Sekilas Kejahatan E-COMMERCE Di Indonesia</span></h3>
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Modus Operandi Cyber Crime</span></h4>
<span style="font-size: large;"> Kejahatan atau pelanggaran yang berhubungan erat dengan penggunaan teknologi yang berbasis komputer dan jaringan telekomunikasi ini dikelompokkan dalam beberapa bentuk sesuai modus operandi yang ada, antara lain:</span><br />
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1. Unauthorized Access to Computer System and Service</span></h4>
<span style="font-size: large;"> Kejahatan yang dilakukan dengan memasuki/menyusup ke dalam suatu sistem jaringan komputer secara tidak sah, tanpa izin atau tanpa sepengetahuan dari pemilik sistem jaringan komputer yang dimasukinya. Biasanya pelaku kejahatan (hacker) melakukannya dengan maksud sabotase ataupun pencurian informasi penting dan rahasia. Namun begitu, ada juga yang melakukannya hanya karena merasa tertantang untuk mencoba keahliannya menembus suatu sistem yang memiliki tingkat proteksi tinggi. Kejahatan ini semakin marak dengan berkembangnya teknologi Internet/intranet. Kita tentu belum lupa ketika masalah Timor Timur sedang hangat-hangatnya dibicarakan di tingkat internasional, beberapa website milik pemerintah RI dirusak oleh hacker. Beberapa waktu lalu, hacker juga telah berhasil menembus masuk ke dalam data base berisi data para pengguna jasa America Online (AOL), sebuah perusahaan Amerika Serikat yang bergerak dibidang ecommerce yang memiliki tingkat kerahasiaan tinggi . Situs Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) juga tidak luput dari serangan para hacker, yang mengakibatkan tidak berfungsinya situs ini beberapa waktu lamanya.</span><br />
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2. Illegal Contents</span></h4>
<span style="font-size: large;"> Merupakan kejahatan dengan memasukkan data atau informasi ke Internet tentang sesuatu hal yang tidak benar, tidak etis, dan dapat dianggap melanggar hukum atau mengganggu ketertiban umum. Sebagai contohnya, pemuatan suatu berita bohong atau fitnah yang akan menghancurkan martabat atau harga diri pihak lain, hal-hal yang berhubungan dengan pornografi atau pemuatan suatu informasi yang merupakan rahasia negara, agitasi dan propaganda untuk melawan pemerintahan yang sah dan sebagainya.</span><br />
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3. Data Forgery</span></h4>
<span style="font-size: large;"> Merupakan kejahatan dengan memalsukan data pada dokumen-dokumen penting yang tersimpan sebagai scripless document melalui Internet. Kejahatan ini biasanya ditujukan pada dokumen-dokumen e-commerce dengan membuat seolah-olah terjadi “salah ketik” yang pada akhirnya akan menguntungkan pelaku karena korban akan memasukkan data pribadi dan nomor kartu kredit yang dapat saja disalah gunakan.</span><br />
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4. Cyber Espionage</span></h4>
<span style="font-size: large;"> Merupakan kejahatan yang memanfaatkan jaringan Internet untuk melakukan kegiatan mata-mata terhadap pihak lain, dengan memasuki sistem jaringan komputer (computer network system) pihak sasaran. Kejahatan ini biasanya ditujukan terhadap saingan bisnis yang dokumen ataupun data pentingnya (data base) tersimpan dalam suatu sistem yang computerized (tersambung dalam jaringan komputer)</span><br />
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5. Cyber Sabotage and Extortion</span></h4>
<span style="font-size: large;"> Kejahatan ini dilakukan dengan membuat gangguan, perusakan atau penghancuran terhadap suatu data, program komputer atau sistem jaringan komputer yang terhubung dengan Internet. Biasanya kejahatan ini dilakukan dengan menyusupkan suatu logic bomb, virus komputer ataupun suatu program tertentu, sehingga data, program komputer atau sistem jaringan komputer tidak dapat digunakan, tidak berjalan sebagaimana mestinya, atau berjalan sebagaimana yang dikehendaki oleh pelaku.</span><br />
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6. Offense against Intellectual Property</span></h4>
<span style="font-size: large;"> Kejahatan ini ditujukan terhadap hak atas kekayaan intelektual yang dimiliki pihak lain di Internet. Sebagai contoh, peniruan tampilan pada web page suatu situs milik orang lain secara ilegal, penyiaran suatu informasi di Internet yang ternyata merupakan rahasia dagang orang lain, dan sebagainya.</span><br />
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7. Infringements of Privacy</span></h4>
<span style="font-size: large;"> Kejahatan ini biasanya ditujukan terhadap keterangan pribadi seseorang yang tersimpan pada formulir data pribadi yang tersimpan secara computerized, yang apabila diketahui oleh orang lain maka dapat merugikan korban secara materil maupun immateril, seperti nomor kartu kredit, nomor PIN ATM, cacat atau penyakit tersembunyi dan sebagainya</span><br />
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<span style="font-size: large;">Dalam beberapa dekade terakhir ini, banyak sekali perbuatan-perbuatan pemalsuan (forgery) terhadap surat-surat dan dokumen-dokumen yang berkaitan dengan bisnis. Perbuatan-perbuatan pemalsuan surat itu telah merusak iklim bisnis di Indonesia. Dalam KUH Pidana memang telah terdapat Bab khusus yaitu Bab XII yang mengkriminalisasi perbuatan-perbuatan pemalsuan surat, tetapi ketentuan-ketentuan tersebut sifatnya masih sangat umum. Pada saat ini surat-surat dan dokumen-dokumen yang dipalsukan itu dapat berupa electronic document yang dikirimkan atau yang disimpan di electronic files badan-badan atau institusi-institusi pemerintah, perusahaan, atau perorangan. Seyogyanya Indonesia memiliki ketentuan-ketentuan pidana khusus yang berkenaan dengan pemalsuan surat atau dokumen dengan membeda-bedakan jenis surat atau dokumen pemalsuan, yang merupakan lex specialist di luar KUH Pidana.</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">Menurut riset yang dilakukan perusahaan Security Clear Commerce yang berbasis di Texas, menyatakan Indonesia berada di urutan kedua setelah Ukraina (Shintia Dian Arwida. 2002).</span><br />
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<span style="font-size: large;"><b>Contoh kasus cybercrime yang terjadi berkaitan dengan kejahatan bisnis :</b></span> <br />
<ul>
<li><span style="font-size: large;">Tahun 2000 beberapa situs atau web Indonesia diacak-acak oleh cracker yang menamakan dirinya Fabianclone dan naisenodni. Situs tersebut adalah antara lain milik BCA, Bursa Efek Jakarta dan Indosatnet (Agus Raharjo, 2002.37). </span></li>
<li><span style="font-size: large;">Selanjutnya pada bulan September dan Oktober 2000, seorang craker dengan julukan fabianclone berhasil menjebol web milik Bank Bali. Bank ini memberikan layanan internet banking pada nasabahnya. Kerugian yang ditimbulkan sangat besar dan mengakibatkan terputusnya layanan nasabah (Agus Raharjo 2002:38). </span></li>
<li><span style="font-size: large;">Kejahatan lainnya yang dikategorikan sebagai cybercrime dalam kejahatan bisnis adalah Cyber Fraud, yaitu kejahatan yang dilakukan dengan melakukan penipuan lewat internet, salah satu diantaranya adalah dengan melakukan kejahatan terlebih dahulu yaitu mencuri nomor kartu kredit orang lain dengan meng-hack atau membobol situs pada internet. </span></li>
<li><span style="font-size: large;">Cyber Squalling, yang dapat diartikan sebagai mendapatkan, memperjualbelikan, atau menggunakan suatu nama domain dengan itikad tidak baik atau jelek. Di Indonesia kasus ini pernah terjadi antara PT. Mustika Ratu dan Tjandra, pihak yang mendaftarkan nama domain tersebut (Iman Sjahputra, 2002:151-152). </span></li>
<li><span style="font-size: large;">Satu lagi kasus yang diputus di Pengadilan Negeri Sleman dengan Terdakwa Petrus Pangkur alias Bonny Diobok Obok. Dalam kasus tersebut, terdakwa didakwa melakukan Cybercrime. Dalam amar putusannya Majelis Hakim berkeyakinan bahwa Petrus Pangkur alias Bonny Diobok Obok telah membobol kartu kredit milik warga Amerika Serikat, hasil kejahatannya digunakan untuk membeli barang-barang seperti helm dan sarung tangan merk AGV. Total harga barang yang dibelinya mencapai Rp. 4.000.000,- (Pikiran Rakyat, 31 Agustus 2002). </span></li>
</ul>
<span style="font-size: large;"> Namun, beberapa contoh kasus yang berkaitan dengan cybercrime dalam kejahatan bisnis jarang yang sampai ke meja hijau, hal ini dikarenakan masih terjadi perdebatan tentang regulasi yang berkaitan dengan kejahatan tersebut. Terlebih mengenai UU No. 11 Tahun 2008 Tentang Internet dan Transaksi Elektronika yang sampai dengan hari ini walaupun telah disahkan pada tanggal 21 April 2008 belum dikeluarkan Peraturan Pemerintah untuk sebagai penjelasan dan pelengkap terhadap pelaksanaan Undang-Undang tersebut.</span><br />
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<span style="font-size: large;"> Disamping itu banyaknya kejadian tersebut tidak dilaporkan oleh masyarakat kepada pihak kepolisian sehingga cybercrime yang terjadi hanya ibarat angin lalu, dan diderita oleh sang korban.</span><br />
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<span style="font-size: large;"> Upaya penanggulangan kejahatan e-commerce sekarang ini memang harus diprioritaskan. Indonesia harus mengantisipasi lebih berkembangnya kejahatan teknologi ini dengan sebuah payung hukum yang mempunyai suatu kepastian hukum. Urgensi cyberlaw bagi Indonesia diharuskan untuk meletakkan dasar legal dan kultur bagi masyarakat indonesia untuk masuk dan menjadi pelaku dalam pergaulan masyarakat yang memanfaatkan kecanggihan dibidang teknologi informasi.</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-size: large;"> Adanya hukum cyber (cyberlaw) akan membantu pelaku bisnis dan auditor untuk melaksanakan tugasnya. Cyberlaw memberikan rambu-rambu bagi para pengguna internet. Pengguna internet dapat menggunakan internet dengan bebas ketika tidak ada peraturan yang mengikat dan “memaksa”. Namun, adanya peraturan atau hukum yang jelas akan membatasi pengguna agar tidak melakukan tindak kejahatan dan kecurangan dengan menggunakan internet. Bagi auditor, selain menggunakan standar baku dalam mengaudit sistem informasi, hukum yang jelas dan tegas dapat meminimalisasi adanya tindak kejahatan dan kecurangan sehingga memberikan kemudahan bagi auditor untuk melacak tindak kejahatan tersebut. Adanya jaminan keamanan yang diberikan akan menumbuhkan kepercayaan di mata masyarakat pengguna sehingga diharapkan pelaksanaan e-commerce khususnya di Indonesia dapat berjalan dengan baik.</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-size: large;"> Kasus-kasus cybercrime dalam bidang e-commerce sebenarnya banyak sekali terjadi, namun ditengah keterbatasan teknologi dan sumber daya manusia aparat hukum dibidang penyelidikan dan penyidikan, banyak kasus-kasus yang tidak terselesaikan bahkan tidak sempat dilaporkan oleh korban, sehingga sangat dibutuhkan sekali kesigapan sistem peradilan kita untuk menghadapi semakin cepatnya perkembangan kejahatan dewasa ini khususnya dalam dunia cyber.</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-size: large;"> Untuk mencapai suatu kepastian hukum, terutama dibidang penanggulangan kejahatan e-commerce, maka dibutuhkan suatu undang-undang atau peraturan khusus mengenai cybercrime sehingga mengatur dengan jelas bagaimana dari mulai proses penyelidikan, penyidikan sampai dengan persidangan.</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-size: large;"> Diharapkan aparat penegak hukum di Indonesia lebih memahami dan “mempersenjatai” diri dengan kemamampuan penyesuaian dalam globalisasi perkembangan teknologi ini sehingga secanggih apapun kejahatan yang dilakukan, maka aparat penegak hukum akan dengan mudah untuk menanggulanginya dan juga tidak akan terjadi perbedaan persepsi mengenai penerapan suatu undang-undang ataupun peraturan yang telah ada, dan dapat tercapainya suatu kepastian hukum di tengah-tengah masyarakat Indonesia.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Untuk selanjutnya kita akan membuat player MIDI dengan menggunakan MIDlet, sehingga disini kita harus menggunakan coding murni.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">1. Kita awali dengan pembuatan project baru seperti pada video Tutorial-1 dengan nama PlayMidi. Pada Hello Midlet hilangkan dicentangnya. Klik <b>Next.</b></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"> </span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Gambar 1.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">2. Kemudian pada langkah selanjutnya <b>Default Platform Selection</b>, Emulator Platform pilih yang standart CLDC Oracle Java. (lihat gambar)</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Klik <b>Finish</b>.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Gambar 2. </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">3. Selanjutnya membuat paket dengan cara arahkan kursor pada Source Package kemudian klik kanan pilih <b>New </b>=> <b>Java Package. </b> </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">- Beri nama sesuai selera (paketMidi). </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">- klik <b>Finish</b>.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"> Gambar 3.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"> 4. Arahkan kursor pada paket yang telah kita buat (pada paketMidi), </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">- Klik kanan pilih <b>New</b></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">- Klik pada MIDlet.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">- Beri nama (PlayMidi).<b></b></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">- Klik <b>Finish</b>.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"> Gambar 4.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"> </span><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Pada langkah ini kita sudah mempunyai MIDlet yang akan kita isi dengan source code untuk membuat form dan tombol perintah player dan stop.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><br />5. Klik 2 kali pada nama MIDlet (PlayMidi.java), tunggu sampai muncul halaman edit.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Gambar 5.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">6. Ganti tampilan <b>Flow</b> pada tampilan pada <b>Source</b> </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Gambar 6.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">7. Tambah fasilitas library yang kita butuhkan disediakan oleh java antara lain :</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;">import java.io.IOException;<br />import javax.microedition.lcdui.*;<br />import javax.microedition.media.Manager;<br />import javax.microedition.media.MediaException;<br />import javax.microedition.media.Player;<br />import javax.microedition.midlet.MIDlet;</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">8. Pada langkah berikutnya didalam public class PlayMidi kita tambahkan tulisan:</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;">public class PlayMidi <b>extends MIDlet implements CommandListener {</b></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">9. Kemudian kita harus mendefinisikan hak access pada class yang kita buat :</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Gambar 7.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Ketik :</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"> <span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;"> public Form form = new Form("AudioPlayer");<br /> private Command Play = new Command("Play",Command.SCREEN,1);<br /> private Command Stop = new Command("Stop",Command.SCREEN,0);<br /> private Command exitComm = new Command("Exit",Command.EXIT,1);<br /> private Player player;</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">10. Pada Public kita berikan tombol perintah (Command) sbb:</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;"> form.addCommand(Play);<br /> form.addCommand(Stop);<br /> form.addCommand(exitComm);<br /> form.setCommandListener(this);</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">variabel command Play = untuk membuat tombol perintah mainkan musik.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">variabel </span>command Stop = untuk membuat tombol perintah menghentikan musik.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">variabel </span>command exitComm = untuk membuat tombol perintah keluar dari aplikasi.</span></div>
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<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=6297901946487315682" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><br /></a><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">11. Pada Public void commandAction kita ketik source code sbb:</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Gambar 8.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;"> if (c == exitComm) {<br /> cleanUp();<br /> notifyDestroyed();<br /> return;<br /> }<br /> if (c == Play) {<br /> playMedia("/audio/Sakitnya_tuh_disini.mid");<br /> Display.getDisplay(this).setCurrent(form);<br /> }<br /> if (c == Stop) {<br /> cleanUp();<br /> Display.getDisplay(this).setCurrent(form);<br /> }</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">hal ini untuk menjalankan tombol perintah yang dipilih.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">11. Membuat fungsi playMedia() perintah menjalankan musik :</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;"> public void playMedia(String locator){<br /> try{<br /> player = Manager.createPlayer(getClass().getResourceAsStream ("/audio/Sakitnya_tuh_disini.mid"),"audio/midi");<br /> player.realize();<br /> player.start();<br /> } catch (IOException ex) {<br /> <br /> } catch (MediaException ex) {<br /> <br /> }<br /> }</span> </span></div>
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<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=6297901946487315682" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"></a><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=6297901946487315682" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"></a><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=6297901946487315682" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"></a><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=6297901946487315682" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"></a><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=6297901946487315682" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"></a><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=6297901946487315682" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"></a><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=6297901946487315682" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"></a><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=6297901946487315682" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"></a><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=6297901946487315682" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"></a><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=6297901946487315682" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"></a><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=6297901946487315682" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><br /></a><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">12. Membuat fungsi cleanUp() untuk perintah stop musik sbb:</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"> <span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;">public void cleanUp(){<br /> if(player != null){<br /> player.close();<br /> player=null;<br /> }<br /> }</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">13. Laksanakan build program sampai tidak ada error dan <b>BUILD SUCCESSFULL</b></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">14. Run program sampai muncul emulator seperti dibawah ini :</span><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiT1I5zvr9haDcP3g00VxOM7VfP2P5GYElBJKsvORa6Fga_ivMjYByrKUV_e4kZQHBqfkXXYIoBtmbCQh-rI-s7FHsG87kygqB7dhg7roZGmOFLl6E0qlBrAfRn0NDyi3tZFBQifHjlkws/s1600/11.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiT1I5zvr9haDcP3g00VxOM7VfP2P5GYElBJKsvORa6Fga_ivMjYByrKUV_e4kZQHBqfkXXYIoBtmbCQh-rI-s7FHsG87kygqB7dhg7roZGmOFLl6E0qlBrAfRn0NDyi3tZFBQifHjlkws/s1600/11.jpg" height="640" width="278" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Source code lengkapnya sbb :</span><br />
<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=6297901946487315682" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"></a><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=6297901946487315682" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"></a><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=6297901946487315682" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"></a><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=6297901946487315682" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"></a><a 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imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"></a><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=6297901946487315682" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"></a><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=6297901946487315682" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"></a><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=6297901946487315682" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"></a><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=6297901946487315682" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"></a><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=6297901946487315682" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"></a><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=6297901946487315682" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"></a><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><b><span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;">/*<br /> * To change this template, choose Tools | Templates<br /> * and open the template in the editor.<br /> */<br />package paketMidi;<br /><br />import java.io.IOException;<br />import javax.microedition.lcdui.*;<br />import javax.microedition.media.Manager;<br />import javax.microedition.media.MediaException;<br />import javax.microedition.media.Player;<br />import javax.microedition.midlet.MIDlet;<br /><br />/**<br /> * @author benpro<br /> */<br />public class PlayMidi extends MIDlet implements CommandListener{ <br /> //<editor-fold defaultstate="collapsed" desc=" Generated Fields "> <br /> //</editor-fold> <br /> /**<br /> * The PlayMidi constructor.<br /> */<br /> public Form form = new Form("AudioPlayer");<br /> private Command Play = new Command("Play",Command.SCREEN,1);<br /> private Command Stop = new Command("Stop",Command.SCREEN,0);<br /> private Command exitComm = new Command("Exit",Command.EXIT,1);<br /> private Player player;<br /> <br /> public PlayMidi() {<br /> form.addCommand(Play);<br /> form.addCommand(Stop);<br /> form.addCommand(exitComm);<br /> form.setCommandListener(this); <br /> }<br /><br /> //<editor-fold defaultstate="collapsed" desc=" Generated Methods "> <br /> //</editor-fold> <br /> //<editor-fold defaultstate="collapsed" desc=" Generated Method: initialize "> <br /> /**<br /> * Initilizes the application.<br /> * It is called only once when the MIDlet is started. The method is called before the <code>startMIDlet</code> method.<br /> */<br /> private void initialize() { <br /> // write pre-initialize user code here<br /> <br /> // write post-initialize user code here<br /> } <br /> //</editor-fold> <br /><br /> //<editor-fold defaultstate="collapsed" desc=" Generated Method: startMIDlet "> <br /> /**<br /> * Performs an action assigned to the Mobile Device - MIDlet Started point.<br /> */<br /> public void startMIDlet() { <br /> // write pre-action user code here<br /> <br /> // write post-action user code here<br /> } <br /> //</editor-fold> <br /><br /> //<editor-fold defaultstate="collapsed" desc=" Generated Method: resumeMIDlet "> <br /> /**<br /> * Performs an action assigned to the Mobile Device - MIDlet Resumed point.<br /> */<br /> public void resumeMIDlet() { <br /> // write pre-action user code here<br /> <br /> // write post-action user code here<br /> } <br /> //</editor-fold> <br /><br /> //<editor-fold defaultstate="collapsed" desc=" Generated Method: switchDisplayable "> <br /> /**<br /> * Switches a current displayable in a display. The <code>display</code> instance is taken from <code>getDisplay</code> method. This method is used by all actions in the design for switching displayable.<br /> * @param alert the Alert which is temporarily set to the display; if <code>null</code>, then <code>nextDisplayable</code> is set immediately<br /> * @param nextDisplayable the Displayable to be set<br /> */<br /> public void switchDisplayable(Alert alert, Displayable nextDisplayable) { <br /> // write pre-switch user code here<br /> Display display = getDisplay(); <br /> if (alert == null) {<br /> display.setCurrent(nextDisplayable);<br /> } else {<br /> display.setCurrent(alert, nextDisplayable);<br /> } <br /> // write post-switch user code here<br /> } <br /> //</editor-fold> <br /> <br /> public Display getDisplay() {<br /> return Display.getDisplay(this);<br /> }<br /><br /> public void exitMIDlet() {<br /> switchDisplayable(null, null);<br /> destroyApp(true);<br /> notifyDestroyed();<br /> }<br /><br /> public void startApp() {<br /> Display.getDisplay(this).setCurrent(form);<br /> }<br /><br /> public void pauseApp() {<br /> <br /> }<br /> <br /> public void destroyApp(boolean unconditional) {<br /> }<br /> <br /> public void commandAction(Command c, Displayable d) {<br /> if (c == exitComm) {<br /> cleanUp();<br /> notifyDestroyed();<br /> return;<br /> }<br /> if (c == Play) {<br /> playMedia("/audio/Sakitnya_tuh_disini.mid");<br /> Display.getDisplay(this).setCurrent(form);<br /> }<br /> if (c == Stop) {<br /> cleanUp();<br /> Display.getDisplay(this).setCurrent(form);<br /> }<br /> }<br /> <br /> public void cleanUp(){<br /> if(player != null){<br /> player.close();<br /> player=null;<br /> }<br /> }<br /> <br /> public void playMedia(String locator){<br /> try{<br /> <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"></span>player = Manager.createPlayer(getClass().getResourceAsStream ("/audio/Sakitnya_tuh_disini.mid"),"audio/midi");<br /> player.realize();<br /> player.start();<br /> } catch (IOException ex) {<br /> <br /> } catch (MediaException ex) {<br /> <br /> }<br /> }<br />}</span></b></span><br />
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benhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08280500851980226983noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6297901946487315682.post-48134778491525426392015-01-15T07:00:00.001-08:002015-01-15T07:06:14.715-08:00<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: x-large;"><span style="color: orange;"><b><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">TUTORIAL-2 (Lanjutan)</span></b></span><br />MENAMBAHKAN IMAGE PADA FORM<br />APLIKASI J2ME MENGGUNAKAN<br />IDE NETBEANS</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Salam bertemu kembali.</span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Pada tutorial sebelumnya saya sempat menyinggung dan menjanjikan langkah-langkah menambahkan gambar atau image pada form aplikasi yang sudah kita buat sebelumnya.</span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"></span></span><br />
<a name='more'></a><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><br /></span></span>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Silahkan simak video tutorial berikut ini :</span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><br /></span></span>
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<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<iframe allowfullscreen='allowfullscreen' webkitallowfullscreen='webkitallowfullscreen' mozallowfullscreen='mozallowfullscreen' width='320' height='266' src='https://www.blogger.com/video.g?token=AD6v5dwC_6jNp1KsTaaMUj27L2JORPWjWIdSQ0JhBn07hAkIjuKQ2gNU_uRGGNpBAnreQA9DjQB5vBdDN8HARXSoOQ' class='b-hbp-video b-uploaded' frameborder='0'></iframe></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><br /></span></span>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">dibawah ini adalah source code nya :</span></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;"><br />package paketRekam;<br /><br />import javax.microedition.lcdui.*;<br />import javax.microedition.midlet.MIDlet;<br /><br />/**<br /> * @author benpro<br /> */<br />public class RekamMIDlet extends MIDlet implements CommandListener {<br /> <br /> private boolean midletPaused = false;<br /><br />//<editor-fold defaultstate="collapsed" desc=" Generated Fields "><br /> private Form formRekam;<br /> private TextField textNama;<br /> private TextField textTgllhr;<br /> private TextField textNim;<br /> private ChoiceGroup CgProdi;<br /> private ChoiceGroup CgJnsKelamin;<br /> private Form formHasil;<br /> private StringItem itemNama;<br /> private StringItem itemNim;<br /> private StringItem itemProdi;<br /> private StringItem itemTgllhr;<br /> private StringItem itemJnsKelamin;<br /> private Command exitCommand;<br /> private Command okCommand;<br /> private Command backCommand;<br /> private Command exitCommand1;<br /> private Command okCommand1;<br /> private Command exitCommand2;<br /> private Image image1;<br />//</editor-fold><br /> /**<br /> * The RekamMIDlet constructor.<br /> */<br /> public RekamMIDlet() {<br /> }<br /><br /><br /> private void initialize() {<br /> // write pre-initialize user code here<br /><br /> // write post-initialize user code here<br /> }<br /><br /> public void startMIDlet() {<br /> // write pre-action user code here<br /> switchDisplayable(null, getFormRekam());<br /> // write post-action user code here<br /> }<br /><br /> public void resumeMIDlet() {<br /> // write pre-action user code here<br /><br /> // write post-action user code here<br /> }<br /><br /> public void switchDisplayable(Alert alert, Displayable nextDisplayable) {<br /> // write pre-switch user code here<br /> Display display = getDisplay();<br /> if (alert == null) {<br /> display.setCurrent(nextDisplayable);<br /> } else {<br /> display.setCurrent(alert, nextDisplayable);<br /> }<br /> // write post-switch user code here<br /> }<br /><br /> public void commandAction(Command command, Displayable displayable) {<br /> // write pre-action user code here<br /> if (displayable == formHasil) {<br /> if (command == backCommand) {<br /> // write pre-action user code here<br /> switchDisplayable(null, getFormRekam());<br /> // write post-action user code here<br /> } else if (command == exitCommand1) {<br /> // write pre-action user code here<br /> exitMIDlet();<br /> // write post-action user code here<br /> }<br /> } else if (displayable == formRekam) {<br /> if (command == exitCommand) {<br /> // write pre-action user code here<br /> exitMIDlet();<br /> // write post-action user code here<br /> } else if (command == okCommand) {<br /> // write pre-action user code here<br /> switchDisplayable(null, getFormHasil());<br /> // write post-action user code here<br /> }<br /> }<br /> // write post-action user code here<br /> }<br /><br /> public Form getFormRekam() {<br /> if (formRekam == null) {<br /> // write pre-init user code here<br />
formRekam = new Form("Form Rekam Data", new Item[]{getTextNama(),
getTextNim(), getTextTgllhr(), getCgJnsKelamin(), getCgProdi()});<br /> formRekam.addCommand(getOkCommand());<br /> formRekam.addCommand(getExitCommand());<br /> formRekam.setCommandListener(this);<br /> // write post-init user code here<br /> }<br /> return formRekam;<br /> }<br /><br /> public TextField getTextNama() {<br /> if (textNama == null) {<br /> // write pre-init user code here<br /> textNama = new TextField("Nama :", null, 32, TextField.ANY);<br /> textNama.setLayout(ImageItem.LAYOUT_LEFT | Item.LAYOUT_2);<br /> // write post-init user code here<br /> }<br /> return textNama;<br /> }<br /><br /> public TextField getTextNim() {<br /> if (textNim == null) {<br /> // write pre-init user code here<br /> textNim = new TextField("N I M :", null, 32, TextField.ANY);<br /> textNim.setLayout(ImageItem.LAYOUT_LEFT | ImageItem.LAYOUT_NEWLINE_AFTER | Item.LAYOUT_2);<br /> // write post-init user code here<br /> }<br /> return textNim;<br /> }<br /><br /> public TextField getTextTgllhr() {<br /> if (textTgllhr == null) {<br /> // write pre-init user code here<br /> textTgllhr = new TextField("Tanggal Lahir (dd/mm/yyyy) :", null, 32, TextField.ANY);<br /> textTgllhr.setLayout(ImageItem.LAYOUT_LEFT | ImageItem.LAYOUT_NEWLINE_AFTER | Item.LAYOUT_2);<br /> // write post-init user code here<br /> }<br /> return textTgllhr;<br /> }<br /><br /> public ChoiceGroup getCgJnsKelamin() {<br /> if (CgJnsKelamin == null) {<br /> // write pre-init user code here<br /> CgJnsKelamin = new ChoiceGroup("Jenis Kelamin :", Choice.POPUP);<br /> CgJnsKelamin.append("Laki-laki", null);<br /> CgJnsKelamin.append("Perempuan", null);<br /> CgJnsKelamin.setLayout(ImageItem.LAYOUT_LEFT | ImageItem.LAYOUT_NEWLINE_AFTER | Item.LAYOUT_2);<br /> CgJnsKelamin.setSelectedFlags(new boolean[]{true, false});<br /> // write post-init user code here<br /> }<br /> return CgJnsKelamin;<br /> }<br /><br /> public ChoiceGroup getCgProdi() {<br /> if (CgProdi == null) {<br /> // write pre-init user code here<br /> CgProdi = new ChoiceGroup("Prodi :", Choice.EXCLUSIVE);<br /> CgProdi.append("Teknik Informatika", null);<br /> CgProdi.append("Sistem Informasi", null);<br /> CgProdi.setLayout(ImageItem.LAYOUT_LEFT | ImageItem.LAYOUT_NEWLINE_AFTER | Item.LAYOUT_2);<br /> CgProdi.setSelectedFlags(new boolean[]{false, false});<br /> // write post-init user code here<br /> }<br /> return CgProdi;<br /> }<br />//</editor-fold><br /><br />//<editor-fold defaultstate="collapsed" desc=" Generated Getter: exitCommand "><br /> /**<br /> * Returns an initialized instance of exitCommand component.<br /> *<br /> * @return the initialized component instance<br /> */<br /> public Command getExitCommand() {<br /> if (exitCommand == null) {<br /> // write pre-init user code here<br /> exitCommand = new Command("Exit", Command.EXIT, 0);<br /> // write post-init user code here<br /> }<br /> return exitCommand;<br /> }<br /><br /> public Command getOkCommand() {<br /> if (okCommand == null) {<br /> // write pre-init user code here<br /> okCommand = new Command("Ok", Command.OK, 0);<br /> // write post-init user code here<br /> }<br /> return okCommand;<br /> }<br /><br /> public Form getFormHasil() {<br /> if (formHasil == null) {<br /> // write pre-init user code here<br />
formHasil = new Form("Form Hasil Rekam", new Item[]{getItemNama(),
getItemNim(), getItemTgllhr(), getItemJnsKelamin(), getItemProdi()});<br /> formHasil.addCommand(getBackCommand());<br /> formHasil.addCommand(getExitCommand1());<br /> formHasil.setCommandListener(this);<br /> // write post-init user code here<br /> }<br /> return formHasil;<br /> }<br /><br /> public StringItem getItemNama() {<br /> if (itemNama == null) {<br /> // write pre-init user code here<br /> itemNama = new StringItem("Nama :", textNama.getString());<br /> // write post-init user code here<br /> }<br /> return itemNama;<br /> }<br /><br /> public StringItem getItemNim() {<br /> if (itemNim == null) {<br /> // write pre-init user code here<br /> itemNim = new StringItem("N I M :", textNim.getString());<br /> // write post-init user code here<br /> }<br /> return itemNim;<br /> }<br /><br /> public StringItem getItemTgllhr() {<br /> if (itemTgllhr == null) {<br /> // write pre-init user code here<br /> itemTgllhr = new StringItem("Tanggal Lahir :", textTgllhr.getString());<br /> // write post-init user code here<br /> }<br /> return itemTgllhr;<br /> }<br /><br /> public StringItem getItemJnsKelamin() {<br /> if (itemJnsKelamin == null) {<br /> // write pre-init user code here<br /> itemJnsKelamin = new StringItem("Jenis Kelamin :", CgJnsKelamin.getString(CgJnsKelamin.getSelectedIndex()));<br /> // write post-init user code here<br /> }<br /> return itemJnsKelamin;<br /> }<br /><br /> public StringItem getItemProdi() {<br /> if (itemProdi == null) {<br /> // write pre-init user code here<br /> itemProdi = new StringItem("Prodi :", CgProdi.getString(CgProdi.getSelectedIndex()));<br /> // write post-init user code here<br /> }<br /> return itemProdi;<br /> }<br /><br /> public Command getBackCommand() {<br /> if (backCommand == null) {<br /> // write pre-init user code here<br /> backCommand = new Command("Kembali", Command.SCREEN, 0);<br /> // write post-init user code here<br /> }<br /> return backCommand;<br /> }<br /><br /> public Command getExitCommand1() {<br /> if (exitCommand1 == null) {<br /> // write pre-init user code here<br /> exitCommand1 = new Command("Keluar", Command.SCREEN, 0);<br /> // write post-init user code here<br /> }<br /> return exitCommand1;<br /> }<br /><br /> public Command getExitCommand2() {<br /> if (exitCommand2 == null) {<br /> // write pre-init user code here<br /> exitCommand2 = new Command("Keluar", Command.SCREEN, 0);<br /> // write post-init user code here<br /> }<br /> return exitCommand2;<br /> }<br /><br /> public Command getOkCommand1() {<br /> if (okCommand1 == null) {<br /> // write pre-init user code here<br /> okCommand1 = new Command("Ok", Command.OK, 0);<br /> // write post-init user code here<br /> }<br /> return okCommand1;<br /> }</span></span></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;"></span></span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;"></span></span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;"> public Image getImage1() {<br /> if (image1 == null) { <br /> // write pre-init user code here<br /> try { <br /> image1 = Image.createImage("/paketRekam/logo_unkris.png");<br /> } catch (java.io.IOException e) </span></span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;"> { <br /> } <br /> // write post-init user code here<br /> } <br /> return image1;<br /> }<br /><br /> public Display getDisplay() {<br /> return Display.getDisplay(this);<br /> }<br /><br /> /**<br /> * Exits MIDlet.<br /> */<br /> public void exitMIDlet() {<br /> switchDisplayable(null, null);<br /> destroyApp(true);<br /> notifyDestroyed();<br /> }<br /><br /> public void startApp() {<br /> if (midletPaused) {<br /> resumeMIDlet();<br /> } else {<br /> initialize();<br /> startMIDlet();<br /> }<br /> midletPaused = false;<br /> }<br /><br /> public void pauseApp() {<br /> midletPaused = true;<br /> }<br /><br /> public void destroyApp(boolean unconditional) {<br /> }<br />}</span></span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><br /></span></span>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">dan berikut ini tampilannya :</span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><br /></span></span>
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<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiCwSfxUPwe8zSHgYuGoC4drScs4S4WlOLxdwfcgMQrhELEaAaziyaUQ-DVjG176q7tdsEmU6VF1MkPgWHD3tiRaMqyt2COjZvnignOqny2W-mBrizDlaQUmaQlHQdXK02WgdRZt2eOLw4/s1600/gbr6.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiCwSfxUPwe8zSHgYuGoC4drScs4S4WlOLxdwfcgMQrhELEaAaziyaUQ-DVjG176q7tdsEmU6VF1MkPgWHD3tiRaMqyt2COjZvnignOqny2W-mBrizDlaQUmaQlHQdXK02WgdRZt2eOLw4/s1600/gbr6.jpg" height="400" width="171" /></a></div>
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<span style="color: blue;"><span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Terima kasih atas perhatiannya dan dimohon komentarnya.</span></b></span></span></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="color: blue;"><span style="font-size: large;"><b>Semoga Sukses Selalu</b></span></span></span></span></div>
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benhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08280500851980226983noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6297901946487315682.post-41984006626956984582015-01-15T05:03:00.003-08:002015-01-15T07:04:21.205-08:00<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="color: orange; font-size: large;"><b><span style="font-size: x-large;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">TUTORIAL-1 </span></span></b></span></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><b>LANGKAH-LANGKAH MEMBUAT PROJECT J2ME</b></span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><b>INSERT DATA SECARA VISUAL MIDlet</b></span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><b>DENGAN IDE NETBEANS </b></span></span></div>
<br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiYKZMBJckr-onbcsDUWE0TQnIQQfwjbAXY9HqgM8G5akfEjzWCrspwKH98IVu1amN1wZ_ue1VoFUnmAsYwW19iGKbzBygrgeLcouixZl8spIRlxxmpzSj3rZtWz-h9rQ8IRgs4ga2yvio/s1600/logo_j2me.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiYKZMBJckr-onbcsDUWE0TQnIQQfwjbAXY9HqgM8G5akfEjzWCrspwKH98IVu1amN1wZ_ue1VoFUnmAsYwW19iGKbzBygrgeLcouixZl8spIRlxxmpzSj3rZtWz-h9rQ8IRgs4ga2yvio/s1600/logo_j2me.png" height="190" width="320" /></a></div>
<br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Pada kesempatan ini saya akan membagikan sedikit pengetahuan tentang langkah-langkah membuat project pada pemrograman J2ME menggunakan Netbeans.</span><br />
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<a name='more'></a><br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Artikel ini menjelaskan tentang cara memulai
membuat aplikasi J2ME (aplikasi Java untuk perangkat kecil, seperti
selular,PDA dan lainnya) tanpa menuliskan kode kode programming
(source-code) sedikitpun, karena artikel ini ditujukan kepada programmer
yang belum pernah membuat aplikasi J2ME, mungkin tidak sedikit
programmer desktop PC yang merasa terlalu sulit untuk membuat aplikasi
J2ME untuk selular, mudah-mudahan artikel singkat ini bisa memberikan
penjelasan yang cukup dan memberikan semangat yang positif untuk memulai
membuat aplikasi J2ME. </span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Membuat aplikasi J2ME tidak memerlukan banyak
software yang rumit atau besar, salah satu software yang pasti
diperlukan adalah J2SE SDK/JDK,dalam J2SE SDK/JDK ini terdapat runtime
dan library untuk program Java secara umum termasuk juga untuk J2ME,
pada saat artikel ini ditulis telah ada J2SE SDK v1.4.2 atau diatasnya. Untuk menulis
source-code J2ME, maka kita memerlukan sebuah J2ME IDE
(Integrated Development Environment), ada beberapa pilihan IDE yang
diantaranya adalah Netbeans, Sun One Java Studio Mobility, CodeWarrior
dan notepad (atau text editor lainnya),
untungnya semua software IDE yang disebutkan ini dapat didownload gratis
di website resmi masing-masing perusahaan, jadi untuk membuat program
J2ME maka pihak developer tidak perlu mengeluarkan uang sama sekali
untuk membeli software IDE. </span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Pada artikel ini yang diulas adalah IDE dari
Netbeans v7.1.2 dengan tambahan Netbeans Mobility Pack v4.1, tambahan ini
diperlukan untuk membuat aplikasi J2ME, karena jika hanya dengan Netbean
v7.1.2 hanya dapat membuat aplikasi Java saja, Netbeans Mobility Pack
adalah module-module aplikasi J2ME dan emulator device untuk testing
dalam PC. IDE lainnya boleh dicoba tapi dianjurkan memakai Netbeans v7.1.2
karena versi ini sangat mudah dioperasikan dan dirasakan cukup cepat
dibanding IDE lainnya dalam hal loading, compiling, running dan
debugging.</span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Langkah yang dilakukan untuk memulai pembuatan aplikasi J2ME
adalah:<br />1. Install J2SE SDK v1.4.2<br />2. Install Netbeans v7.1.2 </span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">3. Install Netbeans Mobility Pack v4.1</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">4. Install J2ME Platmform SDK 3.0.5 atau diatasnya </span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Bagi yang baru belajar J2ME Silahkan mempelajari video tutorial dibawah ini : </span><br />
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<div style="text-align: center;">
<iframe allowfullscreen='allowfullscreen' webkitallowfullscreen='webkitallowfullscreen' mozallowfullscreen='mozallowfullscreen' width='320' height='266' src='https://www.blogger.com/video.g?token=AD6v5dywqAWEV7bvMJKuzFY2OifYP3DxgIOFqXFEGl1_rrMF88FkatSMQr-paHu2RAjwTbiJu2X072U2qbnPwM_hEQ' class='b-hbp-video b-uploaded' frameborder='0'></iframe></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">ini adalah source codenya :</span><br />
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;"><br /></span></span>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;"><br />package paketRekam;<br /><br />import javax.microedition.lcdui.*;<br />import javax.microedition.midlet.MIDlet;<br /><br />/**<br /> * @author benpro<br /> */<br />public class RekamMIDlet extends MIDlet implements CommandListener {<br /> <br /> private boolean midletPaused = false;<br /><br />//<editor-fold defaultstate="collapsed" desc=" Generated Fields "><br /> private Form formRekam;<br /> private TextField textNama;<br /> private TextField textTgllhr;<br /> private TextField textNim;<br /> private ChoiceGroup CgProdi;<br /> private ChoiceGroup CgJnsKelamin;<br /> private Form formHasil;<br /> private StringItem itemNama;<br /> private StringItem itemNim;<br /> private StringItem itemProdi;<br /> private StringItem itemTgllhr;<br /> private StringItem itemJnsKelamin;<br /> private Command exitCommand;<br /> private Command okCommand;<br /> private Command backCommand;<br /> private Command exitCommand1;<br /> private Command okCommand1;<br /> private Command exitCommand2;<br /> private Image image1;<br />//</editor-fold><br /> /**<br /> * The RekamMIDlet constructor.<br /> */<br /> public RekamMIDlet() {<br /> }<br /><br /><br /> private void initialize() {<br /> // write pre-initialize user code here<br /><br /> // write post-initialize user code here<br /> }<br /><br /> public void startMIDlet() {<br /> // write pre-action user code here<br /> switchDisplayable(null, getFormRekam());<br /> // write post-action user code here<br /> }<br /><br /> public void resumeMIDlet() {<br /> // write pre-action user code here<br /><br /> // write post-action user code here<br /> }<br /><br /> public void switchDisplayable(Alert alert, Displayable nextDisplayable) {<br /> // write pre-switch user code here<br /> Display display = getDisplay();<br /> if (alert == null) {<br /> display.setCurrent(nextDisplayable);<br /> } else {<br /> display.setCurrent(alert, nextDisplayable);<br /> }<br /> // write post-switch user code here<br /> }<br /><br /> public void commandAction(Command command, Displayable displayable) {<br /> // write pre-action user code here<br /> if (displayable == formHasil) {<br /> if (command == backCommand) {<br /> // write pre-action user code here<br /> switchDisplayable(null, getFormRekam());<br /> // write post-action user code here<br /> } else if (command == exitCommand1) {<br /> // write pre-action user code here<br /> exitMIDlet();<br /> // write post-action user code here<br /> }<br /> } else if (displayable == formRekam) {<br /> if (command == exitCommand) {<br /> // write pre-action user code here<br /> exitMIDlet();<br /> // write post-action user code here<br /> } else if (command == okCommand) {<br /> // write pre-action user code here<br /> switchDisplayable(null, getFormHasil());<br /> // write post-action user code here<br /> }<br /> }<br /> // write post-action user code here<br /> }<br /><br /> public Form getFormRekam() {<br /> if (formRekam == null) {<br /> // write pre-init user code here<br /> formRekam = new Form("Form Rekam Data", new Item[]{getTextNama(), getTextNim(), getTextTgllhr(), getCgJnsKelamin(), getCgProdi()});<br /> formRekam.addCommand(getOkCommand());<br /> formRekam.addCommand(getExitCommand());<br /> formRekam.setCommandListener(this);<br /> // write post-init user code here<br /> }<br /> return formRekam;<br /> }<br /><br /> public TextField getTextNama() {<br /> if (textNama == null) {<br /> // write pre-init user code here<br /> textNama = new TextField("Nama :", null, 32, TextField.ANY);<br /> textNama.setLayout(ImageItem.LAYOUT_LEFT | Item.LAYOUT_2);<br /> // write post-init user code here<br /> }<br /> return textNama;<br /> }<br /><br /> public TextField getTextNim() {<br /> if (textNim == null) {<br /> // write pre-init user code here<br /> textNim = new TextField("N I M :", null, 32, TextField.ANY);<br /> textNim.setLayout(ImageItem.LAYOUT_LEFT | ImageItem.LAYOUT_NEWLINE_AFTER | Item.LAYOUT_2);<br /> // write post-init user code here<br /> }<br /> return textNim;<br /> }<br /><br /> public TextField getTextTgllhr() {<br /> if (textTgllhr == null) {<br /> // write pre-init user code here<br /> textTgllhr = new TextField("Tanggal Lahir (dd/mm/yyyy) :", null, 32, TextField.ANY);<br /> textTgllhr.setLayout(ImageItem.LAYOUT_LEFT | ImageItem.LAYOUT_NEWLINE_AFTER | Item.LAYOUT_2);<br /> // write post-init user code here<br /> }<br /> return textTgllhr;<br /> }<br /><br /> public ChoiceGroup getCgJnsKelamin() {<br /> if (CgJnsKelamin == null) {<br /> // write pre-init user code here<br /> CgJnsKelamin = new ChoiceGroup("Jenis Kelamin :", Choice.POPUP);<br /> CgJnsKelamin.append("Laki-laki", null);<br /> CgJnsKelamin.append("Perempuan", null);<br /> CgJnsKelamin.setLayout(ImageItem.LAYOUT_LEFT | ImageItem.LAYOUT_NEWLINE_AFTER | Item.LAYOUT_2);<br /> CgJnsKelamin.setSelectedFlags(new boolean[]{true, false});<br /> // write post-init user code here<br /> }<br /> return CgJnsKelamin;<br /> }<br /><br /> public ChoiceGroup getCgProdi() {<br /> if (CgProdi == null) {<br /> // write pre-init user code here<br /> CgProdi = new ChoiceGroup("Prodi :", Choice.EXCLUSIVE);<br /> CgProdi.append("Teknik Informatika", null);<br /> CgProdi.append("Sistem Informasi", null);<br /> CgProdi.setLayout(ImageItem.LAYOUT_LEFT | ImageItem.LAYOUT_NEWLINE_AFTER | Item.LAYOUT_2);<br /> CgProdi.setSelectedFlags(new boolean[]{false, false});<br /> // write post-init user code here<br /> }<br /> return CgProdi;<br /> }<br />//</editor-fold><br /><br />//<editor-fold defaultstate="collapsed" desc=" Generated Getter: exitCommand "><br /> /**<br /> * Returns an initialized instance of exitCommand component.<br /> *<br /> * @return the initialized component instance<br /> */<br /> public Command getExitCommand() {<br /> if (exitCommand == null) {<br /> // write pre-init user code here<br /> exitCommand = new Command("Exit", Command.EXIT, 0);<br /> // write post-init user code here<br /> }<br /> return exitCommand;<br /> }<br /><br /> public Command getOkCommand() {<br /> if (okCommand == null) {<br /> // write pre-init user code here<br /> okCommand = new Command("Ok", Command.OK, 0);<br /> // write post-init user code here<br /> }<br /> return okCommand;<br /> }<br /><br /> public Form getFormHasil() {<br /> if (formHasil == null) {<br /> // write pre-init user code here<br /> formHasil = new Form("Form Hasil Rekam", new Item[]{getItemNama(), getItemNim(), getItemTgllhr(), getItemJnsKelamin(), getItemProdi()});<br /> formHasil.addCommand(getBackCommand());<br /> formHasil.addCommand(getExitCommand1());<br /> formHasil.setCommandListener(this);<br /> // write post-init user code here<br /> }<br /> return formHasil;<br /> }<br /><br /> public StringItem getItemNama() {<br /> if (itemNama == null) {<br /> // write pre-init user code here<br /> itemNama = new StringItem("Nama :", textNama.getString());<br /> // write post-init user code here<br /> }<br /> return itemNama;<br /> }<br /><br /> public StringItem getItemNim() {<br /> if (itemNim == null) {<br /> // write pre-init user code here<br /> itemNim = new StringItem("N I M :", textNim.getString());<br /> // write post-init user code here<br /> }<br /> return itemNim;<br /> }<br /><br /> public StringItem getItemTgllhr() {<br /> if (itemTgllhr == null) {<br /> // write pre-init user code here<br /> itemTgllhr = new StringItem("Tanggal Lahir :", textTgllhr.getString());<br /> // write post-init user code here<br /> }<br /> return itemTgllhr;<br /> }<br /><br /> public StringItem getItemJnsKelamin() {<br /> if (itemJnsKelamin == null) {<br /> // write pre-init user code here<br /> itemJnsKelamin = new StringItem("Jenis Kelamin :", CgJnsKelamin.getString(CgJnsKelamin.getSelectedIndex()));<br /> // write post-init user code here<br /> }<br /> return itemJnsKelamin;<br /> }<br /><br /> public StringItem getItemProdi() {<br /> if (itemProdi == null) {<br /> // write pre-init user code here<br /> itemProdi = new StringItem("Prodi :", CgProdi.getString(CgProdi.getSelectedIndex()));<br /> // write post-init user code here<br /> }<br /> return itemProdi;<br /> }<br /><br /> public Command getBackCommand() {<br /> if (backCommand == null) {<br /> // write pre-init user code here<br /> backCommand = new Command("Kembali", Command.SCREEN, 0);<br /> // write post-init user code here<br /> }<br /> return backCommand;<br /> }<br /><br /> public Command getExitCommand1() {<br /> if (exitCommand1 == null) {<br /> // write pre-init user code here<br /> exitCommand1 = new Command("Keluar", Command.SCREEN, 0);<br /> // write post-init user code here<br /> }<br /> return exitCommand1;<br /> }<br /><br /> public Command getExitCommand2() {<br /> if (exitCommand2 == null) {<br /> // write pre-init user code here<br /> exitCommand2 = new Command("Keluar", Command.SCREEN, 0);<br /> // write post-init user code here<br /> }<br /> return exitCommand2;<br /> }<br /><br /> public Command getOkCommand1() {<br /> if (okCommand1 == null) {<br /> // write pre-init user code here<br /> okCommand1 = new Command("Ok", Command.OK, 0);<br /> // write post-init user code here<br /> }<br /> return okCommand1;<br /> }<br /><br /> /**<br /> * Returns a display instance.<br /> *<br /> * @return the display instance.<br /> */<br /> public Display getDisplay() {<br /> return Display.getDisplay(this);<br /> }<br /><br /> /**<br /> * Exits MIDlet.<br /> */<br /> public void exitMIDlet() {<br /> switchDisplayable(null, null);<br /> destroyApp(true);<br /> notifyDestroyed();<br /> }<br /><br /> public void startApp() {<br /> if (midletPaused) {<br /> resumeMIDlet();<br /> } else {<br /> initialize();<br /> startMIDlet();<br /> }<br /> midletPaused = false;<br /> }<br /><br /> public void pauseApp() {<br /> midletPaused = true;<br /> }<br /><br /> public void destroyApp(boolean unconditional) {<br /> }<br />}</span></span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">dan ini gambar tampilannya :</span><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg5EILdxMP24z9BaMP2bijdBOvpX-OmsJg1SDkkRtaS89EWSVQF1CEDdCVl1pTmKTWWyrqmEOHYxoOpwyLDtEiVb9vN5xIFCWRZgpZeZYOJyNZeIzk3Bb6_L4Ul_cOUWR89joPpuA23Umw/s1600/buat32.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg5EILdxMP24z9BaMP2bijdBOvpX-OmsJg1SDkkRtaS89EWSVQF1CEDdCVl1pTmKTWWyrqmEOHYxoOpwyLDtEiVb9vN5xIFCWRZgpZeZYOJyNZeIzk3Bb6_L4Ul_cOUWR89joPpuA23Umw/s1600/buat32.jpg" height="400" width="190" /></a></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg5EILdxMP24z9BaMP2bijdBOvpX-OmsJg1SDkkRtaS89EWSVQF1CEDdCVl1pTmKTWWyrqmEOHYxoOpwyLDtEiVb9vN5xIFCWRZgpZeZYOJyNZeIzk3Bb6_L4Ul_cOUWR89joPpuA23Umw/s1600/buat32.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><br /></a></div>
Tombol <b>Ok</b> ditekan menghasilkan :<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiYUiNZElOKl1DrCl2xNz9OR08UB50LtiXf2Tnt3vA_kuHtEWPBGYQ6ZlvB3Jb6ErQ-sSwKhw2JlW5AaILZmM2MXo-c2sbT-JuhO140cM3MMgj6JPNvikmciW5MFNYFS85plJQy6kfTUH8/s1600/buat33.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiYUiNZElOKl1DrCl2xNz9OR08UB50LtiXf2Tnt3vA_kuHtEWPBGYQ6ZlvB3Jb6ErQ-sSwKhw2JlW5AaILZmM2MXo-c2sbT-JuhO140cM3MMgj6JPNvikmciW5MFNYFS85plJQy6kfTUH8/s1600/buat33.jpg" height="400" width="190" /></a></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><br /></span>
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<span style="color: blue;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">Selamat Mencoba Semoga Berhasil....</span></span></span></div>
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<b>Untuk video tutorial insert gambar atau image saya bahas pada entri selanjutnya ...</b>benhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08280500851980226983noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6297901946487315682.post-50515881712933809472014-09-16T00:08:00.000-07:002016-04-07T21:27:04.477-07:00SEJARAH PERKEMBANGAN ALAT HITUNG<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<span style="color: #cccccc;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg_cPO9v1AL7gqEiUEj4aVLXR8y-EaMmBW17eY3mrEfGXK7JYJG_X2fWBLLJulalCjvKcKq5zJPN9xpRGVw7eMwmpijHyT5uRBoKRqxklV04-AS5hHVkdpP8_-pAuiC1W7dW-gTNs1netE/s1600/bahasa+kuno.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg_cPO9v1AL7gqEiUEj4aVLXR8y-EaMmBW17eY3mrEfGXK7JYJG_X2fWBLLJulalCjvKcKq5zJPN9xpRGVw7eMwmpijHyT5uRBoKRqxklV04-AS5hHVkdpP8_-pAuiC1W7dW-gTNs1netE/s1600/bahasa+kuno.JPG" width="199" /></a><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgUZ6tLTV6zwXrFTmY8QQHMvKWdf2WvsT2EBL9iakZKoxAv0apt1IABhv0L2fF3bg76k2NNYSYN8pwlhgvYHnDSLmtQP_C2ekFvh60-5TU_0UW65LwPciMZyBRn-FRpymPS8yrxO6kA3l4/s1600/Yupana(sempoa_inca).GIF" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgUZ6tLTV6zwXrFTmY8QQHMvKWdf2WvsT2EBL9iakZKoxAv0apt1IABhv0L2fF3bg76k2NNYSYN8pwlhgvYHnDSLmtQP_C2ekFvh60-5TU_0UW65LwPciMZyBRn-FRpymPS8yrxO6kA3l4/s1600/Yupana(sempoa_inca).GIF" width="320" /></a></span></div>
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<span style="color: #cccccc;"><b><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial; mso-themecolor: text1;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span></b><b><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;">ABACUS (SEMPOA)</span></b></span></div>
<span style="color: #cccccc;">
</span><br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<span style="color: #cccccc;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEipocZaOokyisa9N-vqlAQzwFYw1OMTXLCvOd2rbfbu6BDM3LD9b9S8JqJT9zBqCcjgKDZuu2lpM1swus2O1kJAKEoFhvFDpfCP1qpVs7yl4PRATQz8AtkO5ENiRn3-lenePu6gQKk5Nrg/s1600/sempoa.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="206" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEipocZaOokyisa9N-vqlAQzwFYw1OMTXLCvOd2rbfbu6BDM3LD9b9S8JqJT9zBqCcjgKDZuu2lpM1swus2O1kJAKEoFhvFDpfCP1qpVs7yl4PRATQz8AtkO5ENiRn3-lenePu6gQKk5Nrg/s1600/sempoa.png" width="400" /></a></span></div>
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<br />
<div style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 1.0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #cccccc;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">Di Asia ribuan tahun yang lalu,
orang-orang Tiongkok menggunakan <b>Abakus</b> yang mereka sebut <b>Suan-pan</b>
(<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">dibaca swanpan</i>) untuk mempercepat
perhitungan. Orang Indonesia menyebutnya <b>Sipoa</b> atau <b>Senpoa</b>.</span></span></div>
<br />
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<span style="color: #cccccc;"><b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; mso-themecolor: text1;">Sempoa</span></b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; mso-themecolor: text1;"> atau <b>sipoa</b> atau <b>dekak-dekak</b>
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poros berisi <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Manik-manik&action=edit&redlink=1" title="Manik-manik (halaman belum tersedia)"><span style="mso-themecolor: text1; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">manik-manik</span></a>
yang bisa digeser-geserkan. Sempoa digunakan untuk melakukan operasi <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aritmatika" title="Aritmatika"><span style="mso-themecolor: text1; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">aritmatika</span></a> seperti <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Penjumlahan" title="Penjumlahan"><span style="mso-themecolor: text1; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">penjumlahan</span></a>, <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pengurangan" title="Pengurangan"><span style="mso-themecolor: text1; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">pengurangan</span></a>, <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perkalian" title="Perkalian"><span style="mso-themecolor: text1; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">perkalian</span></a>, <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pembagian" title="Pembagian"><span style="mso-themecolor: text1; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">pembagian</span></a> dan <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Akar_kuadrat" title="Akar kuadrat"><span style="mso-themecolor: text1; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">akar kuadrat</span></a>.</span></span></div>
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<span style="color: #cccccc;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; mso-themecolor: text1;">Sempoa telah digunakan berabad-abad sebelum dikenalnya <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sistem_bilangan_Hindu_Arab&action=edit&redlink=1" title="Sistem bilangan Hindu Arab (halaman belum tersedia)"><span style="mso-themecolor: text1; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">sistem bilangan Hindu Arab</span></a> dan sampai sekarang masih digunakan
pedagang di berbagai belahan dunia seperti di <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tiongkok" title="Tiongkok"><span style="mso-themecolor: text1; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Tiongkok</span></a>.</span></span></div>
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<span style="color: #cccccc;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; mso-themecolor: text1;">Sempoa sering digunakan sebagai alat hitung bagi <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tuna_netra" title="Tuna netra"><span style="mso-themecolor: text1; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">tuna netra</span></a> karena manik-manik pada sempoa dapat dengan mudah
dirasakan dengan jari-jari. Sehelai kain lembut atau selembar karet biasanya
diletakkan dibawah sempoa untuk mencegah manik-manik bergerak secara tidak
sengaja.</span></span></div>
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<span style="color: #cccccc;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; mso-themecolor: text1;">Asal-usul sempoa sulit dilacak karena alat hitung yang
mirip-mirip sempoa banyak dikenal di berbagai kebudayaan di dunia. Konon sempoa
sudah ada di <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Babilonia" title="Babilonia"><span style="mso-themecolor: text1; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Babilonia</span></a> dan di <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tiongkok" title="Tiongkok"><span style="mso-themecolor: text1; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Tiongkok</span></a> sekitar tahun 2400 SM dan 300 SM. Orang zaman kuno
menghitung dengan membuat garis-garis dan meletakkan batu-batu di atas pasir
yang merupakan bentuk awal dari berbagai macam variasi sempoa.</span></span></div>
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<span style="color: #cccccc;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; mso-themecolor: text1;">Dalam <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahasa_Inggris" title="Bahasa Inggris"><span style="mso-themecolor: text1; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">bahasa Inggris</span></a>, sempoa dikenal dengan nama <b>abacus.</b>
Penggunaan kata abacus sudah dimulai sejak tahun <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/1387" title="1387"><span style="mso-themecolor: text1; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">1387</span></a>,
meminjam kata dalam <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahasa_Latin" title="Bahasa Latin"><span style="mso-themecolor: text1; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">bahasa Latin</span></a> <i>abakos</i> yang berasal
dari kata <i>abax</i> yang dalam <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahasa_Yunani" title="Bahasa Yunani"><span style="mso-themecolor: text1; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">bahasa Yunani</span></a> berarti "tabel perhitungan." Dalam
bahasa Yunani, kata <i>abax</i> juga berarti tabel untuk menggambar bentuk-bentuk
geometris di atas debu atau pasir. Ahli <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linguistik" title="Linguistik"><span style="mso-themecolor: text1; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">linguistik</span></a> berspekulasi bahwa kata <i>abax</i> berasal dari
kata ābāq yang dalam <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahasa_Ibrani" title="Bahasa Ibrani"><span style="mso-themecolor: text1; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">bahasa Ibrani</span></a> yang berarti
"debu." Pendapat lain mengatakan abacus berasal dari kata <i>abak</i>
yang dalam keluarga <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahasa_Fenisia" title="Bahasa Fenisia"><span style="mso-themecolor: text1; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">bahasa Fenisia</span></a> berarti
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ini dianggap sebagai awal mula mesin komputasi yang muncul pada 5000 tahun yang
lalu, dan merupakan alat perhitungan kuno yang digunakan oleh bangsa Romawi
kuno dan Yunani kuno. Abacus pada masa ini di pakai oleh para pedagang untuk
menghitung transaksi perdagangan, dan abacus hingga kini masih digunakan di
Cina serta beberapa negara di Asia, seiring dengan munculnya pensil dan kertas.
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<span style="color: #cccccc;"><b><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial; mso-themecolor: text1;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span></b><b><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-themecolor: text1;">NAPIER’S BONES
(TULANG-TULANG NAPIER)</span></b></span></div>
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</b></span><span style="color: #cccccc;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 1.0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm;">
<span style="background-color: #444444;"><span style="color: #cccccc;"><span style="background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto auto;">John Napier
(1550 – 1617) adalah seorang ahli matgematika asal Scotlandia yang mengubah
bentuk perkalian yang dirasakan membosaknkan ke bentuk penjumlahan. Ia membuat
tongkat-tongkat dari tulang dank arena bentuknya yang memanjang dan menerupai
tulang untuk perkalian sehingga dikenal dengan <span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Napier’s Bone</span> (Tulang-tulang Napier).</span></span></span></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="color: #cccccc;"><b> </b><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgmvOfjc8AuHgEIPzSGi-Wrl4-BkY-yRlRJdXiyKaz6aIydw6I4-bCCAPY3_a_dTs2igCGJ00InOcFFeBv1fQBQQ-xpDjkuA7JFsY5ajheOWVosPw6fkd0Fbb9ufB7wCy-HpTxbATtBZI8/s1600/bones_of_napier_board_and_rods.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgmvOfjc8AuHgEIPzSGi-Wrl4-BkY-yRlRJdXiyKaz6aIydw6I4-bCCAPY3_a_dTs2igCGJ00InOcFFeBv1fQBQQ-xpDjkuA7JFsY5ajheOWVosPw6fkd0Fbb9ufB7wCy-HpTxbATtBZI8/s1600/bones_of_napier_board_and_rods.png" /></a></span></div>
<span style="color: #cccccc;"><br /></span>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 1.0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm;">
<span style="color: #cccccc;">Napier adalah penemu logaritma di tahun 1594 dan ditulis dalam sebuah buku di tahun 1614</span></div>
<span style="color: #cccccc;"><br /></span>
<br />
<div align="left" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 1.0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-align: left; text-indent: -1.0cm;">
<span style="color: #cccccc;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial; mso-themecolor: text1;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span></b><b><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;">MISTAR GESER</span></b><span style="background: white; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;"> </span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 1.0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm;">
<span style="color: #cccccc;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<span style="color: #cccccc;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjVvgU16SvbquhjsVbf0glO622vJEo8wy3uKekSBygl3SjZWhi1g8FixCeGQoEMkuFjZfHzaKQA_F1UuxxXulR0GNBRtsO6DcjAEhdQ69ukXQL0O5ZdjVnii2vtMykOvUBQQwIxERshk8U/s1600/oughtred-3.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjVvgU16SvbquhjsVbf0glO622vJEo8wy3uKekSBygl3SjZWhi1g8FixCeGQoEMkuFjZfHzaKQA_F1UuxxXulR0GNBRtsO6DcjAEhdQ69ukXQL0O5ZdjVnii2vtMykOvUBQQwIxERshk8U/s1600/oughtred-3.jpg" width="164" /></a><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh8PgV96jrHkxKqpkkie7J47gUOerNOFYFOpsSENhpxwRDn1CLXutkbd8GRvPxADlYrap8m2m5_DGY33DwPp9kNfZTvxWfziiMSFAWNwLhroAHLCrJlNUMea6poz6z2lwGgmnbOAgVE3Ao/s1600/2339629181_ef18d3fbb1.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="150" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh8PgV96jrHkxKqpkkie7J47gUOerNOFYFOpsSENhpxwRDn1CLXutkbd8GRvPxADlYrap8m2m5_DGY33DwPp9kNfZTvxWfziiMSFAWNwLhroAHLCrJlNUMea6poz6z2lwGgmnbOAgVE3Ao/s1600/2339629181_ef18d3fbb1.jpg" width="200" /></a></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 1.0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm;">
<span style="color: #cccccc;"><b><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;">William Oughtred </span></b><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;">(1514 - 1660), seorang ahli matematika Inggris yang</span> menemukan
lambang : </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 46.35pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="color: #cccccc;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial; mso-themecolor: text1;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span>”X” untuk perkalian.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 46.35pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="color: #cccccc;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial; mso-themecolor: text1;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span>”:” untuk perbandingan. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 1.0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm;">
<span style="color: #cccccc;">Oughtred mengenalkan lambang ”X”
dalam bukunya yang berjudul “clavis mathematicae”. William Oughtred juga menuliskan 150 lambang matematika. Serta menciptakan Mistar Geser di tahun 1622.<span style="background: white; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;"> </span></span><br />
<span style="background-color: #444444;"><span style="color: #cccccc;"><span style="background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto auto;">Alat ini pengembangan dari Tulang Napier yang sudah ada, dengan dilengkapi hasil operasi perhitungan perkalian dan pembagian dengan penambahan dan pengurangan.</span></span></span></div>
<div align="left" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 1.0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1; mso-outline-level: 3; text-align: left; text-indent: -1.0cm;">
<span style="color: #cccccc;"><b><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial; mso-themecolor: text1;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">4.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span></b><b><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;">KALKULATOR RODA NUMERIK</span></b></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 1.0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -1.0cm;">
<span style="color: #cccccc;"></span></div>
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<span style="color: #cccccc;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<span style="color: #cccccc;"><b><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjZA4ka8d0-OnGYuyTrcWnznyVZ6UYJDnTmWiCKSZFjR69zGcBvQyXEt9EmiX_blecxNbBHSDXLE_REow7l7V4uQjRZY25XP_X04lrhrBaEsu7b8REWwYdaHL8l9e3rex7qRf-IVd2h5Z4/s1600/blaisepascal.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjZA4ka8d0-OnGYuyTrcWnznyVZ6UYJDnTmWiCKSZFjR69zGcBvQyXEt9EmiX_blecxNbBHSDXLE_REow7l7V4uQjRZY25XP_X04lrhrBaEsu7b8REWwYdaHL8l9e3rex7qRf-IVd2h5Z4/s1600/blaisepascal.jpg" width="143" /></a><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjBJC3V9sYfLVYtrRQJYkSFMhzIWQbbpgDXQyrRXPa8sgH8l4quZEpyo2CMU50wCG91lYCRxbzy02hwtJhaNzMQ69gUiJhWdB9KLg9KDPVm7_512mzHoTZsj6MeZP0Kv9N_ISGkwrtUP5M/s1600/pascaline.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="214" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjBJC3V9sYfLVYtrRQJYkSFMhzIWQbbpgDXQyrRXPa8sgH8l4quZEpyo2CMU50wCG91lYCRxbzy02hwtJhaNzMQ69gUiJhWdB9KLg9KDPVm7_512mzHoTZsj6MeZP0Kv9N_ISGkwrtUP5M/s1600/pascaline.jpg" width="320" /></a></b></span></div>
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<br />
<span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="color: #cccccc; font-size: small;">Pada
tahun 1642, Blaise Pascal (1623 - 1662), seorang ahli matematika dari Perancis, yang pada waktu itu berumur 18 tahun telah
menemukan apa yang ia sebut sebagai kalkulator roda numerik (numerical wheel
calculator).Ketika
itu, benda buatan Pascal ini sengaja ia buat untuk membantu ayahnya dengan
berbagai perhitungan yang diperlukan dalam pekerjaannya sebagai inspektur
pajak. Mesin ini kemudian diberi nama "Arithmatique" atau "Pascaline".
Pascaline menggunakan delapan roda putar bergerigi yang digunakan untuk
menjumlahkan bilangan hingga delapan digit. Alat ini merupakan alat
penghitung bilangan berbasis sepuluh. Mesin buatan Pascal ini merupakan salah
satu mesin pertama di dunia yang menambahkan mekanik didalamnya. Kelemahan alat
ini adalah hanya terbatas untuk melakukan penjumlahan saja.</span></span><br />
<span style="color: #cccccc;"><br /></span>
<br />
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<span style="color: #cccccc;"><br /></span></div>
<div align="left" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 1.0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; mso-outline-level: 3; text-align: left; text-indent: -1.0cm;">
<span style="color: #cccccc;"><b><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial; mso-themecolor: text1;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">5.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span></b><b><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;">KALKULATOR RODA MEKANIK 2</span></b></span></div>
<div align="left" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 1.0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; mso-outline-level: 3; text-align: left; text-indent: -1.0cm;">
<span style="color: #cccccc;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<span style="color: #cccccc;"><b><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgMA7HTVzXKicSYvs8BPyTaikBaRsqdOjo3HD6EiYhbGdAfNyxogwtkA_iL9S6l08IpKw36UL4BXS2I4PxLh2DXL1U9n6KuoI8VD04xdkDfyNoO34z0X445oFotpB8zK3t-j4kX14N74Ys/s1600/index.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="192" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgMA7HTVzXKicSYvs8BPyTaikBaRsqdOjo3HD6EiYhbGdAfNyxogwtkA_iL9S6l08IpKw36UL4BXS2I4PxLh2DXL1U9n6KuoI8VD04xdkDfyNoO34z0X445oFotpB8zK3t-j4kX14N74Ys/s1600/index.jpg" width="320" /></a><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi-JVfFveEGMhoNP_awlhgHFYkgrWHG8eGYRelPelvwGtY3XhkzKFA7-SGEPC-dkgwRC9yLFLDa6XDc8QjjQCwIiyzPR1eqd5I4Z-QTu7GD9-DKQ2VWwG5qUX6PxHGYX3gZP4YtljyAP5Q/s1600/LeibnizCalculator.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="138" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi-JVfFveEGMhoNP_awlhgHFYkgrWHG8eGYRelPelvwGtY3XhkzKFA7-SGEPC-dkgwRC9yLFLDa6XDc8QjjQCwIiyzPR1eqd5I4Z-QTu7GD9-DKQ2VWwG5qUX6PxHGYX3gZP4YtljyAP5Q/s1600/LeibnizCalculator.jpg" width="200" /></a></b></span></div>
<span style="color: #cccccc;"><br /></span>
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<span style="color: #cccccc;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;">Tahun
1694 seorang matematikawan dan filsuf Jerman 'Gottfred Wilhem von Leibniz
(1646-1716)' telah memperbaiki Pascaline dengan membuat mesin yang dapat
mengalikan. Sama seperti pendahulunya, alat mekanik ini bekerja dengan
menggunakan roda-roda bergerigi. Dengan mempelajari catatan dan gambar-gambar
yang dibuat oleh Pascal, Leibniz dapat menyempurnakan alatnya. Barulah pada
tahun 1820, kalkulator mekanik mulai populer. </span></span></div>
<div align="left" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 1.0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: left;">
<span style="color: #cccccc;"><br /></span></div>
<div align="left" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 1.0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; mso-outline-level: 3; text-align: left; text-indent: -1.0cm;">
<span style="color: #cccccc;"><b><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial; mso-themecolor: text1;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">6.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span></b><b><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;">KALKULATOR MEKANIK (ARITHOMETER)</span></b></span></div>
<span style="color: #cccccc;"></span>
<br />
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<span style="color: #cccccc;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<span style="color: #cccccc;"><b><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiDGT_SCP3wG1QYCwsFp8V_qgLz77snBM88GOxQS6N78uJdOaZVUogQLLMHTrU812VLg8ebseI0q7WfOuXaijZasjE4YhjRzjU5-llcZXpWcZEeOFIdcCAgs4ZM2kpSkKf3AUzOYd4Z0eQ/s1600/xavier.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiDGT_SCP3wG1QYCwsFp8V_qgLz77snBM88GOxQS6N78uJdOaZVUogQLLMHTrU812VLg8ebseI0q7WfOuXaijZasjE4YhjRzjU5-llcZXpWcZEeOFIdcCAgs4ZM2kpSkKf3AUzOYd4Z0eQ/s1600/xavier.jpg" /></a><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhicZ-U4gVdVt17wv3cPc0upZnFQHyHYFc0rVJ2CSzso5SiZAWRrL0zLGtyV4T8NdcGyVi82yhAKzpGm8x_7LEIDURROGK_6BIs7g_GwUMcWcjJECNDQpFVpDFmdnMG-GPaJoZGtWGjvC4/s1600/mekanik+1.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhicZ-U4gVdVt17wv3cPc0upZnFQHyHYFc0rVJ2CSzso5SiZAWRrL0zLGtyV4T8NdcGyVi82yhAKzpGm8x_7LEIDURROGK_6BIs7g_GwUMcWcjJECNDQpFVpDFmdnMG-GPaJoZGtWGjvC4/s1600/mekanik+1.JPG" /></a></b></span></div>
<span style="color: #cccccc;"><br /></span>
<span style="color: #cccccc;"><br /></span>
<br />
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<span style="color: #cccccc;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-themecolor: text1;">Kemudian pada tahun 1820, kalkulator
mekanik mulai populer. Charles Xavier Thomas de Colmar menemukan mesin yang
dapat melakukan empat fungsi aritmatika dasar. Kalkulator mekanik Colmar yang
diberi nama arithometer</span><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;">, mempresentasikan pendekatan yang lebih
praktis dalam kalkulasi. karena, alat tersebut dapat </span><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-themecolor: text1;">melakukan penjumlahan, pengurangan, perkalian, dan
pembagian. Dengan kemampuannya, arithometer banyak dipergunakan hingga masa
Perang Dunia I. Bersama-sama dengan ide Pascal dan Leibniz, Colmar membantu
membangun era komputasi mekanikal.</span></span></div>
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<span style="color: #cccccc;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-themecolor: text1;"> </span><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial; mso-themecolor: text1;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"> </span></span></i></b></span></div>
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<span style="color: #cccccc;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial; mso-themecolor: text1;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">7</span></span></span><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial; mso-themecolor: text1;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span></i></b><i><b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-style: normal;">MESIN DIFFERENSIAL</span></b></i></span>
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<span style="color: #cccccc;"><b><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi4B6qUGOUh0FxYxacOMtcz-q-8KXvwrIVIfRuFyGI3IHGuq4HICZOOUEYYlJrlmhDUsiheUh2rnxk-u6kzRKpUCN1gYylNUrxHh3phR5-u9ca1OGRDsxnLcKcSCDiiioT750-farAL8vs/s1600/babage.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi4B6qUGOUh0FxYxacOMtcz-q-8KXvwrIVIfRuFyGI3IHGuq4HICZOOUEYYlJrlmhDUsiheUh2rnxk-u6kzRKpUCN1gYylNUrxHh3phR5-u9ca1OGRDsxnLcKcSCDiiioT750-farAL8vs/s1600/babage.jpg" /></a><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEimQgo_g4iOJJt-aTND0yEmB4VqWg7VK2jf63j7lt9HaNL-6QcImcp7nlV5qTBlt27WlHyHdjNuZCXxpr0DlvR2MQUwDUDEO1jL9xb-S0on7z1VtftxOsNb2FOnw35-0v98dWMIDUq9QnI/s1600/10297676.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="249" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEimQgo_g4iOJJt-aTND0yEmB4VqWg7VK2jf63j7lt9HaNL-6QcImcp7nlV5qTBlt27WlHyHdjNuZCXxpr0DlvR2MQUwDUDEO1jL9xb-S0on7z1VtftxOsNb2FOnw35-0v98dWMIDUq9QnI/s1600/10297676.jpg" width="320" /></a></b></span></div>
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<span style="color: #cccccc;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-themecolor: text1;">Pada tahun 1822 seorang profesor
matematika Inggris, Charles Babbage (1791-1871), menemukan suatu mesin untuk
melakukan perhitungan persamaan diferensial. Mesin tersebut dinamakan Mesin
Diferensial. Tahun 1812, Babbage memperhatikan kesesuaian alam antara
mesin mekanik dan matematika yaitu mesin mekanik yang sangat baik dalam
mengerjakan tugas yang sama berulang kali tanpa kesalahan. Tahun
1822 Babbage mengusulkan mesin untuk melakukan perhitungan persamaan
differensial yang bernama Mesin Differensial yang menggunakan tenaga uap dan
dapat menyimpan program, juga dapat melakukan kalkulasi serta mencetak hasilnya
secara otomatis. Sepuluh Tahun kemudian Babbage tiba-tiba
terinspirasi untuk membuat komputer general-purpose yang pertama, yang disebut
Analytical Engine. Babbage terinspirasi untuk memulai membuat komputer
general-purpose yang pertama, yang disebut Analytical
Engine.
</span></span></div>
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<span style="color: #cccccc;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-themecolor: text1;">Perjalanan mesin hitung yang begitu
panjang dan mempunyai pengaruh begitu besar di dunia, malahan akan menjadi
lebih penting lagi di masa-masa depan. sangat mempengaruhi perkembangan atau
sejarah matematika dan komputerisasi. Rumitnya pembuatan mesin hitung serta
banyaknya manfaat yang diperoleh dari sebuah mesin hitung akhirnya di zaman
modern saat ini dioptimalkan atau dikembangkan kembali menjadi sebuah komputer
dan sistem matematika.</span></span><br />
<span style="color: #cccccc;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-themecolor: text1;">Tahun 1834 ia mempunyai ide untuk membuat mesin hitung yang dapat diprogram atau mesin hitung analistis. Namun karena kurangnya dukungan teknologi, impiannya tidak pernah terwujud. Walaupun demikian, karena idenya innilah Charles Babbage dianggap sebagai penemu <b>Informatika</b>. </span></span></div>
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<span style="color: #cccccc;">8<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial; mso-themecolor: text1;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span></b><b><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-style: italic; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;">ANALYTICAL ENGINE</span></b></span><br />
<span style="color: #cccccc;"><b><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-style: italic; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;"> </span></b></span><br />
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Babbage, Augusta Ada King (1815-1842) memiliki perang penting dalam pembuatan
mesin ini. Ia membantu merivisi rencana, mencari pendanaan dari pemerintah
Inggris, dan mengkomunikasikan spesifikasi Analytical Engine kepada publik.
Selain itu, pemahaman Augusta yang baik tentang mesin ini memungkinkannya
membuat instruksi untuk dimasukkan ke dalam mesin dan juga membuatnya menjadi
programmer wanita yang pertama. Pada tahun 1980, Departemen Pertahanan Amerika
Serikat menamakan sebuah bahasa pemrograman dengan nama ADA sebagai
penghormatan kepadanya.</span></span></div>
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<span style="color: #cccccc;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial; mso-themecolor: text1;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">9.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span></b><b><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-style: italic; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;">KARTU PERFORASI</span></b></span></div>
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1889, HERMAN HOLLERITH (1860-1929) menemukan cara cepat melakukan
perhitungan bagi Biro Sensus Amerika Serikat. Hollerith menggunakan
kartu perforasi untuk memasukan data sensus yang kemudian diolah oleh alat
tersebut secara mekanik. Kartu tersebut dapat menyimpan hingga 80 variabel sehingga
hasil sensus dapat diselesaikan dalam waktu 6 minggu. Kartu ini mempunyai
kelebihan dalam bidang kecepatan dan sebagai media penyimpanan data.</span></span></div>
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</span></span></span></b><b><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-style: italic; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;">ATANASOFF-BERRY
COMPUTER</span></b></span></div>
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Bush (1890-1974) membuat sebuah kalkulator untuk menyelesaikan persamaan
differensial di tahun 1931.Mesin tersebut dapat menyelesaikan persamaan
differensial kompleks yang selama ini dianggap rumit oleh kalangan akademisi.
Mesin tersebut sangat besar dan berat karena ratusan gerigi dan poros yang
dibutuhkan untuk melakukan perhitungan.Pada tahun 1903, John V. Atanasoff
dan Clifford Berry mencoba membuat komputer elektrik yang menerapkan
aljabar Boolean pada sirkuit elektrik. Pendekatan ini didasarkan pada
hasil kerja George Boole (1815-1864) berupa sistem biner aljabar,yang
menyatakan bahwa setiap persamaan matematik dapat dinyatakan sebagai benar atau
salah. Dengan mengaplikasikan kondisi benar-salah ke dalam sirkuit listrik
dalam bentuk terhubung-terputus, Atanasoff dan Berry membuat komputer elektrik
pertama di tahun 1940. Namun proyek mereka terhenti karena kehilangan sumber
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<span style="color: #cccccc;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 1.0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -1.0cm;">
<span style="color: #cccccc;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-style: italic; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial; mso-themecolor: text1;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">11.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="IN" style="mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-style: italic; mso-themecolor: text1;">THE
DALTON ADDING-LISTING MACHINE</span></b></span></div>
<div align="left" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 1.0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; mso-outline-level: 3; text-align: left; text-indent: -1.0cm;">
<span style="color: #cccccc;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<span style="color: #cccccc;"><b><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhe7YAmmSeTeHrYdikZ1H47oHQp7hbyFLdOj8gkMrC4MSknxtnkH-I4ydJpg1ZvMpY66NbQA9Eph7mSe9oxk2ZILUP8fXr_NnvtERtzXUT6rWUEmP8cXFIMi61UP_UxJMr37IkTTxaA4Aw/s1600/20BZS1.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhe7YAmmSeTeHrYdikZ1H47oHQp7hbyFLdOj8gkMrC4MSknxtnkH-I4ydJpg1ZvMpY66NbQA9Eph7mSe9oxk2ZILUP8fXr_NnvtERtzXUT6rWUEmP8cXFIMi61UP_UxJMr37IkTTxaA4Aw/s1600/20BZS1.jpg" width="320" /></a></b></span></div>
<span style="color: #cccccc;"></span>
<span style="color: #cccccc;"><br /></span>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 1.0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm;">
<span style="color: #cccccc;"><span lang="IN" style="mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;">Pada tahun 1902, Dalton menciptakan <i>The Dalton
Adding-listing Machine</i> yang merupakan mesin substraksi pertama berdigit 10.</span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 1.0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm;">
<span style="color: #cccccc;"><span lang="IN" style="mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;">Tahun 1900-1975, kalkulator mulai berubah bentuk menjadi
lebih kecil dengan tambahan berbagai fitur penghitungan. <i>Madas_20bzs</i>
merupakan salah satu contoh kalkulator yang diproduksi pada masa ini.
Kalkulator ini sudah dijalankan dengan listrik dan bisa melakukan pengalian dan
pembagian secara otomatis.</span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt;">
<span style="color: #cccccc;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-themecolor: text1;"> </span><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial; mso-themecolor: text1;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"> </span></span></b></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt;">
<span style="color: #cccccc;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial; mso-themecolor: text1;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">12.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-themecolor: text1;">CURTA</span></b></span>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 1.0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -1.0cm;">
<span style="color: #cccccc;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<span style="color: #cccccc;"><b><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEitoMky5Hmpi7YEYC01gvl8V5iD9kUFDky84jhC5eJLPSco7w6rKBD822uFkvFwv7cwO5pgPCUC5Ug9BgMj-gNKhbgFgBbRj6OBSeLCgd3tAyz___xvjHXY1EgBmA-HAASU_wQ5ULDug04/s1600/curta.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="289" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEitoMky5Hmpi7YEYC01gvl8V5iD9kUFDky84jhC5eJLPSco7w6rKBD822uFkvFwv7cwO5pgPCUC5Ug9BgMj-gNKhbgFgBbRj6OBSeLCgd3tAyz___xvjHXY1EgBmA-HAASU_wQ5ULDug04/s1600/curta.jpg" width="320" /></a></b></span></div>
<span style="color: #cccccc;"><br /></span>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 1.0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm;">
<span style="color: #cccccc;"><b><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-themecolor: text1;"> </span></b><span lang="IN" style="mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;">Tahun 1948 adalah tahun terakhir pengembangan kalkulator
mekanik. <i>Curta</i>, kalkulator mekanik berukuran genggam pertama dikenalkan
pada massa. Kalkulator ini merupakan salah satu penemuan kalkulator mekanik
terpenting di pertengahan abad ke-20. </span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 46.35pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="color: #cccccc;"><span class="fullpost"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial; mso-themecolor: text1;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span></span><span class="fullpost"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-themecolor: text1;">Seluruhnya digerakkan secara mekanis, tidak ada listrik
atau baterai</span></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 46.35pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="color: #cccccc;"><span class="fullpost"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial; mso-themecolor: text1;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span></span><span class="fullpost"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-themecolor: text1;">Didesain oleh Curt Herzstark tahun 1938 dan
disempurnakannya di dalam kamp konsentrasi</span></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 46.35pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="color: #cccccc;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial; mso-themecolor: text1;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span class="fullpost"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-themecolor: text1;">Diakui sebagai kalkulator portabel
paling efisien (hingga munculnya kalkulator elektronik tahun 70-an)</span></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 46.35pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="color: #cccccc;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial; mso-themecolor: text1;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span class="fullpost"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-themecolor: text1;">Diakui sebagai hasil seni rekayasa yang
menakjubkan</span></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt;">
<span style="color: #cccccc;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-themecolor: text1;"> </span><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial; mso-themecolor: text1;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"> </span></span></b></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt;">
<span style="color: #cccccc;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial; mso-themecolor: text1;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">13.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span></b><b>KALKULATOR LED</b></span></div>
<span style="color: #cccccc;"></span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 1.0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -1.0cm;">
<span style="color: #cccccc;"></span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<span style="color: #cccccc;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhNrUDbu0-ytuj8xhMXakwI_qY5O8pYkeb7tjrq4BaaYXaVpetcGL-EN3pkYMIzy41dVhIv_ZpNcXyyA8Ld8QDtxnhNOB0Hlyqz8f-WYMuMjnXYmrs66fhWJSYSIQrX0QcioqtBad_dib0/s1600/Anita1011LSI-1195-External-IMG_5048-5.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="208" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhNrUDbu0-ytuj8xhMXakwI_qY5O8pYkeb7tjrq4BaaYXaVpetcGL-EN3pkYMIzy41dVhIv_ZpNcXyyA8Ld8QDtxnhNOB0Hlyqz8f-WYMuMjnXYmrs66fhWJSYSIQrX0QcioqtBad_dib0/s1600/Anita1011LSI-1195-External-IMG_5048-5.jpg" width="320" /></a></b></span></div>
<span style="color: #cccccc;"></span>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 1.0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm;">
<span style="color: #cccccc;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-themecolor: text1;"> </span></b><span lang="IN" style="mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;">Dari tahun 1948 sampai 1980, para matematikawan dan
pengusaha membuat dan mengembangkan kalkulator dalam bentuk <i>desktop</i>
yaitu kalkulator yang telah memiliki layar LED (Liquid Emitting Diode) untuk
menampilkan hasil penghitungan. Kalkulator yang diciptakan dari masa ke masa
berubah bentuk menjadi semakin ramping, mudah dibawa, dan dengan harga yang
semakin terjangkau dan umumnya dapat dibilang murah.</span></span></div>
<span style="color: #cccccc;"><br /></span>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 1.0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm;">
<span style="color: #cccccc;"><span lang="IN" style="mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;">Tahun 1965, mulai dikembangkannya kalkulator genggam yang
bersifat <i>portable</i> atau mudah dibawa. Kalkulator ini diproduksi oleh
perusahaan <i>Texas Instruments</i>, disebut sebagai “<i>Cal-Tech</i>”.</span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 1.0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm;">
<span style="color: #cccccc;"><span lang="IN" style="mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;">Tahun 1969, kalkulator elektronik pertama dengan tenaga
dari batu baterai. Kalkulator ini menggunakan LSI (Large Scale Integration).
Kalkulator ini juga menggunakan layar hijau (LED).</span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 1.0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm;">
<span style="color: #cccccc;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt;">
<span style="color: #cccccc;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-themecolor: text1;"> </span><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">14. KALKULATOR LCD</span></b></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt;">
<span style="color: #cccccc;"></span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<span style="color: #cccccc;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh-rOB-cU3KKUO5-3UAI2YNysNr1L3vsM_ODNo8mucOOAuu2GJxHQQEegaN94-60ykrI5pPHLO0zphlrSDelSDHKAGAT0_O4a3mQHCHGdyLVe-oO2cWaAQfUSVQJVv2aIGOG6qxZp2vQ5M/s1600/kalkulator+sederhana.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh-rOB-cU3KKUO5-3UAI2YNysNr1L3vsM_ODNo8mucOOAuu2GJxHQQEegaN94-60ykrI5pPHLO0zphlrSDelSDHKAGAT0_O4a3mQHCHGdyLVe-oO2cWaAQfUSVQJVv2aIGOG6qxZp2vQ5M/s1600/kalkulator+sederhana.jpg" /></a></b></span></div>
<span style="color: #cccccc;"></span>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 1.0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm;">
<span style="color: #cccccc;"><span lang="IN" style="mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;">Tahun 1970, diciptakan kalkulator yang dapat dilepas dari
bungkus yang berbahan keras. Kalkulator ini cukup bila dimasukkan ke dalam
kantung.</span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 1.0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm;">
<span style="color: #cccccc;"><span lang="IN" style="mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;">Kalkulator <i>scientific</i> pertama kali diciptakan pada
tahun 1972. Perusahaan yang memproduksi kalkulator ini meningkat dengan pesat
dan harga secara cepat juga turun dengan drastis. Pada tahun ini juga dicoba
layar LCD (<i>Light Crystal Diode</i>).</span></span></div>
<span style="color: #cccccc;"><br /></span>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 1.0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm;">
<span style="color: #cccccc;"><span lang="IN" style="mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;">Pada tahun 1976, layar kalkulator dari berwarna dasar
hijau dengan LED merah digantikan dengan LCD (<i>Liquid Crystal Display</i>)
yang bertulisan warna hitam. Layar ini diganti karena LCD tidak membutuhkan
tenaga sebanyak LED, mereka juga memiliki digit-digit angka yang lebih besar
dan jelas karena kontras dengan warna belakangnya.</span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 1.0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm;">
<span style="color: #cccccc;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 1.0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm;">
<span style="color: #cccccc;"><span lang="IN" style="mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;">Pada tahun 1978, diciptakan untuk pertama kalinya
kalkulator bertenaga surya dengan panel solar disetiap produknya. Pada tahun
ini juga diciptakan kalkulator pertama seukuran kartu kredit.</span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 1.0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm;">
<span style="color: #cccccc;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 1.0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm;">
<span style="color: #cccccc;"><span lang="IN" style="mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;">Pada tahun 1980, tercipta kalkulator pertama dengan <i>keypad</i>
QWERTY dan berjalan dengan <i>BASIC language</i>.</span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 1.0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm;">
<span style="color: #cccccc;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 1.0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm;">
<span style="color: #cccccc;"><span lang="IN" style="mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;">Dalam sebuah kalkulator umumnya terdapat:</span></span></div>
<div align="left" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 1.0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 2.0cm; text-align: left; text-indent: 0cm;">
<span style="color: #cccccc;"><span style="font-family: "symbol"; font-size: 10.0pt;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;">Sumber Tenaga - baterai
atau sel surya</span></span></div>
<div align="left" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 1.0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 2.0cm; text-align: left; text-indent: 0cm;">
<span style="color: #cccccc;"><span style="font-family: "symbol"; font-size: 10.0pt;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><i><span lang="IN" style="mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;">Keypad</span></i><span lang="IN" style="mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;"> – untuk memasukkan angka dan komando penghitungan (tambah, kurang, kali,
bagi)</span></span></div>
<div align="left" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 1.0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 2.0cm; text-align: left; text-indent: 0cm;">
<span style="color: #cccccc;"><span style="font-family: "symbol"; font-size: 10.0pt;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><i><span lang="IN" style="mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;">Processor chip</span></i><span lang="IN" style="mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;"> (mikroprosesor) berisi berbagai macam unit.</span></span></div>
<div align="left" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 1.0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 2.0cm; text-align: left; text-indent: 0cm;">
<span style="color: #cccccc;"><span style="font-family: "symbol"; font-size: 10.0pt;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;">Layar tampilan – untuk
menampilkan angka, komando, dan hasil. </span></span></div>
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http://electronics.howstuffworks.com/gadgets/other-gadgets/calculator1.htm
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calculator <br />
http://palingseru.com/4364/sejarah-perkembangan-kalkulator-dari-masa-ke-masa<br />
http://scienceray.com/mathematics/the-history-and-evolution-of-the-calculator<br />
<a href="http://rneka.wordpress.com/2012/11/29/sejarah-perkembangan-komputer"><span style="mso-themecolor: text1;">http://www.vintagecalculators.com/html/calculator_time-line.html</span></a></span></span></div>
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<span style="color: #cccccc;"><br /></span>
<br />
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<span style="color: #cccccc;"><br /></span>benhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08280500851980226983noreply@blogger.com59tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6297901946487315682.post-29008777142424480732014-09-03T18:40:00.005-07:002014-09-03T18:44:50.111-07:00Salah Satu Text Editor Terbaik Untuk Web Designer & Web Developers<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
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<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhG7pfgNOwvSY9pJw5i2u8VxJWXhiRLzOBW9qh8D9FqzgUH9vcBbMgp62P4O0Igp1efYbml3h7x8UCFhzBXdlHzXRowKWV-JyOci2eM5VbtO8qzfbpKa-JR-36AtJyvrat0waixMrSgKu4/s1600/images.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhG7pfgNOwvSY9pJw5i2u8VxJWXhiRLzOBW9qh8D9FqzgUH9vcBbMgp62P4O0Igp1efYbml3h7x8UCFhzBXdlHzXRowKWV-JyOci2eM5VbtO8qzfbpKa-JR-36AtJyvrat0waixMrSgKu4/s1600/images.jpg" /></a></div>
<br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Kali ini BLOG menuliskan review tentang alat tempur
seorang <i>web designer & web developers</i>. Alat tempur yang dibahas kali
ini bukan kopi, rokok, sama Laptop saya
lho, tapi <b>Text Editor</b> yang sering dipakai untuk coding oleh seorang <i>web
designer & web developers atau Programmer (Bukan Pro Gamer lho…)</i>
termasuk saya sendiri.</span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><br /></span></span>
<br />
<a name='more'></a><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"> </span></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEibO1NodIeAhUHlddUy6MJH-E8tKgPtoq7YAL6YJRpUjYlRyrcwFZqqP-jhvMANBZ8cZB-Iq6kBXjnB9SXSwpIMhYk6tXSz6fSXuEOiCDvwSrLsP0mVAP6qLq4H-lEA9Sn534RE0LZN_OI/s1600/Dua-Kolom-640x400.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEibO1NodIeAhUHlddUy6MJH-E8tKgPtoq7YAL6YJRpUjYlRyrcwFZqqP-jhvMANBZ8cZB-Iq6kBXjnB9SXSwpIMhYk6tXSz6fSXuEOiCDvwSrLsP0mVAP6qLq4H-lEA9Sn534RE0LZN_OI/s1600/Dua-Kolom-640x400.png" height="400" width="640" /></a></span></span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="color: blue; font-size: small;">Gambar tampilan Dua Kolom. </span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><br /></span></span>
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<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Kalian
pernah tahu text editor untuk web designers seperti Adobe Dreamweaver, Notepad
++, dan sebagainya ? Atau mungkin anda hanya menggunakan Notepad biasa bawaan
windows atau gedit, kwrite bawaan linux ? Kali ini saya akan kasih tahu tentang
Text Editor paling ajib untuk menangani coding bagi para programmer khususnya
web programmer. Apa sih nama Text Editornya ?</span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><br /></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><b>SUBLIME TEXT.</b></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Sublime
Text adalah Text Editor favorit saya dan para web desainer lainnya. Text editor
ini biasa dipakai oleh para programmer handal. </span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Kenapa
mereka menggunakan Sublime Text sebagai text editornya ? </span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 6pt 1cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -1cm;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">1.<span style="-moz-font-feature-settings: normal; -moz-font-language-override: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><span style="font-size: small;">Sublime
Text ini sangat ringan sekali, cross platform.</span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 6pt 1cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -1cm;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">2.<span style="-moz-font-feature-settings: normal; -moz-font-language-override: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><span style="font-size: small;">Untuk
mendapatkan Text editor ini gratis (meski ada versi berbayarnya). </span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Tampilan text editor ini sangat nyaman coding
lama-lama didepan komputer. Selain itu yang tidak kalah penting adalah
fungsionalitasnya.</span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><br /></span></span>
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiRD352kYGjIvRd3YHRY0BSntRFwFUMh7ms7xUaRy8FS0SMobbCfVlMMILnRllARhPfcA-gFv2XnKEhuk8ZU6Jngnz-ce6qUHOH1LuYIxpcfCRjSbhkXjYojmsZsEZnRJjYsn4oXoXEORc/s1600/Auto-Complete-640x400.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiRD352kYGjIvRd3YHRY0BSntRFwFUMh7ms7xUaRy8FS0SMobbCfVlMMILnRllARhPfcA-gFv2XnKEhuk8ZU6Jngnz-ce6qUHOH1LuYIxpcfCRjSbhkXjYojmsZsEZnRJjYsn4oXoXEORc/s1600/Auto-Complete-640x400.png" height="400" width="640" /> </a><span style="color: blue;">Gambar tampilan Auto Kolom. </span></span></span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiB5u9a8ox_ZsAcP5DkYTOoCoHLe7QqO-Hi9z15OmUbe02rHIQf60DDMUbqKbRjHcg3JaF_ijmxys6E7VEbIvYtjchLFcXnlQ4idF6H70bRJ2UC_EWbq2IoN-LmA1jp3i43B-wPl8Bi7fQ/s1600/Dua-Kolom-640x400.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><br /></a></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6pt;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Fungsi
yang sangat menonjol di Sublime Text adalah sebagai berikut :</span></span></div>
<ul style="margin-top: 0cm;" type="disc">
<li class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Goto
Anything</span></span></li>
</ul>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 6pt 36pt;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Cara menggunakannya dengan menekan
tombol CTRL + P / CMD + P. Symbol @ untuk loncat ke suatu Symbol, sedangkan
simbol # untuk pencarian didalam file tersebut dan : untuk loncat ke nomor
baris tertentu.</span></span></div>
<ul style="margin-top: 0cm;" type="disc">
<li class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Multiple
Selection</span></span></li>
</ul>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 6pt 36pt;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Cara menggunakannya dengan menekan
tombol CTRL + Shift + L / CMD + Shit + L. Ini berfungsi untuk menyeleksi 1
baris kode untuk dipindahkan ke baris lain. Sedangkan CTRL + D / CMD + D untuk
menambahkan penyeleksian lainnya.</span></span></div>
<ul style="margin-top: 0cm;" type="disc">
<li class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Command
Pallete</span></span></li>
</ul>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 6pt 36pt;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Cara menggunakannya dengan menekan
tombol CTRL + Shift + P / CMD + Shift + P. Ini digunakan untuk penyortiran,
mengubah sintaks dan mengubah pengaturan indentasi. Dengan hanya beberapa
keystrokes, anda dapat mencari apa yang Anda inginkan, tanpa harus menavigasi
melalui menu.</span></span></div>
<ul style="margin-top: 0cm;" type="disc">
<li class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Split
Editing</span></span></li>
</ul>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 6pt 36pt;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Dengan Split editing, anda dapat
membagi layar editor untuk mengerjakan banyak code sekaligus. Caranya dengan
Klik menu View -> Layout. Pilih Column Split yang diinginkan.</span></span></div>
<ul style="margin-top: 0cm;" type="disc">
<li class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Dukungan
Plugin</span></span></li>
</ul>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Ini yang tidak kalah penting, kita dapat menambahkan
beberapa plugin yang kita inginkan seperti snippet, auto complete dalam bahasa
pemrograman tertentu. Contoh plugin yang saya pakai bisa anda lihat dalam
gambar dibawah.</span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><br /></span></span>
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjUxVHAjuEVWV83v6WlG_kivOu7noljSjpJePW0pMCvFgxtAfmUG0LGO6Ow4v3Fu7IQDLj_MNRNn2EH53tQnrX6mA8EwgDCTk0cay0oqRvlBT9slSHUmFREsZaOkfd2vhyzL2vYPup3jOg/s1600/Sublime-Text-Plugin-640x400.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjUxVHAjuEVWV83v6WlG_kivOu7noljSjpJePW0pMCvFgxtAfmUG0LGO6Ow4v3Fu7IQDLj_MNRNn2EH53tQnrX6mA8EwgDCTk0cay0oqRvlBT9slSHUmFREsZaOkfd2vhyzL2vYPup3jOg/s1600/Sublime-Text-Plugin-640x400.png" height="400" width="640" /></a></span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><br /></span></span>
<br />
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"> </span><span style="color: blue; font-size: small;">Gambar tampilan Auto Kolom.</span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><br /></span></span>
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saja. Memangnya penting ?</span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Bagi
saya sangat penting karena saya bekerja dirumah dengan Laptop, sedangkan di
kampus dan kantor memakai Windows dan Linux. Jadi dengan adanya Sublime Text,
saya bisa install di semua sistem operasi. Kekurangannya cuma satu, sayang mau
beli Full Versionnya dan sering digangguin pemberintahuan ketika menyimpan file
(tapi jarang sih munculnya). Buruaaaan cobain yuk download di website resminya <i><a href="http://www.sublimetext.com/">http://www.sublimetext.com/</a></i>.</span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">OK. Trims….</span></span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">Sumber :<a href="http://www.nurulimam.com/2013/12/text-editor-terbaik-untuk-web-designer-web-developers.html" target="_blank"> http://www.nurulimam.com/2013/12/text-editor-terbaik-untuk-web-designer-web-developers.html</a></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;"><br /></span>
benhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08280500851980226983noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6297901946487315682.post-53441086474272211332014-07-22T18:08:00.001-07:002014-07-22T18:21:01.313-07:00Awas : Google Chrome Bisa Membuat Baterai Laptop Kamu Cepat Habis<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi7FlDbzMqzG4C_OQmI4E76p9IKbNFRPiD0_Ebxfa5vqqjueM2C7SShvGfzyXU1BRn8ncFf_QwFffMUJN_jAknohn-omuVpVZZMmkwcispXIK_KSyhLJro6e4EQBnZy7PG6GaOM_aGh9kg/s1600/batt_konsumsi.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi7FlDbzMqzG4C_OQmI4E76p9IKbNFRPiD0_Ebxfa5vqqjueM2C7SShvGfzyXU1BRn8ncFf_QwFffMUJN_jAknohn-omuVpVZZMmkwcispXIK_KSyhLJro6e4EQBnZy7PG6GaOM_aGh9kg/s1600/batt_konsumsi.jpg" height="225" width="400" /></a></div>
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<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Banyak yang bilang Google Chrome
adalah browser sejuta umat. Namun tahukah kamu bahwa bug yang ada di browser
populer ini membuat baterai laptop kamu cepat habis?</span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Times,"Times New Roman",serif;">
</span><br />
<a name='more'></a><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;">Memang tidak banyak orang yang
mengetahuinya. Bahkan bug ini sebelumnya seolah diabaikan sampai akhirnya
diangkat kembali ke permukaan oleh banyak media. Bug ini pertama kali ditemukan sekitar tahun 2008, kembali diangkat di tahun 2012, dan hingga saat ini belum juga ada
perbaikannya.</span></div>
<span style="font-family: Times,"Times New Roman",serif; font-size: small;">
</span><br />
<div align="left" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><br /></span></div>
<div align="left" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><b>Bug
seperti apa yang membuat Chrome menjadi boros baterai?</b></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Times,"Times New Roman",serif; font-size: small;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;">Bug ini berhubungan dengan system
clock tick rate di Windows. Clock tick adalah teknologi di Windows yang membuat
processor sleep untuk sejenak jika tidak diperlukan dan <i>dibangunkan</i> lagi
dalam beberapa saat kemudian sesuai interval yang ditentukan. Tujuannya adalah
untuk menghemat power yang dikonsumsi oleh komputer.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><b>Nah..disinilah
masalahnya bermula…</b></span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;">Normalnya dalam keadaan idle maka Windows akan
memiliki clock tick rate sekitar 15.6ms. Di browser lainnya, jika browser
dibuka maka interval clock tick rate akan naik menjadi setiap 10ms. Begitu
browser digunakan untuk menjalankan video flash misalnya, maka clock tick rate
naik lagi menjadi 1ms. Namun begitu video di stop maka clock tick rate akan
kembali ke 10ms. Dan begitu browser di close maka akan kembali normal lagi ke
15.6ms.</span><span style="font-size: small;">
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<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><b>Di Chrome
tidaklah demikian….</b></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;">Ketika Windows dalam keadaan idle
dengan clock tick rate 15.6ms, membuka Chrome dan menjalankan video konten
seperti video flash akan meningkatkan clock tick rate menjadi 1ms. Namun setelah
video di pause, clock tick rate tidak turun dan tetap bertahan di 1ms. Bahkan
ketika tab browser tersebut di close, clock tick rate tetap tidak turun dan
masih berada di 1ms. Banyak pengguna bahkan melakukan uji coba dengan merestart
PC dan membuka Google Chrome, hasilnya clock tick rate juga langsung naik ke
titik 1ms meskipun tidak membuka halaman apapun!</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #3d85c6; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><b>Ini
artinya Chrome membuat processor <i>dibangunkan</i> dari yang hanya 64 kali per
detik menjadi 1000 kali per detik!</b></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;">Untuk membuktikannya kamu bisa
mendownload ClockRes <a href="http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/sysinternals/bb897568.aspx" target="_blank" title="ClockRes"><span style="color: blue;">disini</span></a> (<span style="color: #cfe2f3;">http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/sysinternals/bb897568.aspx</span>).
Setelah itu jalankan clockres.exe melalui CMD untuk melihat besarnya clock tick
rate di Windows kamu antara sebelum, sesudah, dan setelah menggunakan Google
Chrome.</span></div>
<span style="font-size: small;"><br /></span>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgu2NlekATIiKkaPsEFbX88QpH7Db9xCZ6kzsOLWb6q6o2ItsDajO7Rr3DzvTYkZwGjGNxsvvZ9ZFsff9sQxRJTXktJJNzqN5mb9dEZ1MYea-mcWD2bjcjTVqyuY1VG_OpNkIwX_UxLPCU/s1600/cmd_clock.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgu2NlekATIiKkaPsEFbX88QpH7Db9xCZ6kzsOLWb6q6o2ItsDajO7Rr3DzvTYkZwGjGNxsvvZ9ZFsff9sQxRJTXktJJNzqN5mb9dEZ1MYea-mcWD2bjcjTVqyuY1VG_OpNkIwX_UxLPCU/s1600/cmd_clock.jpg" height="205" width="400" /></a></span></div>
<span style="font-size: small;"></span><br />
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<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;">Dalam dokumentasi Microsoft
disebutkan bahwa clock tick rate 1ms akan membuat konsumsi baterai menjadi
lebih boros hingga 25 persen. Komputer bahkan akan terasa lebih berat karena
CPU dipaksa untuk bekerja lebih keras. Dengan baterai yang lebih cepat habis dan
CPU yang lebih harus bekerja keras tentu saja bisa kamu tebak apa efek jangka
panjangnya bagi keawetan baterai dan laptop.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;">Hingga saat ini bug clock tick rate
ini masih tetap ada di Google Chrome dan belum juga teratasi. Kalau
dihitung-hitung sejak pertama kalinya ditemukan pada September 2008 silam, maka
sudah hampir 6 tahun lamanya belum ada solusi dan perbaikan apapun dari pihak
Google.</span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;">Apakah bug ini bakal membuat kamu beralih dari Google
Chrome ke browser lainnya? Manakah yang lebih kamu pilih, mempertahankan
keawetan baterai dan laptop atau mempertahankan menggunakan Google Chrome?</span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br /></span></div>
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<![endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: small;">http://winpoin.com/awas-google-chrome-bisa-membuat-baterai-laptop-kamu-cepat-habis/</span>benhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08280500851980226983noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6297901946487315682.post-80211035899037238952014-06-26T05:06:00.000-07:002014-06-26T06:53:27.563-07:00Konsep OOP PHP Pengenalan Inheritance<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj4gVHk1VVY5l8wcnrHQnGGPciF4n3GrtDUHTtiUbukaBX1Lvutw4dlMKe4ds69ZPfkWqitaW58kgFybpG4RPIjSufYjfq0MQI1KoM8XiMJCjKJrBxQEH4cdFepD9buHsTC3IxBy0lYM00/s1600/OOP.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj4gVHk1VVY5l8wcnrHQnGGPciF4n3GrtDUHTtiUbukaBX1Lvutw4dlMKe4ds69ZPfkWqitaW58kgFybpG4RPIjSufYjfq0MQI1KoM8XiMJCjKJrBxQEH4cdFepD9buHsTC3IxBy0lYM00/s1600/OOP.jpg" height="174" width="320" /></a></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">Salam jumpa lagi dengan saya<span style="color: orange;"> <b>Mas Benpro</b></span>.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">Untuk menghadapi bulan Ramadhan ini saya ingin </span><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">mengucapkan<span style="color: lime;"> </span><b><span style="color: lime;">Mohon Maaf lahir dan bathin</span>, </b>semoga kita dapat menunaikan ibadah puasa dengan khusyuk dan pahala diterima Allah SWT. Amiin Ya Robbal Alamiin. </span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">Lama saya tidak posting konten yang fresh, baru kali ini saya bisa mengisi artikel itupun karena terpaksa ada tugas mata kuliah PBO (malah curhat) tentunya Ada yang kangen. (Bukan sama tulisannya tapi sama saya tentunya... Hehehe).</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">To the point aja (cek ileee oake bahasa inggris emang bisa... Kagak).</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;"></span><br />
<a name='more'></a><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">Saya sekarang akan membahas tentang Konsep OOP dalam PHP, tentunya kita sudah tahu tentang Konsep OOP (bagi yang belum tahu silahkan tanya mbah gugel aja ya...), itu terdiri dari : </span><br />
<ol>
<li><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">Kelas Abstrak (Class Abstraksi)</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">Enkapsulasi (enkapsulasi)</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">Pewarisan (inheritance)</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">Polimorfisme (polymorphism)</span></li>
</ol>
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">Kali ini kita batasi pembahasannya hanya tentang <b>Inheritance</b>.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;"><b>Apa itu Inheritance?</b></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;"><b>Inheritance </b>atau dalam bahasa kita dikenal dengan Pewarisan adalah cara untuk membuat class baru dengan menggunakan class lain yang telah/sudah dibuat.</span><br />
<div>
<ul>
<li><span style="background-color: transparent; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; text-indent: -14.2pt;">Kita dapat mendefinisikan suatu kelas baru
dengan mewarisi sifat dari kelas lain yang sudah ada.</span></li>
<li><span style="background-color: transparent; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; text-indent: -14.2pt;">Penurunan sifat ini bisa dilakukan secara bertingkat tingkat, sehingga
semakin ke bawah kelas tersebut menjadi semakin spesifik.</span></li>
<li><span style="background-color: transparent; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; text-indent: -14.2pt;">Sub kelas memungkinkan kita untuk
melakukan spesifikasi detail dan perilaku khusus dari kelas supernya.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; text-indent: -14.2pt;">Dengan konsep pewarisan,
seorang programmer dapat menggunakan kode yang telah ditulisnya
pada kelas super berulang kali pada kelas-kelas turunannya tanpa
harus menulis ulang semua kode-kode itu.</span></li>
</ul>
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Pada umumnya Class yang mewarisi atau diturunkan dari class lainnya disebut Subclass dari Class yang diwarisi.</span></div>
<div>
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Pada hubungan Inheritance, class turunan mewarisi class induk (<b>parent class</b>). Maka semua atribut dan method class dari class induk akan dibawa (kecuali yang bersifat <b>private </b>tentunya), secara langsung akan menjadi bagian dari class anak (child class). Dan biasanya class anak akan membuat fungsionalitas baru yang tidak dimiliki oleh class induk.</span></div>
<div>
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Keuntungan menggunakan inheritance adalah mengganti, merubah bahkan menambahkan fungsi baru yang belum dimiliki oleh class induk.</span></div>
<div>
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">(Bingung..ya.???..Sama. Supaya kta tidak bingung mari kita lihat contohnya aja).</span><span lang="IN" style="font-size: 22.5pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span lang="IN" style="font-size: 12pt;"><br /></span></span></span>
<span lang="IN" style="font-size: 22.5pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-size: 12pt;">Untuk membuat Inheritance menggunakan syntax <b>"extends" </b>pada
class tersebut</span><span style="font-size: 12pt;">.</span></span></span><br />
<?php<br />
/* parent class */<br />
class Mobil {<br />
public $merk; <br />
function setMerk($merk){<br />
$this->merk = $merk;<br />
} <br />
function getMerk(){<br />
return $this->merk;<br />
}<br />
}<br />
?><br />
<br />
<?php<br />
/* class turunan */<br />
class Harga extends Mobil {<br />
public $harga; <br />
function setHarga($harga){<br />
$this->harga = $harga;<br />
} <br />
function getHarga(){<br />
return $this->harga;<br />
}<br />
}<br />
?><br />
<br />
<?php<br />
/* mengeksekusi Object */<br />
<span style="color: blue;">$product = new Harga;</span><br />
<span style="color: blue;">$product->setMerk("Toyota");</span><br />
<span style="color: blue;">$product->setHarga("Rp 150 juta");</span><br />
<br />
echo "Merk : ".$product->getMerk()."<br />";<br />
echo "Harga : ".$product->getHarga();<br />
<br />
?><br />
<br />
Jadinya :<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhZpjhwxBNAxfovyRcuRojJLV-M8LUyjoz3vmu4pPgg2gxwmZ6I4drhRsLA9A0Y1egW_ENvDOiOmjwZtfHX_lVfwpOzEEweIZtnMeWQKgBMumG0imnrDKGdmmtj7XTtKy3hQIE6b1D5fcc/s1600/pewarisan.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhZpjhwxBNAxfovyRcuRojJLV-M8LUyjoz3vmu4pPgg2gxwmZ6I4drhRsLA9A0Y1egW_ENvDOiOmjwZtfHX_lVfwpOzEEweIZtnMeWQKgBMumG0imnrDKGdmmtj7XTtKy3hQIE6b1D5fcc/s1600/pewarisan.jpg" height="151" width="320" /></a></div>
<br />
<span style="background-color: white;">Artinya<span style="font-size: 10pt;"> :</span></span><br />
<span style="background-color: white; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="color: blue; font-size: small;">$product = new Harga; </span><span style="font-size: small;">=> Kita memanggil dan memberi nama variable baru sebuah Object.</span></span><br />
<span style="background-color: white; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="color: blue; font-size: small;">$product->setMerk("Toyota");</span><span style="font-size: small;"> => Kita memberi nama merk pada class mobil method setMerk </span></span><br />
<span style="background-color: white; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="color: blue; font-size: small;">$product->setHarga("Rp 150 juta"); </span><span style="font-size: small;">=> Memberikan harga pada class Harga pada setHarga</span></span><br />
<span style="background-color: white;"><br /></span>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; margin-bottom: 6pt;">
<span style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span lang="IN">Kesimpulan :<br />
Dapat anda lihat, bahwa class</span><span lang="IN"> </span><b><span lang="IN">harga</span></b><b><span lang="IN"> </span></b><span lang="IN">tidak mempunyai</span><span lang="IN"> </span><u><span lang="IN">function merk</span></u><span lang="IN">. Akan tetapi
karena inheritance maka class</span><span lang="IN"> </span><b><span lang="IN">Harga</span></b><b><span lang="IN"> </span></b><span lang="IN">juga dapat
menggunakan function</span><span lang="IN"> </span><b><span lang="IN">Merk</span></b><span lang="IN">. Tidak itu saja,
selain dapat menggunakan function dari induknya, class anak juga dapat membuat
function sendiri.</span></span><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; margin-bottom: 6pt;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span lang="IN" style="background-color: white;"><br /></span></span></div>
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benhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08280500851980226983noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6297901946487315682.post-12442870108683075842014-03-11T23:41:00.001-07:002014-03-11T23:51:28.605-07:00PENGERTIAN, FUNGSI DAN SEJARAH HTML<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgkOCWchYrNCrMvIIa-K3FsrsJxpsIpwqmZ4cnb1IgcrQ5RMF1oIGUOkjbWYgsD4ie-GRRaKLJma16PN9B9_AGoZZVDuFBpjB7qSl10JzZo_zRY_IzfH8qBHiBhLVV8CVgmFUFyL-NMUO4/s1600/pengertian+html.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="background-color: white; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgkOCWchYrNCrMvIIa-K3FsrsJxpsIpwqmZ4cnb1IgcrQ5RMF1oIGUOkjbWYgsD4ie-GRRaKLJma16PN9B9_AGoZZVDuFBpjB7qSl10JzZo_zRY_IzfH8qBHiBhLVV8CVgmFUFyL-NMUO4/s1600/pengertian+html.jpg" /></a></div>
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<b><span style="background-color: #666666; color: white; font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">PENGERTIAN, FUNGSI dan SEJARAH HTML</span></b></h2>
<span style="background-color: #666666; color: white;">1. Pengertian.</span><br />
<span style="background-color: #666666;"><span style="color: white;"><b style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19.200000762939453px;">HyperText Markup Language</b><span style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19.200000762939453px;"> (HTML) adalah sebuah </span><i style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19.200000762939453px;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahasa_markah" style="background-image: none; text-decoration: none;" title="Bahasa markah">bahasa mark</a>ah</i><span style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19.200000762939453px;"> yang digunakan untuk membuat sebuah halaman web yang bersifat statis yang digunakan sebagai standart pembangunan halaman web, menampilkan berbagai informasi di dalam sebuah </span><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Penjelajah_web" style="background-image: none; font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19.200000762939453px; text-decoration: none;" title="Penjelajah web">penjelajah web</a><span style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19.200000762939453px;"> Internet dan pemformatan hiperteks sederhana yang ditulis dalam berkas format ASCII agar dapat menghasilkan tampilan wujud yang terintegerasi. Dengan kata lain, berkas </span></span></span><br />
<a name='more'></a><span style="background-color: #666666;"><span style="color: white;"><span style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19.200000762939453px;">yang dibuat dalam perangkat lunak pengolah kata dan disimpan dalam format </span><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/ASCII" style="background-image: none; font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19.200000762939453px; text-decoration: none;" title="ASCII">ASCII</a><span style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19.200000762939453px;"> normal sehingga menjadi </span><a class="mw-redirect" href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Halaman_web" style="background-image: none; font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19.200000762939453px; text-decoration: none;" title="Halaman web">halaman web</a><span style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19.200000762939453px;"> dengan perintah-perintah HTML. Bermula dari sebuah bahasa yang sebelumnya banyak digunakan di dunia penerbitan dan percetakan yang disebut dengan </span><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/SGML" style="background-image: none; font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19.200000762939453px; text-decoration: none;" title="SGML">SGML</a><span style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19.200000762939453px;"> (</span><i style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19.200000762939453px;">Standard Generalized Markup Language</i><span style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19.200000762939453px;">), HTML adalah sebuah standar yang digunakan secara luas untuk menampilkan halaman web. HTML saat ini merupakan standar </span><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet" style="background-image: none; font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19.200000762939453px; text-decoration: none;" title="Internet">Internet</a><span style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19.200000762939453px;"> yang didefinisikan dan dikendalikan penggunaannya oleh </span><a class="mw-redirect" href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_Wide_Web_Consortium" style="background-image: none; font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19.200000762939453px; text-decoration: none;" title="World Wide Web Consortium">World Wide Web Consortium</a><span style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19.200000762939453px;"> (W3C). HTML dibuat oleh kolaborasi Caillau TIM dengan Berners-lee Robert ketika mereka bekerja di CERN pada tahun 1989 (CERN adalah lembaga penelitian fisika energi tinggi di Jenewa). </span><span style="font-family: SegoeUI, 'Trebuchet MS', Tahoma, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 20.149999618530273px;">Bahasa ini pertama kali dibuat oleh </span><em style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: 13px; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 20.149999618530273px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Caillau TIM</em><span style="font-family: SegoeUI, 'Trebuchet MS', Tahoma, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 20.149999618530273px;"> dengan </span><em style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: 13px; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 20.149999618530273px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Berners-lee rober</em><span style="font-family: SegoeUI, 'Trebuchet MS', Tahoma, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 20.149999618530273px;">.</span></span></span><br />
<span style="background-color: #666666;"><span style="color: white;"><br />
<strong style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: 13px; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 20.149999618530273px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"><a href="http://zabhie.com/aku-tahu/pengertian-html-dan-fungsinya" style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: 13px; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 20.149999618530273px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;" title="PENGERTIAN HTML DAN FUNGSINYA">HTML Adalah</a></strong><span style="font-family: SegoeUI, 'Trebuchet MS', Tahoma, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 20.149999618530273px;"> </span><span style="font-family: SegoeUI, 'Trebuchet MS', Tahoma, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 20.149999618530273px;">kependekan dari</span><span style="font-family: SegoeUI, 'Trebuchet MS', Tahoma, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 20.149999618530273px;"> </span><em style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: 13px; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 20.149999618530273px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Hypertext Markup Language</em><span style="font-family: SegoeUI, 'Trebuchet MS', Tahoma, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 20.149999618530273px;"> </span><span style="font-family: SegoeUI, 'Trebuchet MS', Tahoma, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 20.149999618530273px;">, Menurut Bahasa bisa dikategorikan sebagai berikut :</span></span></span><br />
<ul style="border: 0px; font-family: SegoeUI, 'Trebuchet MS', Tahoma, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 20.149999618530273px; list-style-image: initial; list-style-position: initial; margin: 1.2em 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 0px 3em; vertical-align: baseline;">
<li style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; margin: 0.6em 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background-color: #666666; color: white;"><strong style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Hypertext</strong> berarti kata atau frase tertulis non- sekuensial yang memiliki percabangan dengan bermacam pilihan yang akan menjadikan bacaan yang lebih menarik pada layar interaktif.</span></li>
<li style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; margin: 0.6em 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background-color: #666666; color: white;"><strong style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Markup Language</strong> adalah bahasa yang mengkombinasikan antara teks (Hypertext) dengan informasi yang hendak ditampilkan.</span></li>
</ul>
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<span style="background-color: #666666; color: white;">2. Fungsi</span></div>
<div style="border: 0px; font-family: SegoeUI, 'Trebuchet MS', Tahoma, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 20.149999618530273px; margin-bottom: 1.2em; margin-top: 1.2em; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="background-color: #666666; color: white;"><a href="http://zabhie.com/aku-tahu/mengenal-apa-itu-php" style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;" title="MENGENAL APA ITU PHP"><strong style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Fungsi HTML</strong></a> sendiri bisa digunakan untuk mengintegrasikan sebuah gambar dengan tulisan, membuat link, integrasi berkas suara dan rekaman video, <a href="http://zabhie.com/" style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Bahasa HTML</a> juga memungkinkan kita untuk mengedit tampilan atau berkas yang hendak kita kirimkan melalui media online, seperti menentukan besar kecilnya kelompok kata yang hendak digunakan sebagai judul,Heading dll, membuat tulisan miring, cetak tebal hingga menentukan karakter-karakter tertentu.</span></div>
<h2 style="background-image: none; border-bottom-color: rgb(170, 170, 170); border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-width: 1px; font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 19px; font-weight: normal; line-height: 19.200000762939453px; margin: 0px 0px 0.6em; overflow: hidden; padding-bottom: 0.17em; padding-top: 0.5em;">
<span class="mw-headline" id="Sejarah" style="background-color: #666666; color: white;">Sejarah</span></h2>
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<span class="mw-headline" id="Perkembangan" style="background-color: #666666; color: white;">Perkembangan</span></h3>
<div style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19.200000762939453px; margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-top: 0.4em;">
<span style="background-color: #666666; color: white;">Tahun 1980, IBM memikirkan pembuatan suatu dokumen yang akan mengenali setiap elemen dari dokumen dengan suatu tanda tertentu. IBM kemudian mengembangkan suatu jenis bahasa yang menggabungkan teks dengan perintah-perintah pemformatan dokumen. Bahasa ini dinamakan Markup Language, sebuah bahasa yang menggunakan tanda-tanda sebagai basisnya. IBM menamakan sistemnya ini sebagai Generalized Markup Language atau GML.</span></div>
<div style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19.200000762939453px; margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-top: 0.4em;">
<span style="background-color: #666666; color: white;">Tahun 1986, ISO menyatakan bahwa IBM memiliki suatu konsep tentang dokumen yang sangat baik, dan kemudian mengeluarkan suatu publikasi (ISO 8879) yang menyatakan markup language sebagai standar untuk pembuatan dokumen-dokumen. ISO membuat bahasa ini dari GML milik IBM, tetapi memberinya nama lain, yaitu <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/SGML" style="background-image: none; text-decoration: none;" title="SGML">SGML</a> (Standard Generalized Markup Language). ISO dalam publikasinya meyakini bahwa SGML akan sangat berguna untuk pemrosesan informasi teks dan sistem-sistem perkantoran. Tetapi diluar perkiraan <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organisasi_Internasional_untuk_Standardisasi" style="background-image: none; text-decoration: none;" title="Organisasi Internasional untuk Standardisasi">ISO</a>, SGML dan terutama subset dari SGML, yaitu HTML juga berguna untuk menjelajahi internet. Khususnya bagi mereka yang menggunakan World Wide Web. Versi terakhir dari HTML saat ini adalah HTML5.</span></div>
<h3 style="background-image: none; border-bottom-style: none; font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 17px; line-height: 19.200000762939453px; margin: 0px 0px 0.3em; overflow: hidden; padding-bottom: 0.17em; padding-top: 0.5em;">
<span class="mw-headline" id="Sejarah_dari_standar_HTML" style="background-color: #666666; color: white;">Sejarah dari standar HTML</span></h3>
<ul style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19.200000762939453px; list-style-image: url(http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/1/18/Monobook-bullet.png); margin: 0.3em 0px 0px 1.6em; padding: 0px;">
<li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><span style="background-color: #666666; color: white;"><a class="external text" href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc1866.txt" rel="nofollow" style="background-image: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent), url(data:image/svg+xml; background-position: 100% 50%, 100% 50%; background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat; color: #663366; padding-right: 13px; text-decoration: none;">HTML 2.0</a>—(<a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Request_for_Comments" style="background-image: none; text-decoration: none;" title="Request for Comments">RFC</a> 1866) disetujui sebagai standar <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/22_September" style="background-image: none; text-decoration: none;" title="22 September">22 September</a> <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/1995" style="background-image: none; text-decoration: none;" title="1995">1995</a>,</span></li>
<li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><span style="background-color: #666666; color: white;"><a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html32" rel="nofollow" style="background-image: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent), url(data:image/svg+xml; background-position: 100% 50%, 100% 50%; background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat; color: #663366; padding-right: 13px; text-decoration: none;">HTML 3.2</a>—<a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/14_Januari" style="background-image: none; text-decoration: none;" title="14 Januari">14 Januari</a> <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/1996" style="background-image: none; text-decoration: none;" title="1996">1996</a>,</span></li>
<li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><span style="background-color: #666666; color: white;"><a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html40-971218/" rel="nofollow" style="background-image: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent), url(data:image/svg+xml; background-position: 100% 50%, 100% 50%; background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat; color: #663366; padding-right: 13px; text-decoration: none;">HTML 4.0</a>—<a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/18_Desember" style="background-image: none; text-decoration: none;" title="18 Desember">18 Desember</a> <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/1997" style="background-image: none; text-decoration: none;" title="1997">1997</a>,</span></li>
<li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><span style="background-color: #666666; color: white;"><a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/html401" rel="nofollow" style="background-image: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent), url(data:image/svg+xml; background-position: 100% 50%, 100% 50%; background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat; color: #663366; padding-right: 13px; text-decoration: none;">HTML 4.01</a> (minor fixes)—<a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/24_Desember" style="background-image: none; text-decoration: none;" title="24 Desember">24 Desember</a> <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/1999" style="background-image: none; text-decoration: none;" title="1999">1999</a>,</span></li>
<li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><span style="background-color: #666666; color: white;"><a class="external text" href="http://www.purl.org/NET/ISO+IEC.15445/15445.html" rel="nofollow" style="background-image: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent), url(data:image/svg+xml; background-position: 100% 50%, 100% 50%; background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat; color: #663366; padding-right: 13px; text-decoration: none;">ISO/IEC 15445:2000</a> ("<a class="mw-redirect" href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISO" style="background-image: none; text-decoration: none;" title="ISO">ISO</a> HTML", berdasar pada HTML 4.01 Strict)—<a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/15_Mei" style="background-image: none; text-decoration: none;" title="15 Mei">15 Mei</a> <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/2000" style="background-image: none; text-decoration: none;" title="2000">2000</a>.</span></li>
<li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><span style="background-color: #666666; color: white;"><a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/html5/" rel="nofollow" style="background-image: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent), url(data:image/svg+xml; background-position: 100% 50%, 100% 50%; background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat; color: #663366; padding-right: 13px; text-decoration: none;">HTML 5</a> masih dalam draft pengerjaan—<a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Januari" style="background-image: none; text-decoration: none;" title="Januari">Januari</a> <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" style="background-image: none; text-decoration: none;" title="2008">2008</a>.</span></li>
</ul>
<h2 style="background-image: none; border-bottom-color: rgb(170, 170, 170); border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-width: 1px; font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 19px; font-weight: normal; line-height: 19.200000762939453px; margin: 0px 0px 0.6em; overflow: hidden; padding-bottom: 0.17em; padding-top: 0.5em;">
<span style="background-color: #666666; color: white;"><span class="mw-headline" id="Kegunaan">Kegunaan</span><span class="mw-editsection mw-editsection-expanded" style="-webkit-user-select: none; direction: ltr; display: inline-block; font-size: x-small; line-height: 1em; margin-left: 1em; padding-right: 0.25em; unicode-bidi: -webkit-isolate; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: nowrap;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="margin-left: -0.25em; margin-right: 0.25em;">[</span><a class="mw-editsection-visualeditor" href="http://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=HTML&veaction=edit&section=4" style="background-image: none; text-decoration: none;" title="Sunting bagian: Kegunaan">sunting</a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=HTML&action=edit&section=4" style="background-image: none; text-decoration: none;" title="Sunting bagian: Kegunaan">sunting sumber</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="margin-left: 0.25em; margin-right: -0.25em;">]</span></span></span></h2>
<ul style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19.200000762939453px; list-style-image: url(http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/1/18/Monobook-bullet.png); margin: 0.3em 0px 0px 1.6em; padding: 0px;">
<li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><span style="background-color: #666666; color: white;">Mengintegerasikan gambar dengan tulisan.</span></li>
<li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><span style="background-color: #666666; color: white;">Membuat <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pranala" style="background-image: none; text-decoration: none;" title="Pranala">Pranala</a>.</span></li>
<li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><span style="background-color: #666666; color: white;">Mengintegerasikan berkas suara dan rekaman gambar hidup.</span></li>
<li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><span style="background-color: #666666; color: white;">Membuat form interaktif.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-2" style="line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: -webkit-isolate;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/HTML#cite_note-2" style="background-image: none; text-decoration: none;">[2]</a></sup></span></li>
</ul>
<div style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19.200000762939453px; margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-top: 0.4em;">
<span style="background-color: #666666; color: white;">HTML dokumen tersebut mirip dengan dokumen tulisan biasa, hanya dalam dokumen ini sebuah tulisan bisa memuat instruksi yang ditandai dengan kode atau lebih dikenal dengan TAG tertentu. Sebagai contoh jika ingin membuat tulisan ditampilkan menjadi tebal seperti: <b>TAMPIL TEBAL</b>, maka penulisannya dilakukan dengan cara: <code style="font-family: monospace, Courier;">< b> TAMPIL TEBAL</b></code>. Tanda <code style="font-family: monospace, Courier;">< b></code> digunakan untuk mengaktifkan instruksi cetak tebal, diikuti oleh tulisan yang ingin ditebalkan, dan diakhiri dengan tanda <code style="font-family: monospace, Courier;"></b></code> untuk menonaktifkan cetak tebal tersebut. HTML lebih menekankan pada penggambaran komponen-komponen struktur dan format di dalam halaman web daripada menentukan penampilannya. Sedangkan penjelajah web digunakan untuk menginterpretasikan susunan halaman ke gaya built-in penjelajah web dengan menggunakan jenis tulisan, tab, warna, garis, dan perataan text yang dikehendaki ke komputer yang menampilkan halaman web. Salah satu hal Penting tentang eksistensi HTML adalah tersedianya <i>Lingua franca</i> (bahasa Komunikasi) antar komputer dengan kemampuan berbeda. Pengguna <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macintosh" style="background-image: none; text-decoration: none;" title="Macintosh">Macintosh</a> tidak dapat melihat tampilan yang sama sebagaimana tampilan yang terlihat dalam pc berbasis Windows. Pengguna <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Windows" style="background-image: none; text-decoration: none;" title="Microsoft Windows">Microsoft Windows</a> pun tidak akan dapat melihat tampilan yang sama sebagaimana tampilan yang terlihat pada pengguna yang menggunakan <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Produk" style="background-image: none; text-decoration: none;" title="Produk">Produk</a>-produk <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sun_Microsystems" style="background-image: none; text-decoration: none;" title="Sun Microsystems">Sun Microsystems</a>. namun demikian pengguna-pengguna tersebut dapat melihat semua halaman web yang telah diformat dan berisi <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grafika" style="background-image: none; text-decoration: none;" title="Grafika">Grafika</a> dan<a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pranala" style="background-image: none; text-decoration: none;" title="Pranala">Pranala</a>.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-3" style="line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: -webkit-isolate;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/HTML#cite_note-3" style="background-image: none; text-decoration: none;">[3]</a></sup></span></div>
<h3 style="background-image: none; border-bottom-style: none; font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 17px; line-height: 19.200000762939453px; margin: 0px 0px 0.3em; overflow: hidden; padding-bottom: 0.17em; padding-top: 0.5em;">
<span style="background-color: #666666; color: white;"><span class="mw-headline" id="Menyunting_format_tulisan">Menyunting format tulisan</span><span class="mw-editsection mw-editsection-expanded" style="-webkit-user-select: none; direction: ltr; display: inline-block; font-size: x-small; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1em; margin-left: 1em; padding-right: 0.25em; unicode-bidi: -webkit-isolate; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: nowrap;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="margin-left: -0.25em; margin-right: 0.25em;">[</span><a class="mw-editsection-visualeditor" href="http://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=HTML&veaction=edit&section=5" style="background-image: none; text-decoration: none;" title="Sunting bagian: Menyunting format tulisan">sunting</a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=HTML&action=edit&section=5" style="background-image: none; text-decoration: none;" title="Sunting bagian: Menyunting format tulisan">sunting sumber</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="margin-left: 0.25em; margin-right: -0.25em;">]</span></span></span></h3>
<div style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19.200000762939453px; margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-top: 0.4em;">
<span style="background-color: #666666; color: white;">HTML memungkinkan seseorang untuk menyunting tampilan atau format berkas yang akan dikirimkan melalui media daring. Beberapa hal yang dapat dilakukan dalam menentukan format berkas adalah:</span></div>
<ul style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19.200000762939453px; list-style-image: url(http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/1/18/Monobook-bullet.png); margin: 0.3em 0px 0px 1.6em; padding: 0px;">
<li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><span style="background-color: #666666; color: white;">Menampilkan suatu kelompok kata dalam beberapa ukuran yang dapat digunakan untuk judul, heading dan sebagainya.</span></li>
<li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><span style="background-color: #666666; color: white;">Menampilkan tulisan dalam bentuk cetakan tebal</span></li>
<li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><span style="background-color: #666666; color: white;">Menampilkan sekelompok kata dalam bentuk miring</span></li>
<li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><span style="background-color: #666666; color: white;">Menampilkan naskah dalam bentuk huruf yang mirip dengan hasil ketikan mesin ketik</span></li>
<li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><span style="background-color: #666666; color: white;">Mengubah-ubah ukuran tulisan untuk suatu karakter tertentu.</span></li>
</ul>
<h2 style="background-image: none; border-bottom-color: rgb(170, 170, 170); border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-width: 1px; font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 19px; font-weight: normal; line-height: 19.200000762939453px; margin: 0px 0px 0.6em; overflow: hidden; padding-bottom: 0.17em; padding-top: 0.5em;">
<span style="background-color: #666666; color: white;"><span class="mw-headline" id="Markah.2FTanda">Markah/Tanda</span><span class="mw-editsection mw-editsection-expanded" style="-webkit-user-select: none; direction: ltr; display: inline-block; font-size: x-small; line-height: 1em; margin-left: 1em; padding-right: 0.25em; unicode-bidi: -webkit-isolate; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: nowrap;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="margin-left: -0.25em; margin-right: 0.25em;">[</span><a class="mw-editsection-visualeditor" href="http://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=HTML&veaction=edit&section=6" style="background-image: none; text-decoration: none;" title="Sunting bagian: Markah/Tanda">sunting</a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=HTML&action=edit&section=6" style="background-image: none; text-decoration: none;" title="Sunting bagian: Markah/Tanda">sunting sumber</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="margin-left: 0.25em; margin-right: -0.25em;">]</span></span></span></h2>
<div style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19.200000762939453px; margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-top: 0.4em;">
<span style="background-color: #666666; color: white;">Secara garis besar, terdapat 4 jenis elemen dari HTML:</span></div>
<ul style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19.200000762939453px; list-style-image: url(http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/1/18/Monobook-bullet.png); margin: 0.3em 0px 0px 1.6em; padding: 0px;">
<li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><span style="background-color: #666666; color: white;"><i>Struktural</i>. Tanda yang menentukan level atau tingkatan dari sebuah tulisan (contoh, <code style="font-family: monospace, Courier;">< h1> Golf</h1></code> akan memerintahkan peramban untuk menampilkan "Golf" sebagai tulisan tebal besar yang menunjukkan sebagai Heading 1</span></li>
<li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><span style="background-color: #666666; color: white;"><i>Presentasional</i>. Tanda yang menentukan tampilan dari sebuah tulisan tidak peduli dengan level dari tulisan tersebut (contoh, <code style="font-family: monospace, Courier;">< b> boldface</b></code> akan menampilkan <b>bold</b>. Tanda presentasional saat ini sudah mulai digantikan oleh <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cascading_Style_Sheets" style="background-image: none; text-decoration: none;" title="Cascading Style Sheets">CSS</a> dan tidak direkomendasikan untuk mengatur tampilan tulisan,</span></li>
<li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><span style="background-color: #666666; color: white;"><i><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hiperteks" style="background-image: none; text-decoration: none;" title="Hiperteks">Hiperteks</a></i>. Tanda yang menunjukkan pranala ke bagian dari dokumen tersebut atau pranala ke dokumen lain (contoh, <code style="font-family: monospace, Courier;">< a href="http://www.wikipedia.org/"> Wikipedia</a></code>akan menampilkan <a class="external text" href="http://www.wikipedia.org/" style="background-image: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent), url(data:image/svg+xml; background-position: 100% 50%, 100% 50%; background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat; color: #663366; padding-right: 13px; text-decoration: none;">Wikipedia</a> sebagai sebuah <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyperlink" style="background-image: none; text-decoration: none;" title="Hyperlink">hyperlink</a> ke <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/URL" style="background-image: none; text-decoration: none;" title="URL">URL</a> tertentu),</span></li>
<li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><span style="background-color: #666666; color: white;">Elemen <i>widget</i> yang membuat objek-objek lain seperti tombol (<code style="font-family: monospace, Courier;">< button></code>), list (<code style="font-family: monospace, Courier;">< li></code>), dan garis horizontal (< hr>). Konsep hypertext pada HTML memungkinkan pembuatan link pada suatu kelompok kata atau frasa untuk menuju ke bagian manapun dalam World Wide Web,</span></li>
</ul>
<div style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19.200000762939453px; margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-top: 0.4em;">
<span style="background-color: #666666; color: white;">Ada tiga macam pranala (<i>link</i>) yang dapat digunakan:</span></div>
<ul style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19.200000762939453px; list-style-image: url(http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/1/18/Monobook-bullet.png); margin: 0.3em 0px 0px 1.6em; padding: 0px;">
<li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><span style="background-color: #666666; color: white;">Pranala menuju bagian lain dari page.</span></li>
<li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><span style="background-color: #666666; color: white;">Pranala menuju page lain dalam satu web site.</span></li>
<li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><span style="background-color: #666666; color: white;">Pranala menuju resource atau web site yang berbeda.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-4" style="line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: -webkit-isolate;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/HTML#cite_note-4" style="background-image: none; text-decoration: none;">[4]</a></sup></span></li>
</ul>
<div style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19.200000762939453px; margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-top: 0.4em;">
<span style="background-color: #666666; color: white;">Selain markup <i>presentasional</i>, markup yang lain tidak menentukan bagaimana tampilan dari sebuah tulisan. Namun untuk saat ini, penggunaan tag HTML untuk menentukan tampilan telah dianjurkan untuk mulai ditinggalkan, dan sebagai gantinya digunakan <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cascading_Style_Sheets" style="background-image: none; text-decoration: none;" title="Cascading Style Sheets">Cascading Style Sheets</a>.</span></div>
<h3 style="background-image: none; border-bottom-style: none; font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 17px; line-height: 19.200000762939453px; margin: 0px 0px 0.3em; overflow: hidden; padding-bottom: 0.17em; padding-top: 0.5em;">
<span style="background-color: #666666; color: white;"><span class="mw-headline" id="Contoh_dokumen_HTML_sederhana">Contoh dokumen HTML sederhana</span><span class="mw-editsection mw-editsection-expanded" style="-webkit-user-select: none; direction: ltr; display: inline-block; font-size: x-small; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1em; margin-left: 1em; padding-right: 0.25em; unicode-bidi: -webkit-isolate; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: nowrap;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="margin-left: -0.25em; margin-right: 0.25em;">[</span><a class="mw-editsection-visualeditor" href="http://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=HTML&veaction=edit&section=7" style="background-image: none; text-decoration: none;" title="Sunting bagian: Contoh dokumen HTML sederhana">sunting</a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=HTML&action=edit&section=7" style="background-image: none; text-decoration: none;" title="Sunting bagian: Contoh dokumen HTML sederhana">sunting sumber</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="margin-left: 0.25em; margin-right: -0.25em;">]</span></span></span></h3>
<div class="mw-geshi mw-code mw-content-ltr" dir="ltr" style="border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); direction: ltr; font-family: monospace, Courier; font-size: 13px; line-height: 1.3em; padding: 1em;">
<div class="html5 source-html5" style="font-family: monospace; line-height: normal;">
<pre class="de1" style="background-image: none; border: 0px none white; font-family: monospace, monospace; font-size: 1em; line-height: 1.2em; padding: 0px; vertical-align: top;"><span style="background-color: #666666; color: white;"><span class="sc0"><!DOCTYPE html></span>
<span class="sc2"><<span class="kw2" style="font-weight: bold;">html</span>></span>
<span class="sc2"><<span class="kw2" style="font-weight: bold;">head</span> <span class="kw3">bgcolor</span><span class="sy0">=</span>black <span class="kw3">text</span><span class="sy0">=</span>white></span>
<span class="sc2"><<span class="kw2" style="font-weight: bold;">title</span>></span>'''Selamat Datang''' HTML<span class="sc2"><<span class="sy0">/</span><span class="kw2" style="font-weight: bold;">title</span>></span>
<span class="sc2"><<span class="sy0">/</span><span class="kw2" style="font-weight: bold;">head</span>></span>
<span class="sc2"><<span class="kw2" style="font-weight: bold;">body</span>></span>
<span class="sc2"><<span class="kw2" style="font-weight: bold;">p</span>></span>Halo dunia!<span class="sc2"><<span class="sy0">/</span><span class="kw2" style="font-weight: bold;">p</span>></span>
<span class="sc2"><<span class="sy0">/</span><span class="kw2" style="font-weight: bold;">body</span>></span>
<span class="sc2"><<span class="sy0">/</span><span class="kw2" style="font-weight: bold;">html</span>></span>
</span></pre>
</div>
</div>
<div style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19.200000762939453px; margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-top: 0.4em;">
<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-5" style="line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: -webkit-isolate;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/HTML#cite_note-5" style="background-color: #666666; background-image: none; text-decoration: none;"><span style="color: white;">[5]</span></a></sup></div>
<h3 style="background-image: none; border-bottom-style: none; font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 17px; line-height: 19.200000762939453px; margin: 0px 0px 0.3em; overflow: hidden; padding-bottom: 0.17em; padding-top: 0.5em;">
<span style="background-color: #666666; color: white;"><span class="mw-headline" id="Head">Head</span><span class="mw-editsection mw-editsection-expanded" style="-webkit-user-select: none; direction: ltr; display: inline-block; font-size: x-small; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1em; margin-left: 1em; padding-right: 0.25em; unicode-bidi: -webkit-isolate; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: nowrap;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="margin-left: -0.25em; margin-right: 0.25em;">[</span><a class="mw-editsection-visualeditor" href="http://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=HTML&veaction=edit&section=8" style="background-image: none; text-decoration: none;" title="Sunting bagian: Head">sunting</a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=HTML&action=edit&section=8" style="background-image: none; text-decoration: none;" title="Sunting bagian: Head">sunting sumber</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="margin-left: 0.25em; margin-right: -0.25em;">]</span></span></span></h3>
<div style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19.200000762939453px; margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-top: 0.4em;">
<span style="background-color: #666666; color: white;">Dokumen HTML diapit oleh tag <code style="font-family: monospace, Courier;">< HEAD></HEAD></code>. Di dalam bagian ini biasanya dimuat tag TITLE yang menampilkan judul halaman pada titlenya browser. Selain itu Bookmark juga menggunakan tag TITLE untuk memberi mark suatu web site. Browser menyimpan “title” sebagai bookmark dan juga untuk keperluan pencarian (searching) biasanya title digunakan sebagai keyword. Header juga memuat tag META yang biasanya dapat digunakan untuk menentukan informasi tertentu mengenai document HTML. Anda bisa menentukan author name, keywords, dan lainnya pada tag META.</span></div>
<div style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19.200000762939453px; margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-top: 0.4em;">
<span style="background-color: #666666; color: white;">Contoh:</span></div>
<div class="mw-geshi mw-code mw-content-ltr" dir="ltr" style="border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); direction: ltr; font-family: monospace, Courier; font-size: 13px; line-height: 1.3em; padding: 1em;">
<div class="html5 source-html5" style="font-family: monospace; line-height: normal;">
<pre class="de1" style="background-image: none; border: 0px none white; font-family: monospace, monospace; font-size: 1em; line-height: 1.2em; padding: 0px; vertical-align: top;"><span style="background-color: #666666; color: white;"><span class="sc2"><<span class="kw2" style="font-weight: bold;">meta</span> <span class="kw3">name</span><span class="sy0">=</span><span class="st0">"author"</span> <span class="kw3">content</span><span class="sy0">=</span><span class="st0">"ubuntu-online"</span>></span>
</span></pre>
</div>
</div>
<h3 style="background-image: none; border-bottom-style: none; font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 17px; line-height: 19.200000762939453px; margin: 0px 0px 0.3em; overflow: hidden; padding-bottom: 0.17em; padding-top: 0.5em;">
<span class="mw-headline" id="Elemen_Body" style="background-color: #666666; color: white;">Elemen Body</span></h3>
<div style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19.200000762939453px; margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-top: 0.4em;">
<span style="background-color: #666666; color: white;">Bagian BODY, yang dinyatakan dengan tag <code style="font-family: monospace, Courier;">< BODY>…</BODY></code>, merupakan tubuh atau isi dari dokumen HTML dimana anda meletakan informasi yang akan ditampilkan pada browser.</span></div>
<h3 style="background-image: none; border-bottom-style: none; font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 17px; line-height: 19.200000762939453px; margin: 0px 0px 0.3em; overflow: hidden; padding-bottom: 0.17em; padding-top: 0.5em;">
<span class="mw-headline" id="Tag" style="background-color: #666666; color: white;">Tag</span></h3>
<div style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19.200000762939453px; margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-top: 0.4em;">
<span style="background-color: #666666; color: white;">HTML tidak membedakan penggunaan huruf besar ataupun huruf kecil dari suatu elemen. Suatu elemen HTML terdiri dari tag-tag beserta teks yang ada dalam tag-tag tersebut. Tag ini dinyatakan dengan tanda lebih kecil (<) dan tanda lebih besar (>).</span></div>
<div style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19.200000762939453px; margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-top: 0.4em;">
<span style="background-color: #666666; color: white;">Tag biasanya merupakan suatu pasangan yang disebut dengan:</span></div>
<ul style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19.200000762939453px; list-style-image: url(http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/1/18/Monobook-bullet.png); margin: 0.3em 0px 0px 1.6em; padding: 0px;">
<li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><span style="background-color: #666666; color: white;">Tag awal, dinyatakan dalam bentuk <nama tag></span></li>
<li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><span style="background-color: #666666; color: white;">Tag akhir, dinyatakan dalam bentuk </nama tag></span></li>
</ul>
<div style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19.200000762939453px; margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-top: 0.4em;">
<span style="background-color: #666666; color: white;">Formatnya: <nama tag> teks yang ditampilkan </nama tag>.</span></div>
<div style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19.200000762939453px; margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-top: 0.4em;">
<span style="background-color: #666666; color: white;">Contoh: untuk menampilkan teks dalam format teks miring <i>Teks ini terlihat miring di browser anda</i> dengan perintah HTML < i>Teks ini terlihat miring di browser Anda</i></span></div>
<h3 style="background-image: none; border-bottom-style: none; font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 17px; line-height: 19.200000762939453px; margin: 0px 0px 0.3em; overflow: hidden; padding-bottom: 0.17em; padding-top: 0.5em;">
<span class="mw-headline" id="Atribut" style="background-color: #666666; color: white;">Atribut</span></h3>
<div style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19.200000762939453px; margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-top: 0.4em;">
<span style="background-color: #666666; color: white;">Tag awal bisa memiliki beberapa buah atribut yang menyatakan karakteristik dari tag tersebut. Misalnya, <code style="font-family: monospace, Courier;"><P ALIGN=”left”></code> digunakan untuk membuat rata kiri suatu paragraf. Tag yang digunakan adalah <code style="font-family: monospace, Courier;"><P></code> dan atribut yang menyertainya adalah ALIGN dengan nilai left. Nilai atribut ALIGN hanya bisa berupa center, left, right atau justify.</span></div>
<h2 style="background-image: none; border-bottom-color: rgb(170, 170, 170); border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-width: 1px; font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 19px; font-weight: normal; line-height: 19.200000762939453px; margin: 0px 0px 0.6em; overflow: hidden; padding-bottom: 0.17em; padding-top: 0.5em;">
<span class="mw-headline" id="Referensi" style="background-color: #666666; color: white;">Referensi</span></h2>
<div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal; margin-bottom: 0.5em;">
<ol class="references" style="list-style-image: none; list-style-type: inherit; margin: 0.3em 0px 0.5em 3.2em; padding: 0px;">
<li id="cite_note-1" style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.5em; margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><span class="reference-text" style="background-color: #666666; color: white;"><span class="citation book" style="word-wrap: break-word;">Wendy willard (2006). <i>HTML</i>. <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" style="background-image: none; text-decoration: none;" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/9790072263787" style="background-image: none; text-decoration: none;" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/9790072263787">9790072263787</a>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft.aulast=Wendy+willard&rft.isbn=9790072263787&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.date=2006&rft.btitle=HTML&rft.genre=book&rft.au=Wendy+willard&rfr_id=info:sid/id.wikipedia.org:HTML"></span></span></li>
<li id="cite_note-2" style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.5em; margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><span class="reference-text" style="background-color: #666666; color: white;"><span class="citation book" style="word-wrap: break-word;">David Willard (2005). <i>Crash Course</i>. <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" style="background-image: none; text-decoration: none;" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/0071422420" style="background-image: none; text-decoration: none;" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/0071422420">0071422420</a>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft.aulast=David+Willard&rft.isbn=0071422420&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.date=2005&rft.btitle=Crash+Course&rft.genre=book&rft.au=David+Willard&rfr_id=info:sid/id.wikipedia.org:HTML"></span></span></li>
<li id="cite_note-3" style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.5em; margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><span class="reference-text" style="background-color: #666666; color: white;"><span class="citation book" style="word-wrap: break-word;">Andi (2001). <i>Desain Web dengan Microsoft FrontPage 97</i>. Wahana Komputer & Andi Yogyakarta. <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" style="background-image: none; text-decoration: none;" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/9795335219" style="background-image: none; text-decoration: none;" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/9795335219">9795335219</a>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft.aulast=Andi&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.btitle=Desain+Web+dengan+Microsoft+FrontPage+97&rft.pub=Wahana+Komputer+%26+Andi+Yogyakarta&rft.isbn=9795335219&rft.genre=book&rft.date=2001&rft.au=Andi&rfr_id=info:sid/id.wikipedia.org:HTML"></span></span></li>
<li id="cite_note-4" style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.5em; margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><span class="reference-text" style="background-color: #666666; color: white;"><span class="citation book" style="word-wrap: break-word;">Shelly woods (2001). <i>Introductory Concepts and Techniques</i>. Gex publising service. <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" style="background-image: none; text-decoration: none;" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/978142927206" style="background-image: none; text-decoration: none;" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/978142927206">978142927206</a>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft.aulast=Shelly+woods&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.btitle=Introductory+Concepts+and+Techniques&rft.pub=Gex+publising+service&rft.isbn=978142927206&rft.genre=book&rft.date=2001&rft.au=Shelly+woods&rfr_id=info:sid/id.wikipedia.org:HTML"></span></span></li>
<li id="cite_note-5" style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.5em; margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><span class="reference-text" style="background-color: #666666; color: white;">Steven E. Callihan (2006). <i>HTML 4 in a Weekend</i>. USA. <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" style="background-image: none; text-decoration: none;" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/1592000592" style="background-image: none; text-decoration: none;" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/1592000592">1592000592</a>.</span></li>
<li id="cite_note-5" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><span class="reference-text" style="font-size: 12px; line-height: 18px;"><span style="background-color: #666666; color: white; font-family: sans-serif;">http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/HTML</span></span></li>
</ol>
</div>
benhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08280500851980226983noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6297901946487315682.post-55388938257118472772013-06-05T00:07:00.000-07:002013-06-05T01:00:28.661-07:00Jenis Query pada MySql MySql query adalah perintah atau instruksi yang dapat digunakan untuk mengelola database atau tabel dalam database mysql. Query lebih dikenal dengan sebutan SQL (Structured Query Language) yang artinya adalah sebuah bahasa yang digunakan untuk mengakses data dalam basis data relasional.<br /><br />Bahasa ini merupakan bahasa standar yang digunakan dalam mengelola basis data atau database. Banyak database modern seperti mysql, sql server, oracle menggunakan bahasa SQL. Secara umum ada 3 jenis query pada mysql yaitu DDL, DML dan DCL.<br /><br />Mari kita bahas satu persatu.<br /><a name='more'></a><br />1. Query DDL (Data Definition Language).<br /><br /> DDL adalah kumpulan perintah SQL yang digunakan untuk membuat (CREATE), mengubah (ALTER, RENAME) dan menghapus (DROP) struktur dan definisi dari objek-objek database seperti database, tabel, view, index, function, trigger dan field.<br /><br /> Query Jenis DDL, antara lain :<br /> a. CREATE<br /> 1) CREATE DATABASE digunakan untuk membuat database baru.<br /> Contoh :<br /> a) Syntax untuk membuat Database<br /> Create database nama_database<br /> b) Syntax untuk membuat table<br /> Create table namatabel (namakolom1 typedata1,namakolom2 typedata2, namakolom3 typedata3<br /><br /> Type data dapat berupa char(), int, numerik dan sebagainya sesuai dengan nama kolom.<br /><br /> 2) CREATE VIEW merupakan bentuk alternatif penyajian data dari satu tabelatau lebih, beberapa tujuan membuat view adalah meningkatkan keamanan data serta penyederhanaan bagi para pengguna agar tidak mengulang query yang sama.<br /> Contoh :<br /> Create view namaview (kolom1, kolom2, ...) as select statement from namatabel [with check option]<br /> <br /> Keterangan :<br /> namaview : nama view yang dibuat<br /> Column : nama atribut untuk view<br /> statement : atribut yang dipilih dari tabel database<br /> namatabel : nama tabel yang ada pada basis data<br /> <br /> 3) CREATE FUNCTION digunakan untuk membuat function dalam database<br /> Contoh : <br /> create function nama_function (kolom1 varchar(15), kolom2 varchar(15))<br /><br /> 4) CREATE INDEX digunakan untuk membuat index<br /> Contoh :<br /> - create [unique] index namaindex on namatabel (namakolom) <br /> - CREATE INDEX id_index ON NamaTable(kolomtabel_index)<br /><br /> <br /> 5) CREATE PROCEDURE digunakan untuk membuat prosedure dalama database<br /> Contoh :<br /> CREATE PROCEDURE nama_procedure (parameter_procedure())routine_body<br /><br /> 6) CREATE TRIGGER digunakan untuk membuat trigger (perintah sql yang dikerjakan otomatis pada event tertentu)<br /> Contoh : <br /> - CREATE [DEFINER = { user | CURRENT_USER }] TRIGGER trigger_name trigger_time trigger_event ON tbl_name <br /> FOR EACH ROW trigger_body<br /> - CREATE TRIGGER NamaTrigger BEFORE UPDATE ON NamaTable <br /> <br /> Keterangan :<br /> trigger_name : nama trigger.<br /> trigger_time : kapan kita mengeksekusi trigger, <br /> apakah sebelum atau sesudah perubahan pada row data table. <br /> Jadi pilihannya adalah AFTER atau BEFORE.<br /> trigger_event : merupakan event atau peristiwa yang <br /> menyebabkan trigger dilakukan. Pilihan event tersebut <br /> adalah INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE.<br /> tbl_name : nama table.<br /> trigger_body : statement-statement perintah SQL yang akan <br /> dilakukan. Jika perintahnya lebih dari satu maka gunakan <br /> dalam blok statement BEGIN ... END.<br /> Jika DEFINER dispesifikasikan maka kita memutuskan trigger tersebut dijalankan <br /> hanya oleh user tertentu (dalam format penulisan user@host). <br /> Jika tidak dispesifikasikan, maka user yang melakukan perubahan <br /> (CURRENT_USER) adalah pilihan default.<br /> Sesuai namanya, OLD digunakan untuk referensi sebelum perubahan dan NEW untuk referensi sesudah perubahan.<br /><br /> b. ALTER, RENAME <br /> 1) ALTER DATABASE digunakan untuk mengubah pengaturan database<br /> Contoh :<br /> ALTER DATABASE nama_database CHARACTER SET = 'binary';<br /><br /> 2) ALTER FUNCTION digunakan untuk mengubah function<br /> Contoh :<br /> CREATE FUNCTION nama_function(str CHAR(20))<br /><br /> 3) ALTER PROCEDURE digunakan untuk mengubah procedure<br /> Contoh :<br /> ALTER PROCEDURE Sproc SQL SECURITY DEFINER;<br /><br /> 4) ALTER TABLE digunakan untuk mengubah susunan dan pengaturan table<br /> Contoh :<br /> - Alter table namatabel Modify (namakolom typekolom) Untuk mengganti type kolom dan nama kolom.<br /> - Alter table namatabel add (namakolom type kolom[[before, namakolom]]) menambah kolom.<br /> - Alter table namatabel drop (namakolom typekolom) untuk menghapus kolom pada sebuah tabel.<br /><br /> 5) ALTER VIEW digunakan untuk mengubah pengaturan laporan<br /> Contoh :<br /> - ALTER VIEW Nama_View(kolom1, kolom2, kolom3) AS SELECT kolom1, kolom2, kolom3 FROM Nama_Table <br /> where kondisi <br /> - View Nama_View<br /><br /> 6) RENAME TABLE digunakan untuk mengubah nama table<br /> Contoh :<br /> ALTER TABLE nama_table_lama RENAME nama_table_lama <br /><br /> c. DROP <br /> 1) DROP DATABASE digunakan untuk menghapus database<br /> Contoh :<br /> DROP database NamaDatabase<br /> 2) DROP FUNCTION digunakan untuk menghapus function<br /> Contoh :<br /> DROP FUNCTION NamaDatabase.NamaFunction<br /> 3) DROP INDEX digunakan untuk menghapus index<br /> Contoh :<br /> DROP INDEX indexname ON tablename<br /> 4) DROP PROCEDURE digunakan untuk procedure<br /> Contoh :<br /> DROP procedure NamaDatabase.NamaProcedure<br /> 5) DROP TABLE digunakan untuk menghapus table<br /> Contoh :<br /> DROP table NamaTable<br /> 6) DROP TRIGGER digunakan untuk menghapus trigger<br /> Contoh :<br /> DROP TRIGGER NamaTrigger<br /> 7) DROP VIEW digunakan untuk menghapus format laporan<br /> Contoh :<br /> DROP view NamaView<br /><br />2. Query DML (Data Manipulation Language)<br /> DML adalah kependekan dari Data Manipulation Language. DML adalah kumpulan perintah SQL yang berhubungan dengan proses mengolah dan memanipulasi data dalam table. DML tidak terkait dengan perubahan struktur dan definisi tipe data dari objek database.<br />Query Jenis DML<br /> a. SELECT digunakan untuk menampilkan nilai atau record yang di pilih<br /> Contoh :<br /> - Select namakolom from namatabel<br /> * = digunakan untuk pilihan semua kolom<br /> - Select * from namatabel<br /><br /> b. INSERT digunakan untuk menambah nilai pada suatu table<br /> Contoh :<br /> insert into namatabel values (‘value1’, ‘value2’,’ ...’)<br /> keterangan : value adalah nilai yang ingin dimasukkan ke dalam kolom<br /><br /> c. UPDATE digunakan untuk mengubah data yang sudah ada<br /> Contoh :<br /> Update namatabel SET namakolom = recordbaru where kondisi<br /> keterangan recordbaru di ubah sesuai dengan nama nilai baru yang akan di ubah<br /><br /> d. DELETE digunakan untuk menghapus data<br /> Contoh :<br /> DELETE namakolom from namatabel where kondisi<br /><br /> Variasi penggunaan jenis query DML lebih banyak karena berhubungan dengan data dalam satu atau banyak tabel database. Setiap kasus manipulasi data akan menciptakan susunan baru dengan perintah dasar yang sama.<br /><br />3. Query DCL (Data Control Language)<br /> Data Control Language (DCL) merupakan sub bahasa SQL yang digunakan untuk melakukan pengontrolan data dan server databasenya.<br /> a. GRANT<br /> Perintah ini digunakan untuk memberikan hak / izin akses oleh administrator (pemilik utama) server kepada user (pengguna biasa). Hak akses tersebut berupa hak membuat (CREATE), mengambil (SELECT), menghapus (DELETE), mengubah (UPDATE) dan hak khusus berkenaan dengan sistem databasenya.<br /> Contoh :<br /> - Grant privilages on namatabel to namapengguna<br /> - GRANT SELECT, INSERT, DELETE ON database TO username@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'password'<br /> artinya memberikan izin akses kepada namapengguna<br /><br /> b. REVOKE<br /> yaitu untuk mencabut izin akses kepada pengguna yang telah di beri izin akses<br /> Contoh :<br /> REVOKE privileges ON namatabel from namapengguna<br /><br />Semua jenis query mysql ini dapat digunakan dalam pemrograman web seperti PHP. <br />Semoga Bermanfaat<br /><br /><br /><br /><br />benhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08280500851980226983noreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6297901946487315682.post-87168678098601470402013-04-09T21:44:00.000-07:002013-04-09T21:44:16.658-07:00Pengenalan Cyber War<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjZ1B4Bbn8MlmKo_uqWu1WymEjDOpJDwbYy4AJpj8AdO_T5YiirCZksyjOBfGoD3AgszkPZYGYcaJBMrX8jvu7tKWUzWIyzpomzoHjJYEHkye0vO9IFCDlmGY9DE0gh6-ep2PbtkXzvuVM/s1600/password-cracking.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjZ1B4Bbn8MlmKo_uqWu1WymEjDOpJDwbYy4AJpj8AdO_T5YiirCZksyjOBfGoD3AgszkPZYGYcaJBMrX8jvu7tKWUzWIyzpomzoHjJYEHkye0vO9IFCDlmGY9DE0gh6-ep2PbtkXzvuVM/s320/password-cracking.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 13.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">1.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Pengertian Cyber Warfare </span></b></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Cyber warfare merupakan perang yang sudah mengunakan jaringan komputer dan internet atau dunia maya cyber space dalam bentuk strategi pertahanan atau penyerangan sistem informasi strategi lawan. </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 18.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Richard A. Clark, seorang ahli dibidang keamanan pemerintahan dalam bukunya Cyber War (Mei 2010), mendefinisikan Cyber War sebagai aksi penetrasi suatu negara terhadap jaringan komputer lain dengan tujuan menyebabkan kerusakan dan gangguan. Majalah <i>The Economist</i> menjelaskan bahwa <i>cyber war</i> adalah domain kelima dari perang, setelah darat, laut, udara dan ruang angkasa. </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 18.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Cyber warfare juga dikenal sebagai perang cyber mengacu pada penggunaan world wide web dan komputer untuk melakukan perang di dunia maya. Walaupun terkadang relatif minimal dan ringan, sejauh ini perang cyber berpotensi menyebabkan kehilangan secara serius dalam sistem data dan informasi, kegiatan militer dan gangguan layanan lainnya, cyber warfare berarti dapat menimbulkan seperti risiko bencana di seluruh dunia. </span><br />
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</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-outline-level: 3;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 18.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 13.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">2.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Metode Penyerangan Cyber War</span></b></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-outline-level: 3;">
<br /></div>
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 18.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-outline-level: 4;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">a.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Pengumpulan Informasi</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Spionase cyber merupakan bentuk aksi pengumpulan informasi
bersifat rahasia dan sensitif dari individu, pesaing, rival, kelompok
lain pemerintah dan musuh baik dibidang militer, politik, maupun ekonomi.
Metode yang digunakan dengan cara eksploitasi secara ilegal melalui
internet, jaringan, perangkat lunak dan atau komputer negara lain. Informasi
rahasia yang tidak ditangani dengan keamanan menjadi sasaran untuk dicegat dan
bahkan diubah.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; text-indent: .5in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-outline-level: 4;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">b.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Vandalism</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Serangan yang dilakukan sering dimaksudkan untuk merusak
halaman web (<i>Deface</i>), atau menggunakan serangan <i>denial-of-service</i>
yaitu merusak sumberdaya dari komputer lain . Dalam banyak kasus hal ini dapat
dengan mudah dikembalikan. <i>Deface</i> sering dalam bentuk propaganda. Selain
penargetan situs dengan propaganda, pesan politik dapat didistribusikan melalui
internet via email, <i>instant messges</i>, atau pesan teks.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; text-indent: .5in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-outline-level: 4;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">c.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Sabotase</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Sabotase merupakan kegiatan Militer yang menggunakan
komputer dan satelit untuk mengetahui koordinat lokasi dari peralatan musuh
yang memiliki resiko tinggi jika mengalami gangguan. Sabotase dapat berupa
penyadapan Informasi dan gangguan peralatan komunikasi sehingga sumber energi,
air, bahan bakar, komunikasi, dan infrastruktur transportasi semua menjadi
rentan terhadap gangguan. Sabotase dapat berupa software berbahaya yang
tersembunyi dalam hardware komputer.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; text-indent: .5in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-outline-level: 4;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">d.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Serangan Pada jaringan Listrik</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Bentuk serangan dapat berupa pemadaman jaringan listrik
sehingga bisa mengganggu perekonomian, mengalihkan perhatian terhadap
serangan militer lawan yang berlangsung secara simultan, atau mengakibat trauma
nasional. Serangan dilakukan menggunkan program sejenis <i>trojan horse</i>
untuk mengendalikan infrastruktur kelistrikan.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Pemerintah federal Amerika Serikat mengakui bahwa transmisi
tenaga listrik rentan terhadap Cyber War. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Departemen Keamanan Dalam Negeri Amerika Serikat
berusaha mengidentifikasi kerentanan dan membantu industri dalam meningkatkan
keamanan sistem kontrol jaringan listriknya. Pemerintah federal juga
bekerja untuk memastikan bahwa jaringan listrik yang dikembangkan telah
menerapkan teknologi “smart grid” sejak bulan April 2009 lalu. Mantan
pejabat kemanan nasional Amerika Serikat melaporkan bahwa Cina dan Rusia pernah
menyusup ke jaringan listik AS dan meningglkan program aplikasi yang dapat
mengganggu sistem. The North American Electric Reliability Corporation (NERC)
juga melaporkannya ke publik dan memperingatkan bahwa jaringan listrik tidak
aman terhadap serangan Cyber War. Namun, Cina menyangkal atas berbagai tuduhan
penyusupan tersebut.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Kenyataan bahwa cyber warfare menjadi mandala perang baru
sudah didepan kita semua. Penyerangan secara terbatas telah
terjadi berkali-kali oleh beberapa negara, kondisi ini dapat juga
diasumsikan sebagai uji coba, namun peperangan yang sesungguhnya dan jauh lebih
besar telah dipersiapkan. Daftar trend ancaman serangan cyber
disajikan dalam urutan kecanggihan, dan sesuai dengan urutan kronologis
kejadian pada jaringan komputer yang digunakan antara tahun 1990-an
sampai 2008.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 1.0in; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Internet social engineering attacks.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 1.0in; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Network sniffers.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 1.0in; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Packet spoofing.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 1.0in; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Hijacking sessions.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 1.0in; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Automated probes and scans.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 1.0in; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">GUI intruder tools.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 1.0in; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Automated widespread attacks.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 1.0in; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Widespread denial-of-service
attacks.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 1.0in; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Executable code attacks (against
browsers).</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 1.0in; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Techniques to analyse code with
Vulnerabilities without source.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 1.0in; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Widespread attacks on DNS
infrastructure.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 1.0in; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Widespread attacks using NNTP to
distribute attack.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 1.0in; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">“Stealth” and other advanced
scanning techniques.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 1.0in; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Windows-based remote controllable
Trojans (Back Orifice).</span></div>
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</span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Email propagation of malicious code.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Wide-scale Trojan distribution.</span></div>
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</span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Distributed attack tools.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
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attacks.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 1.0in; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Targeting of specific users.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 1.0in; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Anti-forensic techniques</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 1.0in; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Wide-scale use of worms.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 1.0in; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Sophisticated command and control
attacks.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Trend ancaman serangan cyber akan berkembang terus sesuai
perkembangan teknologi informasi, oleh karenanya perlu melakukan riset
terus-menerus untuk mampu mengatasi berbagai teknik, taktik dan, strategi
penyerangan cyber yang akan terus berkembang.</span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 13.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">3.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Mengantisipasi Cyber War</span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Sistem internet secara strategis
bersifat sangat rentan terhadap gangguan atau serangan, namun merupakan
investasi yang menarik dan diperlukan dalam berbagai bidang kehidupan, sangat
sulit mempertahankan diri dari serangan dan gangguan, sehingga perlu persiapan,
kewaspadaan dan pertahanan berlapis. Penyerangan dapat dilakukan dari negara
lain, dan dapat dilakukan oleh <i>non-state actor</i>. </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Adapun taktik dan strategi yang
digunakan dapat berupa spionase, propaganda, menghentikan operasional internet,
memodifikasi data, dan memanipulasi infrastruktur, serta akan terus berkembang,
semua ini akan sangat merugikan dan melemahkan sendi-sendi kehidupan negara.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Menghadapi era Cyber War yang
sudah didepan mata, maka tidak tepat jika pemerintah melepas begitu saja kepada
kemampuan mekanisme pasar, namun pemerintah perlu memikirkan dan mempersiapkan
segala sesuatunya untuk melindungi pengguna internet dalam negeri.
Infrastruktur berupa fasilitas komputer super, media broadband dan sumber daya
manusia yang mumpuni perlu disiapkan oleh pemerintah, jika tidak ingin sistem
internet dan ethernet nasional dikacaukan oleh pihak lain pada suatu
saat. Cyber War tidak hanya terbatas pada kelompok militer, cyber war
bisa dalam bentuk kecil dalam suatu negara atau antarnegara. Di sinilah
perlunya <i>awareness</i> nasional harus disebarluaskan dan ditumbuhkan.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">AS sebagai negara yang memiliki
kemampuan finansial dan menguasai teknologi tinggi, telah mempersiapkan diri
menghadapi cyber war dengan membangun dalam jumlah banyak komputer
super berkemampuan sangat tinggi, media broadband (fiber optic, satelit) dan
menyiapkan sumber daya manusia berkualitas. Mungkin AS dapat
dijadikan sebagai rujukan untuk mengembangkan kemampuan. Hasil test
terakhir lima besar komputer super berkemampuan sangat tinggi dengan Rmax
dan Rpeak yang dinilai dengan ukuran Tera Flops/ 1012 Flops (FLoating point
Operations Per Second), nomor 1 sampai 3 diduduki komputer
US. Power data diukur dalam KW untuk seluruh sistem.</span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Jaguar – Cray XT5-HE Opteron Six
Core 2.6 GHz, Cray Inc. super computer berkemampuan sangat tinggi milik
US, merupakan infrastruktur yang dapat digunakan untuk melakukan manouver
spionase, propaganda, menghentikan operasional internet, memodifikasi data, dan
memanipulasi infrastruktur, secara menyakinkan jauh meninggalkan kemampuan
negara-negara lain, terlebih yang tidak memiliki komputer super.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Agar pertahanan menjadi handal dapat
diambil kesimpulan bahwa diperlukan suatu kekuatan “prajurit cyber” yang
terdiri dari orang-orang yang sangat terampil dan ahli dalam seni Cyber War.
Pemerintah, militer, penegak hukum, inteljen, sektor swasta dan hacker
perlu mengambil inisiatif untuk melatih orang-orang mereka di bidang perang
cyber. Ketrampilan yang diperlukan oleh prajurit-prajurit cyber
meliputi bermacam-macam keahlian, namun keterampilan kunci meliputi :
keamanan informasi, hacking, spionase, dan komputer forensik.
Kenyataan bahwa penting memperoleh sistem informasi dalam peperangan
cyber, hal ini menunjukkan bahwa keamanan informasi menjadi kunci sukses dari
sebuah konflik atau bahkan perang. Perang cyber telah menjadi perhatian
dunia, kondisi ini telah mempengaruhi perkembangan tentara di banyak negara dan
pengembangan teknologi senjata. Disamping tentara cyber,
infrastruktur broadband dan komputer super dengan segala pendukungnya perlu
disiapkan untuk menghadapi segala kemungkinan cyber war yang akan terjadi,
tanpa infrastruktur yang memadahi maka kita tidak akan mampu berbuat apa-apa
jika diserang dan, apakah kita hanya menunggu setelah kejadian baru
mempersiapkan segala sesuatunya. Banyak negara telah menyadari
bahwa era cyber war telah dimulai dan mereka berlomba mempersiapkan diri dengan
membentuk <i>Cyber SecurityOperations Centre (CSOC)</i> dengan segala perangkat
pendukungnya.</span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Sumber:</span></div>
<ul style="margin-top: 0in;" type="disc">
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Kol Lek Noor Pramadi, <i>Mandala Perang Baru “Cyber
Warfare” Sudah Dimulai !!!</i></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Browser China ‘Tembak’ Perusahaan Amerika, <a href="http://www.namadomain.com/"><span style="color: blue;">http://www.namadomain.com/</span></a>,
Feb 2010.</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Cyber Warfare: Strategy & Tactics, Kenneth Geers, <a href="http://www.internetevolution.com/"><span style="color: blue;">http://www.internetevolution.com/</span></a>,
Feb 2010.</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Cyberwarfare, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/"><span style="color: blue;">http://en.wikipedia.org/</span></a>, Feb 2010.</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Hacker Menyerang Situs Pemerintahan Georgia, <a href="http://www.erakomputer.com/"><span style="color: blue;">http://www.erakomputer.com/</span></a>,
Feb 2010.</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">List of cyber attack threat trends, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span style="color: blue;">http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/</span></a>,
Feb 2010.</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Network-2, <a href="http://expertvoices.nsdl.org/cornell-info204/files/2008/02/network2.jpg"><span style="color: blue;">http://expertvoices.nsdl.org/cornell-info204/files/2008/02/network2.jpg</span></a>,
Feb 2010.</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">TOP-500 List – November 2009, <a href="http://www.top500.org/"><span style="color: blue;">http://www.top500.org/</span></a>,
Feb 2010.</span></li>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Artikel Berhubungan:</span></div>
<ul style="margin-top: 0in;" type="disc">
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><a href="http://fairuzelsaid.wordpress.com/2010/08/19/cyberlaw-ancaman-cyberwar/"><span style="color: blue;">CyberLaw – Ancaman Cyberwar</span></a></span></li>
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<br /><br />
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benhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08280500851980226983noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6297901946487315682.post-67276367841285651522013-04-02T21:16:00.003-07:002013-04-02T21:18:14.793-07:00PENGENALAN PHP<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
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</xml><![endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">I. UMUM</span></b>
<br />
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Web
pada awalnya sangat menjemukan bagi orang-orang yang dinamis. Bagaimana tidak,
pemakainya hanya dicekoki oleh isi (<i>content</i>) halaman web yang meskipun
bersifat saling terhubung dengan halaman web yang lain (<i>hyperlink</i>) tetap
saja tidak memberikan saluran bagi pengguna yang ingin mengemukakan
pendapatnya. Tidak ada demokrasi, karena pengguna hanya bersifat pasif dan
tidak bisa berinteraksi secara aktif dalam web. Ketika akhirnya ditemukan <i>tag
</i><FORM> barulah kejemuan dan kebuntuan yang ada menjadi sirna.
Pengguna menjadi bisa secara aktif berinteraksi dengan halaman web, dan mulailah
era aplikasi berbasis web yang dinamis.</span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"></span></div>
<a name='more'></a><br />
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Berbagai macam bahasa pemrograman yang
berbasis web saat ini, yang </span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">menawarkan dengan segala kelebihan dan
kekurangan yang ada terutama <span style="color: black;">bahasa pemrograman web
dinamis</span>. Untuk menjadi programmer handal harus dapat memilih dan
menguasai bahasa pemrograman yang mengikuti perkembangan</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">-perkembangan
teknologi khususnya bahasa pemrograman yang berbasis server (<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">server side scripting</i>), misalnya bahasa <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">ASP</b> (<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Active Server Page</i>), <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Cold
Fusion</b>, <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">JSP</b> (<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Java Server Page</i>), <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Perl</b> ataupun <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">PHP</b>.</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"> </span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 28.35pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 28.35pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">PHP (<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">PHP :
Hypertext Prepocessor</i>)<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>tergolong
sebagai perangkat lunak <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">open source</i> yang
diatur dalam aturan <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">General Purpose
Licenses</i> (GPL) dan dapat digunakan di berbagai Sistem Operasi seperti <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Linux</b>, <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Unix</b>, <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Macintosh</b> dan <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Windows</b>.</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 28.35pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 28.35pt;">
<br /></div>
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><b>II</b></span><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">. SEJARAH
PHP</span></b>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Rasmus Lerdorf</span></b><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> adalah bapak penemu
awal bahasa PHP ini, yang bermula dari keinginan sederhana Rasmus Lerdorf untuk
mempunyai alat bantu (<i>tools</i>) dalam memonitor pengunjung yang melihat
situs web pribadinya. Inilah sebabnya pada awal pengembangannya, PHP merupakan
singkatan dari <i>Personal Home Page tools</i>, sebelum akhirnya dipaksakan
menjadi singkatan rekursif dari <i>PHP: Hypertext Preprocessor</i>. </span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Pertengahan
tahun 1995 dirilis PHP/FI (FI adalah singkatan dari <i>Form Interpreter</i>)
yang memiliki kemampuan dasar membangun aplikasi web, memproses form, dan
mendukung database mSQL. Pada perkembangannya, kode tersebut dirilis ke umum
sehingga mulai banyak dikembangkan oleh programmer diseluruh dunia.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 28.35pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: 28.35pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Pada Tahun
1997 PHP 2.0 dirilis, pada versi ini sudah diintegrasi pada bahasa pemrograman
C dan dilengkapi dengan modulnya sehingga kualitas kerja PHP meningkat secara
signifikan. Pada tahun ini juga sebuah perusahaan yang bernama Zend (akronim
dari pengembangnya, <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Zeev Suraski</b> dan
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Andi Gutmans</b>) merilis ulang PHP dengan
menggunakan mesin <i>scripting </i>Zend<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>untuk memberikan kinerja yang lebih bersih, baik dan cepat.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 28.35pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: 28.35pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Pada tahun
1998 PHP 3.0 diluncurkan, kualitas dan kestabilan kecepatan ditingkatkan dan memiliki
dukungan lebih luas lagi terhadap database yang ada termasuk <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">MySQL</b> dan <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Oracle</b>.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 28.35pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: 28.35pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Pada tahun
1999 PHP 4.0 dirilis. PHP verfsi ini paling banyak digunakan pada awal abad 21
karena sudah mampu membangun web komplek dengan stabilitas kecepatan yang
tinggi.</span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Pada tahun
2004, Zend merilis PHP 5.0. Dalam versi ini initi dari interpreter PHP
mengalami perubahan besar. Versi ini juga memasukkan model pemrograman
berorientasi objek kedalam PHP untuk menjawab perkembangan ke arah paradigma
berorientasi objek.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 28.35pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: 28.35pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Pada saat ini
PHP versi 6.0 sudah <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">support</i> terhadap <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">unicode</i>, juga banyak fitur penting
lainnya ditambahkan, antara lain : </span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Support Unicode, lebih mudah untuk membangun
dan memelihara aplikasi.</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 56.7pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-list: l1 level2 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -28.35pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Perbaikan keamanan.</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 56.7pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-list: l1 level2 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -28.35pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -.2pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -.2pt;">Fitur dan konstruksi
baru, sejumlah fitur sintaks baru ditambahkan seperti :</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 74.7pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">64-bit integer type.</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 74.7pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Membangun perulangan untuk <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">array</i> multidimensi.</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 74.7pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Serta dukungan untuk <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">labeled breaks</i>.</span></div>
<br />
<br />
<br />
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<br />
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"></span></span></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">III. PENGERTIAN
PHP</span></b>
<br />
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">PHP (</span><i><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">PHP: Hypertext
Preprocessor</span></i><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">). Yaitu bahasa pemrograman web <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">server-side </i>yang bersifat <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">open source</i>. PHP merupakan script yang
terintegrasi dengan HTML dan berada pada server (<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">server side HTML embedded scripting</i>). PHP adalah script yang digunakan
untuk membuat halaman website yang dinamis. Dinamis berarti halaman yang yang
akan ditampilkan dibuat saat halaman itu diminta oleh <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">client</i>. Mekanisme ini menyebabkan informasi yang diterima client
selalu yang terbaru/<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">up to date</i>. Semua
script php dieksekusi pada server dimana <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">script</i>
tersebut dijalankan.</span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Konsep
pemrograman dengan PHP ini sedikit berbeda dengan pemrograman dengan menggunakan
<i>script </i>CGI yang memaksa kita untuk selalu menulis kode yang menghasilkan
keluaran dalam format HTML. Pada PHP, kita diberikan kebebasan untuk menyisipkan
kode PHP di mana pun pada halaman HTML biasa dan menjalankan kode PHP tersebut
setiap ada permintaan terhadap halaman tersebut. Interpreter PHP dalam
mengeksekusi kode PHP pada sisi server (disebut <i>server-side</i>) dan berbeda
dengan mesin maya Java yang mengeksekusi program pada sisi client (<i>client-side</i>).
Proses eksekusi kode PHP yang disisipkan pada halaman HTML secara diagram dapat
digambar sebagai berikut.</span></div>
<br />
<br />
<br />
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">IV. KEUNGGULAN
PHP </span></b></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Beberapa
keunggulan yang dimiliki bahasa pemrograman PHP adalah :</span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Bahasa pemrograman PHP adalah sebuah bahasa
script yang tidak melakukan sebuah kompilasi dalam penggunaanya.</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 56.7pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.0pt; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -28.35pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Kesederhanaan (<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">simplicity</i>). User yang baru belajar
pemrograman sangat mudah untuk belajar membuat aplikasi web PHP. Selain itu PHP
memiliki banyak sekali fungsi built-in untuk menangani kebutuhan standar
pembuatan aplikasi web. Dengan adanya fungsi-fungsi tersebut, maka proses
pembelajaran dan pembuatan aplikasi akan jauh lebih mudah karena semua sudah tersedia,
kita sebagai user tinggal menggunakan dan mengembangkannya. </span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 56.7pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.0pt; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -28.35pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Dalam sisi
pemahaman, PHP adalah bahasa script yang paling mudah karena memiliki referensi
yang banyak tersedia.</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 56.7pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.0pt; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -28.35pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">4.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">PHP adalah bahasa <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">open source</i> yang dapat digunakan disemua
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">platform</i> sistem operasi, seperti : <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Linux</b>, <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Unix</b>, <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Macintosh</b> dan <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Windows.</b> PHP dapat dijalankan secara <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">runtime</i> melalui <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">console</i> serta dapat menjalankan perintah-perintah sistem. <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Open source</i> berarti kode-kode terbuka
untuk umum tersedia dengan gratis tanpa harus membayar lisensi, sehingga
memungkinkan komunitas milis-milis dan developer melakukan perbaikan,
pengembangan dan menemukan bug dalam bahasa PHP.</span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">5.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Web Server yang
mendukung PHP dapat ditemukan dimana-mana, mulai dari Apache, IIS, Lighttpd,
hingga Xitami dengan configurasi yang relatif lebih mudah.</span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">6.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">PHP juga dilengkapi
dengan berbagai pendukung lain seperti support langsung ke berbagai database
yang populer, misal : </span></div>
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<li><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Adabas D</span></li>
<li><span lang="IN" style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">dBase</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Empress</span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"> </span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">File pro (read
only)</span></li>
<li><span lang="IN" style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"></span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">FrontBase</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Hyperwave</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">IBM DB2</span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"> </span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Informix</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Interbase</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">MSQL</span></li>
<li><span lang="IN" style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"></span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">PostgreSQL</span></li>
<li><span lang="IN" style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"></span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">M</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">y</span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">SQL</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">Oracle (OC17 dan OC18) dll</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">.</span></li>
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<br />
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 28.35pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.0pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -28.35pt;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"></span></span></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">V. DASAR
PEMROGRAMAN PHP</span></b></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Sintaks Dasar PHP</span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">a.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">HTML Escaping</span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">PHP mempunyai tags, tag pembuka (“<?php”)
atau (“<?”) dan penutup (“?>”). Yang berarti bahwa PHP akan
menterjemhakan baris-baris kode/perintah yang berada dalam tanda tersebut,
untuk baris-baris kode/perintah diluar tanda tersebut akan diabaikan, contoh :</span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt;"><div>Ini akan diabaikan.</div></span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="color: blue; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt;"><?php</span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="color: green; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt;">echo</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt;"> <span style="color: red;">“Yang ini akan di parse
atau diterjemahkan.”</span>;</span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="color: blue; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt;">?></span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt;"><p> Ini akan diabaikan juga.</p></span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Ada
4 jenis penulisan pasangan tag pembuka dan penutup berbeda yang bisa digunakan
pada PHP, antar lain :</span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"><?php .... ?>
</span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"><script
language=”php”> ..... </script>. </span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"><? ..... ?>
atau short tags.</span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">4)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"><% ..... %> atau
ASP style tags.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 56.7pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Kita
dapat memilih salah satu keempat cara penulisan tag pembuka dan penutup diatas
tetapi yang sering digunakan adalah pada cara no 1 dan 3, perlu diperhatikan
cara penulisan yaitu :</span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Harus
diawali tanda <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><?php</b> dan diakhiri
tanda <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">?></b>. </span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Tiap
akhir baris harus selalu diberi tanda titik koma (<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">;</b>). </span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">PHP
bersifat <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">case sensitive</i> artinya
penulisan huruf besar dan kecil pada kode PHP sangat berpengaruh.</span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">b.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Komentar atau
Remarks.</span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Terkadang kita membutuhkan beberapa baris
keterangan program yang sering disebut <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">remarks</i>,
teks yang tidak ikut dieksekusi oleh server. Cara penulisannya sebagai berikut
:</span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Jika remarks hanya
1 baris gunakan tanda “<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">//</b>” atau “<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">#</b>”.</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 113.4pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.0pt; mso-list: l0 level4 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -28.35pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Jika remarks
terdiri dari beberapa baris yang berurutan maka lebih efektif menggunakan tanda
“ <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">/* ..... */</b> ”.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 85.05pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Contoh
: </span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><html></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 85.05pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><body></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 85.05pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="color: blue; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><?php</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"> </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 85.05pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="color: green; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">echo</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"> <span style="color: red;">"Hallo
PHP"</span>;</span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="color: #ff9900; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">//ini komentar, tidak
akan dieksekusi</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 85.05pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="color: blue; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">?></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 85.05pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"></body></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 85.05pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"></html></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 56.7pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.0pt; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -28.35pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Tipe Data</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 56.7pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">PHP
mendukung delapan jenis tipe data, antara lain :</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 85.05pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -28.35pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">a.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Tipe <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Scalar</i>. Tipe scalar tidak bisa dipecah
lagi menjadi bagian yang lebih kecil, yaitu :</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.0pt; mso-list: l0 level4 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -21.3pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Boolean.
</span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Tipe ini baru dikenalkan pada php
versi 4. Tipe ini memiliki dua nilai yaitu TRUE or FALSE.</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Kedua nilai ini dapat ditulis tanpa memperhatikan huruf besar ataupun
kecil. Tipe ini biasanya digunakan untuk menguji suatu ekspresi bersyarat.
Adapun nilai TRUE atau FALSE dapat dinyatakan dengan suatu nilai pada tipe data
lainnya.</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Contoh
:</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.0pt; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: blue; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"><?php </span><span lang="IN" style="color: blue; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.0pt; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">$ada = true;</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.0pt; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">if($ada == TRUE){</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.0pt; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="color: green; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">echo</span><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"> <span style="color: red;">"NIM ada
terdaftar dalam database kami"</span>;</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.0pt; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">} else</span><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">{</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.0pt; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;">
<span lang="PT-BR" style="color: green; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">echo</span><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">
"<span style="color: red;">Maaf NIM anda tidak terdaftar"</span>;</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.0pt; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">}</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.0pt; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: blue; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">?></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 85.05pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.0pt; mso-list: l0 level4 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Integer. </span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Tipe ini merupakan tipe bilangan bulat. </span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 106.35pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Contoh bilangan bulat : </span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">-</span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">1 , 0 , 1 , 2 , 100 . Untuk menyatakan suatu nilai
bilangan bulat kita bisa menggunakan format desimal, octal maupun hexadesimal.</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Contoh penulisan nilai integer pada berbagai format :</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: blue; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">$a = 1234; # desimal </span><span lang="IN" style="color: blue; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: blue; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">$a = -123; # negatif desimal </span><span lang="IN" style="color: blue; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="PT-BR" style="color: blue; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">$a = 0123; # octal (sama dengan 83 dalam
desimal)</span><span lang="IN" style="color: blue; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="PT-BR" style="color: blue; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">$a = 0x1A; # hexadecimal (sama dengan 26
dalam desimal)</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 106.35pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.0pt; mso-list: l0 level4 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -21.3pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Float.
</span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Tipe ini merupakan tipe bilangan
real. Pada bahasa pemrograman seperti C/C++, tipe float terdiri dari single,
double. Pada php jangkauan float juga tergantung pada platform yang </span><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">digunakan, dimana maksimum bisa mencapai 1.8e308 dengan
presisi 14 digit (64 bits).</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Contoh penulisan nilai float :</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: blue; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">$a = 1.234;</span><span lang="IN" style="color: blue; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: blue; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">$a = 1.2e3;</span><span lang="IN" style="color: blue; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: blue; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">$a = 7E-10;</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 106.35pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.0pt; mso-list: l0 level4 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -21.3pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">4)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">String.
</span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">String merupakan kumpulan
karakter. Pada php karakter sama dengan tipe bilangan byte yang mana memiliki
256 karakter berbeda. Panjang dari string yang dapat dibuat dibatasi oleh
ukuran memori komputer kita. Jadi panjang string tak terbatas sepanjang memori
kita mencukupi. Penulisan string pada php dapat diapit dengan tanda petik
tunggal (') atau petik ganda (") .</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Contoh penulisan string :</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="FI" style="color: blue; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FI; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">$untai = 'Ini merupakan untaian karakter';</span><span lang="IN" style="color: blue; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="SV" style="color: blue; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">$rantai = "ini juga berupa string";</span><span lang="IN" style="color: blue; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Karakter
Escape :</span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgf8k2IXHHKKcUTDLvM1Pq66GoiWK61D6xlMWYjAA_qqoQ-f7a1uiN0garB78e5F1_rEVG1daboAL9v9_bNUrLDOzc1jvfx3Tu-EDvH7m6eLHMMYbAKkfuyWHbC7N08qEnkP2vfMITQcec/s1600/karakter_esc.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="78" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgf8k2IXHHKKcUTDLvM1Pq66GoiWK61D6xlMWYjAA_qqoQ-f7a1uiN0garB78e5F1_rEVG1daboAL9v9_bNUrLDOzc1jvfx3Tu-EDvH7m6eLHMMYbAKkfuyWHbC7N08qEnkP2vfMITQcec/s320/karakter_esc.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-no-proof: yes;"></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 85.05pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -28.35pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">b.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Tipe <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Compound</i>/Tipe campuran.</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 106.35pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.0pt; mso-list: l0 level4 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -21.3pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Array.
</span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Array adalah sebuah data yang
mengandung satu atau lebih data, dan dapat diindek berdasarkan numerik maupun
string. Pada php tipe masing-masing data variable array tidak harus sama dan
variable array juga bisa menyimpan suatu variable array didalamnya. Array dapat
dibuat dengan menggunakan fungsi array() atau list().</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Sintak dari fungsi array() :</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: blue; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">$a = array( 1 => 'one', 2 => 'two', 3
=> 'three' );</span><span lang="IN" style="color: blue; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Contoh
:</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: blue; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">$list[10] = "22992000"; </span><span lang="IN" style="color: blue; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: blue; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">// data index 10 akan bernilai
"22992307"</span><span lang="IN" style="color: blue; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Yang perlu diingat besar dari array dapat berubah saat
run time. Contoh penggunaannya :</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: blue; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">$list[10] = "22992200"; // nilai
data berindex 10 = "22992200"</span><span lang="IN" style="color: blue; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: blue; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">$list[] = "22992307"; // nilai
data berindex 11 = "22992307"</span><span lang="IN" style="color: blue; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Array multidimensi :</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="NO-BOK" style="color: blue; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: NO-BOK; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">$matrik[3][3] = 12; // elemen baris 3
kolom 3 = 12</span><span lang="IN" style="color: blue; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="NO-BOK" style="color: blue; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: NO-BOK; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">$matrik[3][4] = 11; // elemen baris 3
kolom 4 = 11</span><span lang="IN" style="color: blue; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">untuk membaca isi suatu array secara iterative dapat
digunakan </span><span style="color: blue; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">fungsi foreach();</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 85.05pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.0pt; mso-list: l0 level4 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Object.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="IN" style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">PHP mendukung
pemrograman berorientasi-objek (OOP). OOP menawarkan perbaikan desain
modular, menyederhanakan debugging dan juga pemeliharaan. Class merupakan
bagian dari desain berorientasi-objek. Sebuah class adalah satu definisi dari
sebuah struktur yang berisi properti (variabel) dan metoda (fungsi). Cobalah
anda buat script berikut:</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="IN" style="color: blue; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><?
</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">class<span style="color: blue;"> </span><span style="color: red;">memasak_air</span><span style="color: blue;">{</span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="IN" style="color: blue; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"> function
</span><span lang="IN" style="color: red; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">memasak()</span><span lang="IN" style="color: blue; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">{</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 170.1pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="IN" style="color: black; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN; mso-themecolor: text1;">return</span><span lang="IN" style="color: blue; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"> </span><span lang="IN" style="color: red; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">"Sediakan
peralatan memasak, tuangkan air ke dalam panci kemudian rebuslah air hingga
mendidih."</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">;<span style="color: blue;"></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 141.75pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="IN" style="color: blue; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">}</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="IN" style="color: blue; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">}</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">$obj<span style="color: blue;">=new </span><span style="color: red;">memasak_air</span><span style="color: blue;">;</span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="IN" style="color: green; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">echo</span><span lang="IN" style="color: blue; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"> </span><span lang="IN" style="color: red; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">"Cara memasak air
adalah</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">&nbsp<span style="color: red;">;"</span><span style="color: blue;">.</span><span style="color: black; mso-themecolor: text1;">$obj-></span><span style="color: red;">memasak()</span><span style="color: blue;">; </span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="IN" style="color: blue; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">?></span><span lang="IN" style="color: #e06666; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 85.05pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -28.35pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">c.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Tipe
Special/khusus.</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 85.05pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.0pt; mso-list: l0 level4 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Resource.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="IN" style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Resource boleh dikatakan
sebagai pendeklarasian koneksi database. Perhatikan script berikut :</span><span lang="IN" style="color: #e06666; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">
<span lang="IN" style="color: red; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><? </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="IN" style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN; mso-themecolor: text1;">$sql</span><span lang="IN" style="color: blue; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"> = mysql_query("SELECT * FROM admin
WHERE un_admin='$us'") ;</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">
<span lang="IN" style="color: blue; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">$b =
mysql_fetch_array($sql);</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; text-indent: .5in;">
<span lang="IN" style="color: blue; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">if($b==0){
</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 2.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">
<span lang="IN" style="color: red; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">?></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 2.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">
<span lang="IN" style="color: blue; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><script
language="javascript">alert('Gagal menyimpan sandi baru, cobalah
kembali!'); document.location='admin.php?action=sandi_baru'</script></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 2.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">
<span lang="IN" style="color: red; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><?</span><span lang="IN" style="color: blue; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"> } </span><span lang="IN" style="color: red; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">?></span><span lang="IN" style="color: blue; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 85.05pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.0pt; mso-list: l0 level4 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Null.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="IN" style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Tipe data null merepresentasikan sebuah variabel yang tidak mempunyai nilai
apapun. Contoh :</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="IN" style="color: red; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><?
</span><span lang="IN" style="color: red; font-family: "Courier New"; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;">
<span lang="IN" style="color: black; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN; mso-themecolor: text1;">$kosong=</span><span lang="IN" style="color: blue; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">NULL</span><span lang="IN" style="color: black; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN; mso-themecolor: text1;">;</span><span lang="IN" style="color: black; font-family: "Courier New"; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN; mso-themecolor: text1;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="IN" style="color: red; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">?></span><span lang="IN" style="color: red; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 85.05pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.0pt; mso-list: l0 level4 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Juggling.</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<i><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Tipe juggling</span></i><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> kemungkinan
tidak dimiliki oleh bahasa pemrograman lain. Pemakaian <i>tipe juggling</i>
dapat memudahkan <i>programmer</i>, tetapi bisa juga membahayakan jika tidak
berhati-hati dalam penggunaannya, karena nilai yang dihasilkan tidak sesuai
dengan yang diharapkan.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">
<span lang="IN" style="color: red; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><?php </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">
<span style="color: dimgrey;"># $foo adalah string</span> </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">
<span style="color: saddlebrown;">$foo</span> = <span style="color: teal;">"0"</span>; </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">
</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">
<span style="color: dimgrey;"># $foo sekarang menjadi Integer karena
ditambah 2</span> </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">
<span style="color: saddlebrown;">$foo</span> += <span style="color: maroon;">2</span>;
</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">
</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">
<span style="color: dimgrey;"># $foo sekarang menjadi Float/Real</span> </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">
<span style="color: saddlebrown;">$foo</span> = <span style="color: saddlebrown;">$foo</span>
+ <span style="color: maroon;">1.3</span>; </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">
</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">
<span style="color: dimgrey;"># $foo menjadi integer (15)</span> </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">
<span style="color: saddlebrown;">$foo</span> = <span style="color: maroon;">5</span>
+ <span style="color: teal;">"10 dan sedikit string"</span>; </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">
</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">
<span style="color: dimgrey;"># $foo menjadi string "510 dengan
String"</span> </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">
<span style="color: saddlebrown;"> $foo</span> = <span style="color: maroon;">5</span>
. <span style="color: teal;">"10 dengan String"</span>; </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">
</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">
<span style="color: dimgrey;"># $foo menjadi Array("ini Array")</span> </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">
<span style="color: saddlebrown;">$foo</span>[<span style="color: maroon;">0</span>]
= <span style="color: teal;">"ini Array"</span>; </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">
<span lang="IN" style="color: red; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">?> </span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 106.35pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.0pt; mso-list: l0 level4 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -21.3pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">4)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Casting.
Tipe <i>casting</i> bekerja seperti <i>bahasa C</i>, yaitu mengkonversi tipe
data. Penggunaan tipe <i>casting</i> adalah dengan memberikan tanda kurung buka
dan kurung tutup terhadap tipe yang diinginkan dan diletakkan sebelum nama
variabel yang akan dikonversikan.</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 106.3pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="IN" style="color: red; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"><?php</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"><br />
$foo = 10; <span style="color: #f79646; mso-themecolor: accent6;">// $foo adalah
integer</span></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 106.3pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">$bar = (<span style="color: blue;">boolean</span>)
$foo; <span style="color: #f79646; mso-themecolor: accent6;">// $bar adalah boolean</span></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 106.35pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="IN" style="color: red; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">?></span><span lang="IN" style="color: red; font-family: "Courier New";"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 106.35pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Adapun CAST yang diperbolehkan dalam
PHP antara lain:</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-left: 142.35pt; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo4; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in 142.35pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">(int), (integer) - <i>cast</i> ke <i>integer</i></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-left: 142.35pt; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo4; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in 142.35pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">(bool), (boolean) - <i>cast</i> ke <i>boolean</i></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-left: 142.35pt; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo4; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in 142.35pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">(float), (double), (real) - <i>cast</i> ke <i>float</i></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-left: 142.35pt; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo4; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in 142.35pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">(string) - <i>cast</i> ke <i>string</i></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-left: 142.35pt; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo4; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in 142.35pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">(array) - <i>cast</i> ke <i>array</i></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-left: 142.35pt; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo4; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in 142.35pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">(object) - <i>cast</i> ke <i>object</i></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 106.35pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Tab dan spasi masih bisa digunakan
dalam tipe data perubahnya.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 106.35pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Contoh penggunaan CAST:</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 5.0pt; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">
<span lang="IN" style="color: red; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><?php</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><br />
<span style="color: blue;">$foo</span> = 10; <span style="color: #f79646; mso-themecolor: accent6;">// $foo adalah integer</span><br />
<span style="color: blue;">$str</span> = "$foo"; <span style="color: #f79646; mso-themecolor: accent6;">// $foo adalah string</span><br />
<span style="color: blue;">$fst</span> = (<span style="color: red;">string</span>) <span style="color: blue;">$foo</span>; <span style="color: #f79646; mso-themecolor: accent6;">//
$fst juga string<br />
// === perbandingan identik,<br />
// bernilai benar jika nilai dan tipenya sama.</span><br />
if (<span style="color: blue;">$fst</span> == <span style="color: blue;">$str</span>)
{<br />
<span style="color: green;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>echo</span>
"Keduanya sama";<br />
<span style="color: #f79646; mso-themecolor: accent6;">// Hasil cetaknya adalah
"Keduanya sama"</span><br />
}<br />
<span style="color: red;">?></span><br />
<br />
<span style="color: red;"><?php</span><br />
<span style="color: blue;">$foo</span> = 10; <span style="color: #f79646; mso-themecolor: accent6;">// $foo adalah integer</span><br />
<span style="color: blue;">$bar</span> = (float) $foo; <span style="color: #f79646; mso-themecolor: accent6;">// type data variable $bar menjadi</span> <span style="color: blue;">float</span><br />
<span style="color: green;">echo</span> $bar;<br />
<br />
<span style="color: blue;">$var</span> = 'ciao';<br />
<span style="color: blue;">$arr</span> = (<span style="color: red;">array</span>) <span style="color: blue;">$var</span>;<br />
<span style="color: green;">echo</span> <span style="color: blue;">$arr</span>[0]; <span style="color: #f79646; mso-themecolor: accent6;">// Keluarannya adalah 'ciao'</span><br />
<span style="color: red;">?></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 56.7pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.0pt; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -28.35pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Variabel</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-left: 56.7pt; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Variabel di PHP diawali dengan tanda
dollar ($) diikuti dengan nama variabel. Nama variabel adalah case-sensitive,
artinya huruf besar dan huruf kecil adalah berbeda. Contoh :</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 56.7pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><html></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 56.7pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><body></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 56.7pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="color: blue; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><?php</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 56.7pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="color: blue; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">$teks</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">=<span style="color: red;">"Hello
World"</span>;</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 56.7pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="color: green; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">echo</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"> <span style="color: blue;">$teks</span>;
<span style="color: #ff9900;">//Hasilnya Hello World</span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 56.7pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="color: blue; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">?></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 56.7pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"></body></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 56.7pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"></html></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-left: 56.7pt; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Untuk menggabungkan dua variabel
atau lebih gunakan operator titik (.) atau langsung ditulis diantara tanda
kutip, contoh :</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 56.7pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="color: blue; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><?php</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 56.7pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="color: blue; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">$txt1</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"> = <span style="color: red;">"Hello
World"</span>;</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 56.7pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="color: blue; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">$txt2</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"> = <span style="color: red;">"1234"</span>;</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 56.7pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="color: blue; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">$nama</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"> = <span style="color: red;">"Desrizal"</span>;</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 56.7pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="color: green; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">echo</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"> <span style="color: blue;">$txt1</span>.<span style="color: red;">"-"</span>.<span style="color: blue;">$txt2</span>
;<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="color: #ff9900;">//Hasilnya
Hello World-1234</span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 56.7pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="color: green; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">echo</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"> <span style="color: red;">"Nama
saya : $nama"</span>;<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="color: #ff9900;">//hasilnya Nama saya : Desrizal</span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 56.7pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="color: blue; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">?></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 56.7pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.0pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; mso-outline-level: 3; text-indent: -28.35pt;">
<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=6297901946487315682" name="operator"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 13.5pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">4.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 13.5pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Operator</span></a><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 13.5pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 85.05pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.0pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; mso-outline-level: 4; text-indent: -28.35pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">a.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Operator Aritmatika</span></div>
<table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoNormalTable" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: none; margin-left: 87.3pt; mso-border-alt: outset #111111 .75pt; mso-padding-alt: 2.25pt 2.25pt 2.25pt 2.25pt; mso-yfti-tbllook: 1184; width: 458px;">
<tbody>
<tr style="mso-yfti-firstrow: yes; mso-yfti-irow: 0;">
<td style="background: #C2D699; border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: 2.25pt 2.25pt 2.25pt 2.25pt; width: 56.7pt;" width="76"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Operator</span></b><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background: #C2D699; border-left: none; border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: 2.25pt 2.25pt 2.25pt 2.25pt; width: 177.2pt;" width="236"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Deskripsi</span></b><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background: #C2D699; border-left: none; border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: 2.25pt 2.25pt 2.25pt 2.25pt; width: 59.25pt;" width="79"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Contoh</span></b><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background: #C2D699; border-left: none; border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: 2.25pt 2.25pt 2.25pt 2.25pt; width: 50.25pt;" width="67"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Hasil</span></b><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 1;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: 2.25pt 2.25pt 2.25pt 2.25pt; width: 56.7pt;" width="76"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">+</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: inset #111111 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: inset #111111 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: 2.25pt 2.25pt 2.25pt 2.25pt; width: 177.2pt;" width="236"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Penambahan</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: inset #111111 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: inset #111111 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: 2.25pt 2.25pt 2.25pt 2.25pt; width: 59.25pt;" width="79"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">3 + 4</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: inset #111111 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: inset #111111 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: 2.25pt 2.25pt 2.25pt 2.25pt; width: 50.25pt;" width="67"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">7</span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 2;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: 2.25pt 2.25pt 2.25pt 2.25pt; width: 56.7pt;" width="76"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">-</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: inset #111111 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: inset #111111 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: 2.25pt 2.25pt 2.25pt 2.25pt; width: 177.2pt;" width="236"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Pengurangan</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: inset #111111 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: inset #111111 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: 2.25pt 2.25pt 2.25pt 2.25pt; width: 59.25pt;" width="79"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">12 - 6</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: inset #111111 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: inset #111111 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: 2.25pt 2.25pt 2.25pt 2.25pt; width: 50.25pt;" width="67"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">6</span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 3;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: 2.25pt 2.25pt 2.25pt 2.25pt; width: 56.7pt;" width="76"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">*</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: inset #111111 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: inset #111111 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: 2.25pt 2.25pt 2.25pt 2.25pt; width: 177.2pt;" width="236"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Pengalian</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: inset #111111 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: inset #111111 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: 2.25pt 2.25pt 2.25pt 2.25pt; width: 59.25pt;" width="79"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">3 * 3</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: inset #111111 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: inset #111111 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: 2.25pt 2.25pt 2.25pt 2.25pt; width: 50.25pt;" width="67"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">9</span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 4;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: 2.25pt 2.25pt 2.25pt 2.25pt; width: 56.7pt;" width="76"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">/</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: inset #111111 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: inset #111111 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: 2.25pt 2.25pt 2.25pt 2.25pt; width: 177.2pt;" width="236"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Pembagian</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: inset #111111 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: inset #111111 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: 2.25pt 2.25pt 2.25pt 2.25pt; width: 59.25pt;" width="79"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">4 / 2</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: inset #111111 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: inset #111111 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: 2.25pt 2.25pt 2.25pt 2.25pt; width: 50.25pt;" width="67"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">2</span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 5;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: 2.25pt 2.25pt 2.25pt 2.25pt; width: 56.7pt;" valign="top" width="76"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">%</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: inset #111111 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: inset #111111 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: 2.25pt 2.25pt 2.25pt 2.25pt; width: 177.2pt;" valign="top" width="236"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Modulus
(sisa hasil pembagian)</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: inset #111111 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: inset #111111 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: 2.25pt 2.25pt 2.25pt 2.25pt; width: 59.25pt;" valign="top" width="79"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">5 % 2<br />
10 % 8<br />
10 % 2</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: inset #111111 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: inset #111111 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: 2.25pt 2.25pt 2.25pt 2.25pt; width: 50.25pt;" valign="top" width="67"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">1<br />
2<br />
0</span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 6;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: 2.25pt 2.25pt 2.25pt 2.25pt; width: 56.7pt;" valign="top" width="76"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">++</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: inset #111111 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: inset #111111 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: 2.25pt 2.25pt 2.25pt 2.25pt; width: 177.2pt;" valign="top" width="236"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Penambahan
satu satu</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: inset #111111 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: inset #111111 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: 2.25pt 2.25pt 2.25pt 2.25pt; width: 59.25pt;" valign="top" width="79"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">x = 6<br />
x++</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: inset #111111 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: inset #111111 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: 2.25pt 2.25pt 2.25pt 2.25pt; width: 50.25pt;" valign="top" width="67"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">x = 7</span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 7; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: 2.25pt 2.25pt 2.25pt 2.25pt; width: 56.7pt;" valign="top" width="76"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">--</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: inset #111111 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: inset #111111 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: 2.25pt 2.25pt 2.25pt 2.25pt; width: 177.2pt;" valign="top" width="236"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Pengurangan
satu satu</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: inset #111111 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: inset #111111 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: 2.25pt 2.25pt 2.25pt 2.25pt; width: 59.25pt;" valign="top" width="79"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">x = 9<br />
x--</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: inset #111111 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: inset #111111 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: 2.25pt 2.25pt 2.25pt 2.25pt; width: 50.25pt;" valign="top" width="67"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">x = 8</span></div>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 85.05pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Contoh :</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 85.05pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">
<span lang="IN" style="color: red; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><?php</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="color: blue; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">$x</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"> = 10;</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="color: blue; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">$y</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"> = 4;</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="color: blue; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">$a</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"> = <span style="color: blue;">$x</span> + <span style="color: blue;">$y</span>;</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="color: green; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">echo</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"> <span style="color: blue;">$a</span>.<span style="color: red;">"<br>"</span>;<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="color: #ff9900;">//hasilnya
14</span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="color: blue; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">$b</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"> = <span style="color: blue;">$x</span> - <span style="color: blue;">$y</span>;</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="color: green; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">echo</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"> <span style="color: blue;">$b</span>.<span style="color: red;">"<br>"</span>;<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="color: #ff9900;">//hasilnya
6</span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="color: blue; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">$c</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"> = <span style="color: blue;">$x</span> * <span style="color: blue;">$y</span>;</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="color: green; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">echo</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"> <span style="color: blue;">$c</span>.<span style="color: red;">"<br>"</span>;<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="color: #ff9900;">//hasilnya
40</span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="color: blue; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">$d</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"> = <span style="color: blue;">$x</span> / <span style="color: blue;">$y</span>;</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="color: green; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">echo</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"> <span style="color: blue;">$d</span>.<span style="color: red;">"<br>"</span>;<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="color: #ff9900;">//hasilnya
2.5</span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="color: blue; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">$e</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"> = <span style="color: blue;">$x</span> % <span style="color: blue;">$y</span>;</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="color: green; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">echo</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"> <span style="color: blue;">$e</span>.<span style="color: red;">"<br>"</span>;<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="color: #ff9900;">//hasilnya
2</span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 85.05pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="color: red; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">?></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: normal; margin-left: 85.05pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-outline-level: 4; text-indent: -28.35pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">b.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Operator Pembanding</span></div>
<table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoNormalTable" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: none; margin-left: 87.3pt; mso-border-alt: outset #111111 .75pt; mso-padding-alt: 2.25pt 2.25pt 2.25pt 2.25pt; mso-yfti-tbllook: 1184; width: 438px;">
<tbody>
<tr style="mso-yfti-firstrow: yes; mso-yfti-irow: 0;">
<td style="background: #C2D699; border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: 2.25pt 2.25pt 2.25pt 2.25pt; width: 125.2pt;" width="167"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Operator</span></b><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background: #C2D699; border-left: none; border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: 2.25pt 2.25pt 2.25pt 2.25pt; width: 203.1pt;" width="271"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Deskripsi</span></b><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 1;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: 2.25pt 2.25pt 2.25pt 2.25pt; width: 125.2pt;" width="167"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">==</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: inset #111111 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: inset #111111 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: 2.25pt 2.25pt 2.25pt 2.25pt; width: 203.1pt;" width="271"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Sama
dengan</span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 2;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: 2.25pt 2.25pt 2.25pt 2.25pt; width: 125.2pt;" width="167"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">!=</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: inset #111111 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: inset #111111 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: 2.25pt 2.25pt 2.25pt 2.25pt; width: 203.1pt;" width="271"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Tidak sama
dengan</span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 3;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: 2.25pt 2.25pt 2.25pt 2.25pt; width: 125.2pt;" width="167"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">> </span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: inset #111111 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: inset #111111 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: 2.25pt 2.25pt 2.25pt 2.25pt; width: 203.1pt;" width="271"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Lebih
besar dari</span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 4;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: 2.25pt 2.25pt 2.25pt 2.25pt; width: 125.2pt;" width="167"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">< </span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: inset #111111 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: inset #111111 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: 2.25pt 2.25pt 2.25pt 2.25pt; width: 203.1pt;" width="271"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Lebih
kecil dari</span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 5;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: 2.25pt 2.25pt 2.25pt 2.25pt; width: 125.2pt;" width="167"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">>=</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: inset #111111 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: inset #111111 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: 2.25pt 2.25pt 2.25pt 2.25pt; width: 203.1pt;" width="271"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Lebih
besar sama dengan</span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 6; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: 2.25pt 2.25pt 2.25pt 2.25pt; width: 125.2pt;" width="167"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><=</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: inset #111111 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: inset #111111 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: 2.25pt 2.25pt 2.25pt 2.25pt; width: 203.1pt;" width="271"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Lebih
kecil sama dengan</span></div>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-left: 85.05pt; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Contoh :</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 85.05pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="color: red; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><?php</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 85.05pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="color: blue; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">$x</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"> = 10;</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 85.05pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="color: green; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">if</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">(<span style="color: blue;">$x</span> > 10){</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 85.05pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span><span style="color: green;">echo</span> <span style="color: red;">"X
lebih besar dari 10"</span>;</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 85.05pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">}<span style="color: green;">else if</span>(<span style="color: blue;">$x</span> == 10){</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 85.05pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span><span style="color: green;">echo</span> <span style="color: red;">"X
sama dengan 10"</span>;</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 85.05pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">}<span style="color: green;">else if</span>(<span style="color: blue;">$x</span> < 10){</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 85.05pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span><span style="color: green;">echo</span> <span style="color: red;">"X
kecil dari 10"</span>;</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 85.05pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">}</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 85.05pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="color: #ff9900; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">//Hasil X sama dengan
10</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 85.05pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="color: red; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">?></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: normal; margin-left: 85.05pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-outline-level: 4; text-indent: -27.75pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">c.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Operator Logikal</span></div>
<table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoNormalTable" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: none; margin-left: 87.3pt; mso-border-alt: outset #111111 .75pt; mso-padding-alt: 2.25pt 2.25pt 2.25pt 2.25pt; mso-yfti-tbllook: 1184; width: 362px;">
<tbody>
<tr style="mso-yfti-firstrow: yes; mso-yfti-irow: 0;">
<td style="background: #C2D699; border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: 2.25pt 2.25pt 2.25pt 2.25pt; width: 92.25pt;" width="123"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Operator</span></b><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background: #C2D699; border-left: none; border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: 2.25pt 2.25pt 2.25pt 2.25pt; width: 179.25pt;" width="239"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Deskripsi</span></b><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 1;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: 2.25pt 2.25pt 2.25pt 2.25pt; width: 92.25pt;" valign="top" width="123"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">&&</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: inset #111111 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: inset #111111 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: 2.25pt 2.25pt 2.25pt 2.25pt; width: 179.25pt;" valign="top" width="239"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Dan</span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 2;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: 2.25pt 2.25pt 2.25pt 2.25pt; width: 92.25pt;" valign="top" width="123"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">||</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: inset #111111 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: inset #111111 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: 2.25pt 2.25pt 2.25pt 2.25pt; width: 179.25pt;" valign="top" width="239"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Atau</span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 3; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: 2.25pt 2.25pt 2.25pt 2.25pt; width: 92.25pt;" valign="top" width="123"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">!</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: inset #111111 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: inset #111111 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: 2.25pt 2.25pt 2.25pt 2.25pt; width: 179.25pt;" valign="top" width="239"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Bukan</span></div>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 85.05pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.0pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Contoh : </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 85.05pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="color: red; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><?php</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 85.05pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="color: blue; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">$x</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"> = 10;</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 85.05pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="color: blue; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">$y</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"> = 5;</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 85.05pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="color: green; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">if</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">(<span style="color: blue;">$x</span> > 8 && <span style="color: blue;">$y</span> < 6){</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 85.05pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span><span style="color: green;">echo</span> <span style="color: red;">"TRUE"</span>;</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 85.05pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">}<span style="color: green;">else</span>{</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 85.05pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span><span style="color: green;">echo</span> <span style="color: red;">"FALSE"</span>;</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 85.05pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">}</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 85.05pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="color: #ff9900; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">//Hasilnya TRUE</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 85.05pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="color: red; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">?></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 56.7pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.0pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; mso-outline-level: 3; text-indent: -28.35pt;">
<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=6297901946487315682" name="kondisional"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">5.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><b><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Kondisional </span></b></a><b><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 56.7pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.0pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Kondisional berguna untuk mengecek suatu kondisi dan
melakukan suatu kode jika kondisi tersebut benar atau salah.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 56.7pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.0pt; mso-outline-level: 4;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">a.<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span><b>if.</b></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 56.7pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.0pt; text-indent: 15.3pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Sintaks :</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.0pt; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">if(kondisi){</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.0pt; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>kode yang dijalankan jika benar</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.0pt; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">}</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 56.7pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.0pt; text-indent: 15.3pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Contoh :</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.0pt; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="color: blue; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><?php</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="color: blue; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">$x</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"> = 10;</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="color: green; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">if</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">(<span style="color: blue;">$x</span> == 10){</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span><span style="color: green;">echo</span> <span style="color: red;">"Hai
Apa kabar"</span>;</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">}</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.0pt; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="color: blue; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">?></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 56.7pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.0pt; mso-outline-level: 4;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">b.<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span><b>if - else </b></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.0pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Sintaks :</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.0pt; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">if(kondisi){</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.0pt; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>kode yang dijalankan jika benar</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.0pt; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">}else{</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.0pt; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>kode yang dijalankan jika salah</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.0pt; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">}</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 56.7pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.0pt; text-indent: 15.3pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Contoh :</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.0pt; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="color: red; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><?php</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="color: blue; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">$x</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"> = 5;</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="color: green; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">if</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">(<span style="color: blue;">$x</span> == 10){</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span><span style="color: green;">echo</span> <span style="color: red;">"Hai
Apa kabar"</span>;</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">}<span style="color: green;">else</span>{</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span><span style="color: green;">echo</span> <span style="color: red;">"X
tidak sama dengan 10"</span>;</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">}</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.0pt; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="color: red; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">?></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 56.7pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.0pt; mso-outline-level: 4;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">c.<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span><b>if - else if - else</b></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 56.7pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.0pt; text-indent: 15.3pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Jika anda membutuhkan kondisi yang
banyak</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.0pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Sintaks :</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.0pt; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">if(kondisi 1){</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.0pt; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>kode yang dijalankan jika kondisi 1 benar</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.0pt; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">}else if(kondisi 2){</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.0pt; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>kode yang dijalankan jika kondisi 2 benar</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.0pt; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">}else if(kondisi 3){</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.0pt; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>kode yang dijalankan jika kondisi 3 benar</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.0pt; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">}else{</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.0pt; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>kode jika salah satu kondisi di atas tidak ada yang benar</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.0pt; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">}</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.0pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Contoh :</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.0pt; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="color: red; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><?php</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="color: blue; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">$nilai</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"> = 80;</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="color: green; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">if</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">(<span style="color: blue;">$nilai</span> >= 85){</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span><span style="color: green;">echo</span> <span style="color: red;">"A"</span>;</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">}<span style="color: green;">else if</span>(<span style="color: blue;">$nilai</span> >= 70 && <span style="color: blue;">$nilai</span>
< 85){</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>echo <span style="color: red;">"B"</span>;</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">}<span style="color: green;">else if</span>(<span style="color: blue;">$nilai</span> >= 60 && <span style="color: blue;">$nilai</span>
< 70){</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span><span style="color: green;">echo</span> <span style="color: red;">"C"</span>;</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">}<span style="color: green;">else</span>{</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span><span style="color: green;">echo</span> <span style="color: red;">"D"</span>;</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">}</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.0pt; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="color: red; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">?></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 56.7pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.0pt; mso-outline-level: 4;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">d.<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span><b>switch</b></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.0pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Sama seperti if - else if - else, berguna jika
membutuhkan kondisi yang banyak</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.0pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Sintaks :</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.0pt; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">switch(ekspresi){</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.0pt; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>case kondisi1 :</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.0pt; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>kode yang dijalankan jika kondisi1
benar;</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.0pt; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>break;</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.0pt; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>case kondisi2 :</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.0pt; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>kode yang dijalankan jika kondisi2
benar;</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.0pt; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>break;</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.0pt; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>case kondisi3 :</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.0pt; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>kode yang dijalankan jika kondisi3
benar;</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.0pt; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>break;</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.0pt; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">}</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.0pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Contoh :</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.0pt; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="color: red; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><?php</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="color: blue; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">$buah</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"> = <span style="color: red;">"mangga"</span>;</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="color: green; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">switch</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"> (<span style="color: blue;">$buah</span>)
{</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span><span style="color: green;">case</span> <span style="color: red;">"apple"</span>:</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="color: green;">echo</span> <span style="color: red;">"buahnya adalah apple"</span>;</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="color: green;">break</span>;</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span><span style="color: green;">case</span> <span style="color: red;">"mangga"</span>:</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="color: green;">echo</span> <span style="color: red;">"buahnya adalah mangga"</span>;</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="color: green;">break</span>;</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span><span style="color: green;">case</span> <span style="color: red;">"jambu"</span>:</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="color: green;">echo</span> <span style="color: red;">"buahnya adalah jambu"</span>;</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="color: green;">break</span>;</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">}</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.0pt; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="color: red; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">?></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 56.7pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.0pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; mso-outline-level: 3; text-indent: -28.35pt;">
<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=6297901946487315682" name="looping"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">6.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><b><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Looping (Pengulangan) di PHP</span></b></a><b><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 56.7pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.0pt; mso-outline-level: 4;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">a.<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span><b>for</b></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.0pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Berguna untuk pengulangan yang sudah ditentukan
terlebih dahulu awalnya berapa, dijalankan sampai kondisi bagaimana.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.0pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Sintaks :</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.0pt; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">for(awal; kondisi; penambahan){</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.0pt; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>kode untuk dijalankan</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.0pt; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">}</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.0pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Contoh :</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.0pt; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="color: blue; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><?php</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="color: green; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">for</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"> (<span style="color: blue;">$i</span> = 1; <span style="color: blue;">$i</span> <= 10; <span style="color: blue;">$i</span>++) {</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span><span style="color: green;">echo</span> <span style="color: blue;">$i</span>.<span style="color: red;">"<br>"</span>;</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">}</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.0pt; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="color: blue; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">?></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 56.7pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.0pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">b.<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span><b>while</b></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.0pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Berguna untuk menjalankan suatu kode terus menerus
selama kondisi bernilai TRUE</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.0pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Sintaks :</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.0pt; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">while(kondisi){</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.0pt; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>kode untuk dijalankan;</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.0pt; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">}</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.0pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Contoh :</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.0pt; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="color: blue; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><?php</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="color: blue; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">$i</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">=1;</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="color: green; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">while</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">(<span style="color: blue;">$i</span><=5)</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">{</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 56.7pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="color: green; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>echo</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"> <span style="color: red;">"Nomor : "</span> .
<span style="color: blue;">$i</span> . <span style="color: red;">"<br
/>"</span>;</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="color: blue; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>$i</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">++;</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">}</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.0pt; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="color: blue; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">?></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 56.7pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.0pt; mso-outline-level: 4;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">c.<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span><b>foreach</b></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.0pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Perulangan untuk array yang mempunyai nilai</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.0pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Sintaks :</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.0pt; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">foreach (array as $value){</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.0pt; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>statement</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.0pt; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">}</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.0pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">atau </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.0pt; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">foreach (array as $key =>
$value){</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.0pt; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>statement</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.0pt; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">}</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.0pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Contoh :</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.0pt; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="color: blue; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><?php</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="color: blue; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">$arr</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"> = <span style="color: green;">array</span>(<span style="color: red;">"satu"</span>, <span style="color: red;">"dua"</span>,
<span style="color: red;">"tiga"</span>);</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="color: green; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">foreach</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">(<span style="color: blue;">$arr</span>
<span style="color: green;">as</span> <span style="color: blue;">$key</span> => <span style="color: blue;">$value</span>) {</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span><span style="color: green;">echo</span> <span style="color: red;">"Key:
$key; Value: $value<br />\n"</span>;</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">}</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.0pt; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="color: blue; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">?></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 56.7pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 56.7pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.0pt; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -28.35pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">7.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Konstanta</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 56.7pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Konstanta adalah suatu tetapan nilai
dalam program. Konstanta tidak dapat dirubah nilai sewaktu program dijalankan,
kalau hal itu dilakukan akan menyebabkan error. Untuk mendefinisikan konstanta
digunakan :<br />
define (NamaPengenal, nilai_konstanta); </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 56.7pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 56.7pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Contoh :</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 56.7pt; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in;">
<span lang="IN" style="color: red; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><?php</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><br />
<span style="color: #f79646; mso-themecolor: accent6;">// konstanta Judul=”Hitung
Luas Lingkaran”</span><br />
<span style="color: blue;">define</span> (“Judul”, “Hitung Luas Lingkaran”);<br />
<span style="color: #f79646; mso-themecolor: accent6;">// konstanta PHI=3.14<br />
</span><span style="color: blue;">define</span> (“PHI”, 3.14);<br />
<span style="color: green;">echo</span> Judul;<br />
$r=10;<br />
<span style="color: green;">echo</span> <span style="color: red;">“<BR>Jari-jari
: $r<BR>\n”</span>;<br />
<span style="color: blue;">$luas</span>=PHI * $r * $r;<br />
<span style="color: green;">echo</span> <span style="color: red;">“Luas Lingkaran =
$luas”</span><span style="color: black; mso-themecolor: text1;">;</span><br />
<span style="color: red;">?></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 56.7pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 56.7pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.0pt; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -28.35pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">8.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Ekspresi</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 56.7pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Ekspresi
adalah sesuatu yang menghasilkan nilai dan kebanyakan berupa penyamaan
pemrograman.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 56.7pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Contoh :</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 56.7pt; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in;">
<span lang="IN" style="color: red; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><?php</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><br />
<span style="color: blue;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>function coba
()</span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in;">
<span lang="IN" style="color: blue; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>{</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in;">
<span lang="IN" style="color: blue; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Return 5;</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in;">
<span lang="IN" style="color: blue; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>}</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in;">
<span lang="IN" style="color: red; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">?></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 56.7pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.0pt; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -28.35pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">9.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Struktur Kontrol</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 56.7pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Script
PHP dibangun oleh serangkaian pernyataan. Pernyataan tersebut bisa berupa
pemberi nilai (assignment), pemanggil fungsi, perulangan (loop), pernyataan
kondisi, atau apapun, termasuk pernyataan kosong. Pernyataan-pernyataan
tersebut diatur alur kerjanya dengan struktur kontrol. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 56.7pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Contoh
struktur kontrol seperti : if, if...else, if...elseif...else, operasi kondisi
ternary, struktur kontrol alternatif, while, do...while, for, foreach, break,
continue, switch, require, include, require_once, include_once.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 56.7pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 56.7pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.0pt; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -28.35pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">10.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Fungsi</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 56.7pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Fungsi
adalah sekumpulan baris program yang terdiri atas serangkaian perintah program
disusun sedemikian rupa sehingga bisa menjadi satu modul saja. </span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 56.7pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.0pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">a.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Fungsi
Buatan Sendiri</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 70.9pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Dalam
PHP programmer diberi kebebasan untuk membuat fungsi sendiri kalau memang
dirasa perlu untuk membuatnya. Nama fungsi yang benar diawalai dengan huruf
atau garis bawah (underscores), kemudian diikuti dengan angka huruf, huruf atau
garis bawah.</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 56.7pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.0pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">b.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Fungsi
Built In PHP</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 70.9pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">PHP
menyediakan banyak sekali fungsi-fungsi built in yang siap digunakan. Beberapa
contoh fungsi built in PHP seperti : fungsi array, fungsi character, fungsi
tanggal dan waktu, fungsi file, fungsi ekspresi regular, fungsi GeoIP, fungsi
image, fungsi email, fungsi matematika, fungsi MySQL, fungsi string, fungsi url,
fungsi penanganan variable.</span></div>
<br />
<br />
<br />
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PUSTAKA</span></b></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Buku Pintar
Pemrograman PHP, 2008, Dodit Suprianto, S.Kom, OASE Media.</span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.5pt; mso-bidi-font-style: italic; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Panduan Menguasai
PHP dan MySQL secara Otodidak, 2010, Anhar, ST. Mediakita.</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"> </span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">3. PHP? Siapa takut, </span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-bidi-font-style: italic; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">Copyright
© 2003-2006, </span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">Ivan Irawan, </span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-bidi-font-style: italic; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">Komunitas
eLearning IlmuKomputer.Com</span></div>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Revision"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="34" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="List Paragraph"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="29" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="30" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="19" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Subtle Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="21" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="31" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Subtle Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="32" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="33" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Book Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="37" Name="Bibliography"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" QFormat="true" Name="TOC Heading"/>
</w:LatentStyles>
</xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 10]>
<style>
/* Style Definitions */
table.MsoNormalTable
{mso-style-name:"Table Normal";
mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0;
mso-tstyle-colband-size:0;
mso-style-noshow:yes;
mso-style-priority:99;
mso-style-qformat:yes;
mso-style-parent:"";
mso-padding-alt:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;
mso-para-margin-top:0in;
mso-para-margin-right:0in;
mso-para-margin-bottom:10.0pt;
mso-para-margin-left:0in;
line-height:115%;
mso-pagination:widow-orphan;
font-size:11.0pt;
font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;
mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;
mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;
mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;
mso-ansi-language:IN;}
</style>
<![endif]-->benhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08280500851980226983noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6297901946487315682.post-51669518750941770282013-03-27T00:56:00.001-07:002013-03-27T01:00:12.067-07:00Tugas Multimedia Ganti Background1. Menyediakan Gambar utama :<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg5B8E7LbNqqGtBe7FGMbJpI_Mg7sbA39cYbdBcMjssG3Rl8YuO8u2R15rFCWA3fVA7J5k6E0sfrwB-NvQZ40OBR3WP3bU-FUVh1TU5FSjSeumz7lYQq4odnlTv3hyOUr6LEdIzWgFZX6o/s1600/foto_utama.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg5B8E7LbNqqGtBe7FGMbJpI_Mg7sbA39cYbdBcMjssG3Rl8YuO8u2R15rFCWA3fVA7J5k6E0sfrwB-NvQZ40OBR3WP3bU-FUVh1TU5FSjSeumz7lYQq4odnlTv3hyOUr6LEdIzWgFZX6o/s1600/foto_utama.jpg" height="320" width="320" /></a></div>
(sebelum)<br />
<br />
2. Mencari background pertama :<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjj_lfOpTIT8ylYHzltZ55SnksfQkQoN0hohVlx8Klb05lakYmhDeMP1NhJrDhvsa7Gd3vWrO83KtNbxp28-kQSFLuVdo8yS-6PQlAnwyAsw17jA2ynMZYSJt84ofqact3kOueCjA73BUk/s1600/background1.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjj_lfOpTIT8ylYHzltZ55SnksfQkQoN0hohVlx8Klb05lakYmhDeMP1NhJrDhvsa7Gd3vWrO83KtNbxp28-kQSFLuVdo8yS-6PQlAnwyAsw17jA2ynMZYSJt84ofqact3kOueCjA73BUk/s1600/background1.jpg" height="159" width="320" /></a></div>
<br />
3. Mencari background kedua :<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjKcuDUq2jy8JATYVjf7gRYyUE97Z9GCgmLQEHJR2x_ey3RT3FmiDVltPvHoxomFi0JFZxHixBFkQaOUJ-03PP4pBArvDQeyMdDkdmtVopZfdWgLCH4mmdv6yg9UE6EWTlOHRHBU5zxflQ/s1600/background2.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjKcuDUq2jy8JATYVjf7gRYyUE97Z9GCgmLQEHJR2x_ey3RT3FmiDVltPvHoxomFi0JFZxHixBFkQaOUJ-03PP4pBArvDQeyMdDkdmtVopZfdWgLCH4mmdv6yg9UE6EWTlOHRHBU5zxflQ/s1600/background2.jpg" height="240" width="320" /></a></div>
<br />
4. Edit gambar menggunakan Photoshop CS 5, sehingga menjadi seperti berikut :<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhsnmZIFzjWeRVBhJvzrK-QiC_8dRXcZ1eld2GxPf8ucxVIvuthCqAMPqIr_WPT2q7uKWFT_5DFt56S0jfjQUFpJSq1osXUBOAYSx37tqr_kLsQcDUyAzEWZzhm_gyQ2gBnNZk9o5qhb1M/s1600/benny_prayogo.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhsnmZIFzjWeRVBhJvzrK-QiC_8dRXcZ1eld2GxPf8ucxVIvuthCqAMPqIr_WPT2q7uKWFT_5DFt56S0jfjQUFpJSq1osXUBOAYSx37tqr_kLsQcDUyAzEWZzhm_gyQ2gBnNZk9o5qhb1M/s1600/benny_prayogo.jpg" height="146" width="320" /></a></div>
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
(sesudah)<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />benhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08280500851980226983noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6297901946487315682.post-29417055065274191892013-03-24T20:39:00.002-07:002013-03-26T20:27:54.339-07:00Cara praktis mengubah tampilan blogUntuk keperluan <a href="http://tutorial-bloggerbugis.blogspot.com/2013/03/cara-praktis-mengubah-tampilan-blog.html" target="">mempercantik blog</a>, <b>cara praktis mengubah tampilan blog</b>
menjadi alternatif paling baik untuk menghemat waktu. Mengubah tampilan
blog untuk mempercantik tampilan dengan mengedit kode HTML dan
menambahkan widget menarik sebagai penghias halaman blog biasanya butuh
waktu lumayan lama yang bisa berakibat update artikel jadi macet.<br />
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
</div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
</div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhEbTWGd70TeBqlaKlKpqm6UTsl18HAt87dGE31YU5vyc69vw0L0rRR1IuErIRVc2v4o7arc9_yngrwVvGPDBsBw-dovQEMgTGtKVtRuRft51dGWcdHqtzAQsbUPKxnykOyXJhDNEQE0xs/s1600/cara_mempercantik_tampilan_blog_blogger.PNG" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="cara mempercantik tampilan blogger" border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhEbTWGd70TeBqlaKlKpqm6UTsl18HAt87dGE31YU5vyc69vw0L0rRR1IuErIRVc2v4o7arc9_yngrwVvGPDBsBw-dovQEMgTGtKVtRuRft51dGWcdHqtzAQsbUPKxnykOyXJhDNEQE0xs/s320/cara_mempercantik_tampilan_blog_blogger.PNG" height="264" title="cara mempercantik tampilan blogger" width="320" /></a></div>
<h2>
</h2>
<h2>
<a name='more'></a></h2>
<h2>
Cara praktis mengubah tampilan blog</h2>
Mempercantik blog hampir menjadi kewajiban blogger. Blog yang
tampilannya menarik akan membuat pengunjung senang berlama lama di blog,
begitu juga sebaliknya.Untuk mempercantik blog dengan mengubah
tampilannya hanya ada 2 cara :<br />
<ol>
<li>Mengedit kode HTML dan menambahkan widget menarik, dan</li>
<li>Mengganti template.</li>
</ol>
<br />
Saya tidak memberi judul Cara Mengganti Template Blog biar judulnya
lebih menarik. Anda yang sudah terbiasa mengganti template mungkin
tertarik dengan judulnya lalu membuka artikel ini <img alt="cara mempercantik blog" border="0" src="http://us.i1.yimg.com/us.yimg.com/i/mesg/emoticons7/4.gif" height="18" rel="nofollow" style="border: 0px; margin-bottom: -4px; padding: 0px;" width="18" />. Untuk itu, saya sarankan baca saja artikel lain di blog ini karena artikel ini hanya membahas cara mengganti template.<br />
<h3>
Cara Mengganti template blog</h3>
Template adalah gabungan kode css, HTML, dan JavaScript yang
menghasilkan tampilan blog blogger. Mengganti template blog adalah
alternatif terbaik, praktis dan cepat yang akan membuat tampilan blog
menjadi lebih menarik dan dijamin sesuai selera pemilik blog ( belum
tentu sesuai selera pengunjung <img alt="cara mempercantik blog" border="0" src="http://us.i1.yimg.com/us.yimg.com/i/mesg/emoticons7/4.gif" height="18" rel="nofollow" style="border: 0px; margin-bottom: -4px; padding: 0px;" width="18" /> )<br />
<br />
Untuk mengganti template dengan tujuan mempercantik blog, syarat utama
yaitu punya template menarik. Anda yang sedang serius membaca artikel
ini saya jamin tidak punya template, betul kan ??? <img alt="cara mempercantik blog" border="0" src="http://us.i1.yimg.com/us.yimg.com/i/mesg/emoticons7/4.gif" height="18" rel="nofollow" style="border: 0px; margin-bottom: -4px; padding: 0px;" width="18" />
Donwori mbak mas neng om kek mas bro... anda akan memiliki banyak
template menarik sampai anda bosan mengganti template hanya dengan
membaca artikel ini, teruslah membaca !!!<br />
<br />
<h4>
Beli atau download gratis template menarik</h4>
Jika punya banyak uang, memiliki template cantik dan menarik tidak jadi masalah. Kalau tidak punya cukup uang, sama saja <img alt="cara mempercantik blog" border="0" src="http://us.i1.yimg.com/us.yimg.com/i/mesg/emoticons7/4.gif" height="18" rel="nofollow" style="border: 0px; margin-bottom: -4px; padding: 0px;" width="18" />
memiliki template cantik yang super menarik tidak jadi masalah, soalnya
kita bisa download template gratis yang tidak kalah menarik
dibandingkan template premium.<br />
<br />
<h4>
Download template gratis</h4>
Banyak situs yang menyediakan puluhan bahkan ratusan template menarik.
Kita tinggal memilih template yang disukai sesuai platform blog, lalu
langsung sedot masuk ke hardisk komputer. Beberapa situs tempat
mendownload template gratis diantaranya :<br />
<ul>
<li><span style="color: blue;">www.blogtemplate4u</span></li>
<span style="color: blue;">
</span>
<li><span style="color: blue;">www.btemplate.com</span></li>
<span style="color: blue;">
</span>
<li><span style="color: blue;">www.freecsstemplates.org</span></li>
<span style="color: blue;">
</span>
<li><span style="color: blue;">www.templateworld.com</span></li>
<span style="color: blue;">
</span>
<li><span style="color: blue;">www.freewebsitetemplates.com</span></li>
<span style="color: blue;">
</span>
<li><span style="color: blue;">www.templatemonster.com</span></li>
</ul>
Untuk mendownload template gratis, buka salah satu situs di atas, pilih
platform blog ( blogger atau wordpress ), lalu download tampilan
template yang disukai. Setelah mendownload templatenya, tinggal masukkan
tema template ke blog. Untuk blogger, panduan selengkapnya tentang cara
memasukkan template ke blog bisa anda baca di artikel "<a href="http://tutorial-bloggerbugis.blogspot.com/2013/03/cara-edit-blogger-untuk-mempercantik.html" target="_blank">Cara mengedit tampilan blog</a>". ( Baca pada bagian Cara Backup dan Download Template ).<br />
<br />
Demikian <b>tutorial cara praktis mengubah tampilan blog</b>. <a href="http://tutorial-bloggerbugis.blogspot.com/">Tutorial blogger</a> lainnya akan saya tulis di artikel berikutnya. Keep blogging, salam blogger...
benhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08280500851980226983noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6297901946487315682.post-41347277629390442082013-03-24T20:17:00.005-07:002013-03-26T20:28:42.591-07:00Cara Menulis Artikel di Blogger BlogspotHal kedua yang sebaiknya diketahui setelah <a href="http://tutorial-bloggerbugis.blogspot.com/2013/03/cara-membuat-blog-gratis-di-blogspot.html" target="_blank">membuat blog di blogger</a> adalah <b>cara menulis artikel di blog</b> dan hal pertama adalah <a href="http://tutorial-bloggerbugis.blogspot.com/2013/03/cara-mengatur-menu-setelan-blogspot.html" target="_blank">cara mengatur menu setelan blog</a>.
Cara menulis artikel di blog khususnya blogger blogspot sangat perlu
dipahami seorang blogger agar tulisan bisa maksimal dan pembaca merasa
puas. Beberapa hal lain sehubungan cara menulis artikel di blogger.com
juga perlu diketahui agar artikel bisa tampil di halaman depan hasil
pencarian.<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="http://www.bloggerbugis.com/2012/04/cara-menulis-artikel-di-blog.html" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="cara membuat blog, cara menambahkan widget blog, cara mengedit template blogspot, cara mempercantik tampilan blogs, panduan kerja online gratis, dan informasi seputar dunia internet" border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhZokOOhqVO0WlbhUTZQHK5dbfJzEH7TWYc2mkuisPty87kFCnqVAoUVXI0TLfh7-xO3EE0vMQRsM5nps4THqDDbx_iDVo5utkJK3dWK6VOFFfEYvO0t41PgCbVjRkysWXw7sGOkiZb5s3r/s1600/cara-menulis-artikel-di-blog+%25282%2529.jpg" title="cara menulis artikel di blogger" /> </a></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
</div>
<a name='more'></a><br />
<h2>
Mengenal Post Editor Blogger.com</h2>
Sebelum mulai menulis artikel, bagian bagian dari post editor
blogger.com harus diketahui. Beberapa bagian bisa saja dibiarkan standar
sesuai pengaturan blogger.com. Beberapa bagian post editor blogger yang
dimaksud adalah :<br />
<ul>
<li>Kotak Entri</li>
<li>Kotak Penulisan Artikel, dan</li>
<li>Setelan Entri.</li>
</ul>
<h3>
Cara menulis artikel di blogger</h3>
Berikut panduan lengkap cara menulis artikel di blog serta penjelasan
masing masing bagian. Untuk masuk ke post editor blogger, klik new post (
gambar pensil ) yang ada di dasbor blog<br />
<br />
Halaman penulisan artikel terbagi 5 bagian. Penjelasan masing - masing bagian kurang lebih seperti ini :<br />
<br />
<span style="color: red;">1.a</span> Kotak Entri / Judul Artikel. Ketik
judul artikel yang anda inginkan pada kotak tersebut. Misalnya : Cara
menulis artikel di blogspot.<br />
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhWTugL8-KL1WdXkjb8fwHRd2pPyImGztS9bgjZnbvrURsRW-HCCg_u2bhJTG-ri6xt-n3NVtKhFMVGv3340T6pIlcavDLgYiosZa_bOwGt-cozWuSvb9-q8TZ22DrhMdD9aElv93mO9Og/s1600/cara-menulis-artikel-di-blog.PNG" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhWTugL8-KL1WdXkjb8fwHRd2pPyImGztS9bgjZnbvrURsRW-HCCg_u2bhJTG-ri6xt-n3NVtKhFMVGv3340T6pIlcavDLgYiosZa_bOwGt-cozWuSvb9-q8TZ22DrhMdD9aElv93mO9Og/s400/cara-menulis-artikel-di-blog.PNG" height="45" width="400" /></a></div>
<span style="color: red;">1.b<span style="color: black;"> </span></span><span style="color: red;"><span style="color: black;">Tombol "Publikasikan", "Simpan", "Pratinjau", dan "tutup".</span> </span><br />
<ul>
<li><span style="color: red;">Publikasikan </span><b>:</b> Berfungsi
untuk menerbitkan atau mempublikasikan artikel yang telah selesai
ditulis. Dalam bahasa yang lebih mudah, tombol ini berfungsi untuk
memasukkan artikel kedalam blog dan menampilkannya di internet.</li>
<li><span style="color: red;">Simpan </span><b>: </b>Berfungsi untuk
menyimpan artikel di konsep. Kadang untuk menulis artikel, kita
membutuhkan waktu beberapa jam. Karena ada keperluan tapi artikel belum
selesai di ketik, gunakan tombol ini untuk menyimpan artikel yang telah
di ketik sebelumnya agar bisa melanjutkan menulis artikelnya di lain
waktu.</li>
</ul>
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
<span style="color: red;">Catatan :</span><br />
Tools ini bekerja otomatis setiap beberapa menit<i>. </i>Anda juga bisa menggunakannya secara manual sebelum keluar dari post editor blogspot yang artikelnya belum diposting.</blockquote>
<ul>
<li><span style="color: red;">Pratinjau </span><b>:</b> Berfungsi untuk melihat tampilan artikel di blog setelah dipublikasikan</li>
<li><span style="color: red;">Tutup </span><b>: </b>Berfungsi untuk menutup halaman "Post Editor" blogspot dan akan di arahkan ke halaman "All Post" ( <span style="color: #444444;">Termasuk artikel yang ada di konsep</span> ) </li>
</ul>
<span style="color: red;">2.</span> Tools untuk mengedit tulisan di artikel.<br />
Terlalu banyak tools disini, karena itu saya akan bagi bagian nomor 3 ini menjadi beberapa bagian agar penjelasan "<i>Cara menulis artikel di blogspot</i>" ini lebih mudah dimengerti.<br />
<h4>
Bagian Pertama, Mode penulisan.</h4>
Tombol Compose, HTML, Panah ke kiri dan kanan, Huruf F miring, 2 Huruf T dan kotak dengan tulisan normal.<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://www.bloggerbugis.com/2012/04/cara-menulis-artikel-di-blog.html" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="cara menulis artikel, menulis artikel yang baik, langkah - langkah menulis artikel, teknik menulis artikel, cara menulis artikel yang baik dan benar, cara menulis artikel di blogger, post editor blogspot, panduan menulis artikel yang baik dan benar di blogspot" border="0" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-qoPJzDEMbrQ/T3h2ftEO2cI/AAAAAAAABa8/xeInxwvMgGo/s400/cara-menulis-artikel-di-blog%2520%25286%2529.PNG" height="56" title="Klik untuk memperbesar gambar cara menulis artikel di blogspot | www.bloggerbugis.com" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>Gambar 1. Cara menulis artikel di blog</i></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<ul>
<li><span style="color: red;">Tombol Compose dan HTML</span><b> :</b>
Disebut juga dengan mode Compose dan Mode HTML. Secara default, saat
masuk ke post editor blog, anda akan berada pada mode Compose. Gunakan
mode compose untuk menulis artikel atau tulisan biasa. Gunakan mode HTML
untuk mengedit kode HTML artikel, misalnya menambahkan tag ALT pada
gambar, memasukkan text area ke dalam artikel, membuat kotak, dll yang
membutuhkan pengeditan kode HTML.</li>
<li><span style="color: red;">Gambar panah ke kiri dan kanan :</span>
Berfungsi untuk kembali dan maju atau undo dan redo. Fungsinya sama
dengan yang ada di ms word, corel photoshop, dan program lain yang
umumnya ada di komputer.</li>
<li><span style="color: red;">Huruf "F" miring : </span>Berfungsi untuk
mengatur jenis huruf. Cara menggunakannya : highlight tulisan yang ingin
di ganti jenis hurufnya lalu gunakan tools tersebut. <i><b>Note :</b></i> <i><span style="color: red;">Klik, tahan, lalu seret mouse di dekat tulisan untuk highlight tulisan di artikel</span></i></li>
<li><span style="color: red;">2 Huruf T besar :</span><b> </b>Berfungsi
untuk mengatur besar huruf dia artikel. Template blog telah mengatur
besar jenis huruf artikel, jika ingin membuat kata atau kalimat dengan
huruf yang lebih besar atau kecil, gunakan tools ini. Cara
menggunakannya sama dengan cara mengganti jenis huruf. </li>
<li> <span style="color: red;">Kotak putih dengan tulisan "Normal" :</span><b> </b>Cara menggunakannya sama dengan cara mengganti huruf. Gunakan "<span style="color: red;">normal</span>" untuk tulisan biasa.</li>
</ul>
<h4>
Bagian kedua, Pengaturan teks</h4>
Huruf "B<b>", </b>"<i>I</i>", "<u>U</u>", dan <strike>ABC</strike>. Cara menggunakan tools ini sama dengan cara mengganti jenis huruf tulisan. Fungsi masing masing tools :<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://www.bloggerbugis.com/2012/04/cara-menulis-artikel-di-blog.html" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="cara menulis artikel, menulis artikel yang baik, langkah - langkah menulis artikel, teknik menulis artikel, cara menulis artikel yang baik dan benar, cara menulis artikel di blogger, post editor blogspot, panduan menulis artikel yang baik dan benar di blogspot" border="0" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-T2ByUCKnxD4/T3h2cvGiaTI/AAAAAAAABaU/ssyXVYm0A9Q/s320/cara-menulis-artikel-di-blog+%25281%2529.PNG" height="120" title="Klik untuk memperbesar gambar cara menulis artikel di blogspot | www.bloggerbugis.com" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>Gambar 2. Cara menulis artikel di blog</i></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<ul>
<li><span style="color: red;">B :</span> Untuk membuat huruf BOLD ( Huruf tebal )</li>
<li><span style="color: red;"><i>I</i> :</span> Untuk membuat tulisan miring</li>
<li><span style="color: red;"><u>U</u> :</span> Untuk membuat huruf dengan garis bawah </li>
<li><span style="color: red;"><strike>ABC</strike> :</span> Untuk membuat coretan pada tulisan.</li>
</ul>
<h4>
Bagian ketiga, menghias teks tulisan.</h4>
Huruf <span style="color: red;">A</span> besar dan gambar pensil patah, eh sorry, gambar kaki, bukan, gambar pipa, <img alt="cara menulis artikel, menulis artikel yang baik, langkah - langkah menulis artikel, teknik menulis artikel, cara menulis artikel yang baik dan benar, cara menulis artikel di blogger, post editor blogspot, panduan menulis artikel yang baik dan benar di blogspot" border="0" src="http://us.i1.yimg.com/us.yimg.com/i/mesg/emoticons7/4.gif" height="18" style="margin-bottom: -7px;" title="" width="18" /> sepertinya masih salah. Saya juga tidak tahu itu gambar apa. Lihat saja gambar di bawah ini : <br />
<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://www.bloggerbugis.com/2012/04/cara-menulis-artikel-di-blog.html" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="cara menulis artikel, menulis artikel yang baik, langkah - langkah menulis artikel, teknik menulis artikel, cara menulis artikel yang baik dan benar, cara menulis artikel di blogger, post editor blogspot, panduan menulis artikel yang baik dan benar di blogspot" border="0" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-wb1ViazfcH8/T3h2cjg-uSI/AAAAAAAABaQ/ie2FlemncBw/s320/cara-menulis-artikel-di-blog+%25282%2529.PNG" height="131" title="Klik untuk memperbesar gambar cara menulis artikel di blogspot | www.bloggerbugis.com" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>Gambar 3. Cara menulis artikel di blog</i></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<ul>
<li><span style="color: red;">Huruf A besar :</span> berfungsi untuk memberi warna pada tulisan ( Huruf, Kata atau Kalimat )</li>
<li><span style="color: red;">Gambar tidak tidak tahu namanya</span><b> <img alt="cara menulis artikel, menulis artikel yang baik, langkah - langkah menulis artikel, teknik menulis artikel, cara menulis artikel yang baik dan benar, cara menulis artikel di blogger, post editor blogspot, panduan menulis artikel yang baik dan benar di blogspot" border="0" src="http://us.i1.yimg.com/us.yimg.com/i/mesg/emoticons7/16.gif" height="18" style="margin-bottom: -7px;" title="" width="18" />:</b> Berfungsi untuk memberikan background ( Latar belakang<i> </i>) warna pada tulisan. Cara menggunakan kedua tools ini sama dengan cara mengganti jenis huruf.</li>
</ul>
<h4>
Bagian ke empat, import elemen.</h4>
Tulisan Link, Gambar Pemandangan, Palang Hitam, dan Kertas Robek.<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://www.bloggerbugis.com/2012/04/cara-menulis-artikel-di-blog.html" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="cara menulis artikel, menulis artikel yang baik, langkah - langkah menulis artikel, teknik menulis artikel, cara menulis artikel yang baik dan benar, cara menulis artikel di blogger, post editor blogspot, panduan menulis artikel yang baik dan benar di blogspot" border="0" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-_qs8xhDXAtg/T3h2dxeEDKI/AAAAAAAABag/_CORi712tCQ/s320/cara-menulis-artikel-di-blog+%25283%2529.PNG" height="112" title="Klik untuk memperbesar gambar cara menulis artikel di blogspot | www.bloggerbugis.com" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>Gambar 4. Cara menulis artikel di blog</i></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<ul>
<li><span style="color: red;">Tulisan link :</span> Berfungsi untuk
memberi link pada kata atau kalimat di artikel. Cara menggunakannya :
highlight tulisan yang ingin di beri link, lalu klik tools tersebut.
Pada kotak Popoup window yang muncul, masukkan url tujuan link pada
kotak "<span style="color: red;">Web Address</span>" lalu klik "<span style="color: red;">OK</span>".</li>
<li><span style="color: red;">Gambar pemandangan :</span> Berfungsi
untuk memasukkan gambar ke dalam artikel. Cara menggunakannya : Klik
tools tersebut, saat muncul kotak dialog, pilih sumber gambar anda lalu
klik tombol "Add Selected". Penjelasan lengkap bagian ini akan saya
bahas di artikel khusus.</li>
<li>Palang Hitam.<b> </b>Saya menyebutnya seperti itu karena saya juga
tidak tahu itu gambar apa. Sepertinya lebih mirip dengan yang dipakai
tim pembuat film action <img alt="cara menulis artikel, menulis artikel yang baik, langkah - langkah menulis artikel, teknik menulis artikel, cara menulis artikel yang baik dan benar, cara menulis artikel di blogger, post editor blogspot, panduan menulis artikel yang baik dan benar di blogspot" border="0" src="http://us.i1.yimg.com/us.yimg.com/i/mesg/emoticons7/16.gif" height="18" style="margin-bottom: -7px;" title="" width="18" /> <img alt="cara menulis artikel, menulis artikel yang baik, langkah - langkah menulis artikel, teknik menulis artikel, cara menulis artikel yang baik dan benar, cara menulis artikel di blogger, post editor blogspot, panduan menulis artikel yang baik dan benar di blogspot" border="0" src="http://us.i1.yimg.com/us.yimg.com/i/mesg/emoticons7/4.gif" height="18" style="margin-bottom: -7px;" title="" width="18" /> . Fungsinya untuk memasukkan Video ke dalam artikel. Cara menggunakannya sama dengan cara memasukkan gambar ke dalam artikel.</li>
<li><span style="color: red;">Kertas Robek.</span> Berfungsi untuk
memotong artikel agar artikel yang tampil di homepage ( beranda /
halaman depan blog ) tidak terlalu panjang. Sangat jarang blogger yang
menggunakan tools ini. Kebanyakan menggunakan "<span style="color: red;">Read More</span>"
otomatis agar tampilan home page blog lebih rapih dan lebih menarik.
Contohnya bisa anda lihat di halaman depan blog ini dengan mengklik menu
"<span style="color: red;">Home</span>" di bagian atas blog ini ( <span style="color: #444444;">selama Read More dan Menu Horisontal tempat "Home" duduk santai belum di ganti dengan widget yang lain</span> ).</li>
</ul>
<h4>
Bagian ke lima, Perataan dan bulleting</h4>
Tulisan kecil rata kiri, Tulisan 123 berjejer kebawah, 3 lingkaran berjejer ke bawah, gambar 2 cangkul patah<b> </b>dan abc checklist<b><br /></b><br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://www.bloggerbugis.com/2012/04/cara-menulis-artikel-di-blog.html" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="cara menulis artikel, menulis artikel yang baik, langkah - langkah menulis artikel, teknik menulis artikel, cara menulis artikel yang baik dan benar, cara menulis artikel di blogger, post editor blogspot, panduan menulis artikel yang baik dan benar di blogspot" border="0" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-yDmg4gajnXQ/T3iLZUYd8cI/AAAAAAAABb0/7maV-pUpu_c/s320/cara-menulis-artikel-di-blog+%25287%2529.PNG" height="77" title="Klik untuk memperbesar gambar cara menulis artikel di blogspot | www.bloggerbugis.com" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>Gambar 5. Cara menulis artikel di blog</i></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<ul>
<li>Tulisan kecil rata kiri ( Alignment ) :<b> </b>Berfungsi untuk mengatur perataan huruf. Cara menggunkannya sama dengan cara mengganti huruf</li>
<li>Tulisan 123 berjejer ke bawah ( Numbered List ) : Berfungsi untuk memberikan penomoran pada tulisan.</li>
<li>3 Lingkaran berjejer ke bawah ( Bullet List ) :<b> </b>Berfungsi untuk memberikan bullet ( icon kecil di depan kalimat ).</li>
<li>Gambar Cangkul patah ( Quote ) : Berfungsi untuk memberikan quote / blockquote pada kalimat yang kita inginkan.</li>
<li>Huruf T dengan silang Merah :<b> </b>berfungsi untuk menghapus format tulisan, misalnya menghilangkan bullet pada kalimat.</li>
<li>Huruf ABC dengan Tanda checklist : Berfungsi untuk melihat spelling tulisan di artikel.</li>
</ul>
<span style="color: red;">4</span>. Gambar 4 adalah kotak untuk menulis
artikel. Untuk menulis artikel lalu menampilkannya di blog, anda harus
menggunakan kotak ini <img alt="cara menulis artikel, menulis artikel yang baik, langkah - langkah menulis artikel, teknik menulis artikel, cara menulis artikel yang baik dan benar, cara menulis artikel di blogger, post editor blogspot, panduan menulis artikel yang baik dan benar di blogspot" border="0" src="http://us.i1.yimg.com/us.yimg.com/i/mesg/emoticons7/4.gif" height="18" style="margin-bottom: -7px;" title="" width="18" />.<br />
<br />
<span style="color: red;">5.</span> Setelan Entri<br />
Setelan Entri berfungsi sebagai menu <strike>makanan</strike> tambahan artikel. Penjelasan masing masing tools di bagian 5 ini adalah sebagai berikut :<br />
<ul>
<li><span style="color: red;">Label </span>: Berfungsi untuk memberi
label pada tulisan. misalnya artikel dengan judul "Cara menulis artikel
di blog" di beri label "dasar blogspot". Sebuah artikel bisa diberi
beberapa label. Misalnya : dasar blogspot, tutrial, blogspot. Jika
menggunakan beberapa label pada 1 tulisan, pisahkan label satu dan yang
lain dengan koma. Cara menggunakannya : klik Tulisan "Label", masukkan
nama label yang di inginkan pada kotak yang tersedia, lalu klik "<span style="color: red;">Simpan</span>".</li>
<li><span style="color: red;">Jadwal</span> : Berfungsi untuk mengatur waktu penerbitan artikel yang di inginkan.</li>
<li><span style="color: red;">Lokasi :</span> Berfungsi untuk menentukan lokasi anda. Cara menggunakannya : Klik tulisan "<span style="color: red;">Lokasi</span>". Masukan nama kota dan negara pada kotak putih lalu klik "<span style="color: red;">Search</span>". Jika kota sudah ditemukan ( Lihat gambar petanya ), klik tombol "<span style="color: red;">Selesai</span>".</li>
<li><span style="color: red;">Tautan Lampiran :</span><b> </b>Befungsi untuk melampirkan Link pada artikel</li>
<li><span style="color: red;">Uraian penelusuran :</span><b> </b>Berfungsi untuk memasukkan deskripsi artikel.</li>
<li><span style="color: red;">Pilihan :</span><b> </b>Berfungsi untuk mengatur komentar artikel, Penafsiran HTML, dan perintah Enter.</li>
</ul>
Bagian 5 ini cukup mudah dimengerti jadi penjelasannya singkat saja.
Kepala sudah mulai pusing dan artikelnya juga sudah terlalu panjang.
Saya ahiri sampai disini <i style="color: #444444;"><strike>hubungan kita</strike></i><br />
<h3>
Penutup</h3>
Akhirnya selesai juga artikel "<b>Cara menulis artikel di blogger blogspot</b>". <a href="http://tutorial-bloggerbugis.blogspot.com/">Tutorial blogger</a>
yang akan saya tulis di artikel berikutnya akan lebih ekstrim, pastikan
anda tidak ketinggalan artikel tutorial blog lain dengan berlanggan
artikel gratis via email atau menjadi fans facebook bloggerbugis atau
follow via twitter dan google plus. Sampai jumpa di artikel
berikutnya...benhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08280500851980226983noreply@blogger.com4tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6297901946487315682.post-4510727201895387202013-03-24T20:10:00.002-07:002013-03-26T20:28:53.704-07:00Cara Mengisi Artikel di Blogger pada Tampilan Antarmuka baru<h2>
</h2>
Belum
lama ini Blogger meluncurkan tampilan antar muka pada seluruh bagian
Dashboard nya. Mulai dari bagian posting artikel, bagian setting, bagian
pengaturan template, bagian komentar, dan lain-lain telah berubah
semua. Jadi bagi kamu yang secara otomatis diarahkan ke tampilan antar
muka yang baru, silahkan simak panduan cara mengisi artikel pada
tampilan antar muka baru di bawah ini ;<br />
1. Berikut ini merupakan
gambar tampilan antar muka baru halaman dashboard blogger. Perhatikan
gambar di bawah ini, beberapa tombol penting masih diikut sertakan,
hanya saja posisinya dirubah sesuai dengan bentuk tampilan baru. Jadi
untuk masuk ke halaman pengisian artikel pada blogspot, silahkan klik
tombol Orange yang ada gambar pensilnya.<br />
<br />
<a name='more'></a><br />
<a href="http://cdn.ridwanaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/04/cara-membuat-blog-tampilan-antara-muka-baru.jpg"><img alt="cara mengisi artikel blogspot tampilan antarmuka baru" class="alignnone" src="http://cdn.ridwanaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/04/cara-membuat-blog-tampilan-antara-muka-baru.jpg" height="387" title="cara mengisi artikel" width="674" /></a><br />
2.
Setelah itu akan tampil halaman posting seperti gambar di bawah ini.
Untuk lebih jelasnya silahkan pahami keterangan pada gambar di bawah
ini.<br />
<a href="http://cdn.ridwanaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/04/cara-membuat-blog-tampilan-antara-muka-baru-2.jpg"><img alt="cara mengisi posting di blogpot baru" class="alignnone" src="http://cdn.ridwanaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/04/cara-membuat-blog-tampilan-antara-muka-baru-2.jpg" height="316" title="gambar cara mengisi posting" width="691" /></a><br />
3.
Masukkan judul artikel, isi artikel, dan labelnya pada kolom yang
telah disediakan. Sehingga hasilnya seperti contoh di bawah ini. Setelah
semua diisi, silahkan klik tombol <span style="color: #ff6600;">publikasikan</span> yang berwarna orange.<br />
<a href="http://cdn.ridwanaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/04/cara-membuat-blog-tampilan-antara-muka-baru-3.jpg"><img alt="contoh isian posting blogspot" class="alignnone" src="http://cdn.ridwanaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/04/cara-membuat-blog-tampilan-antara-muka-baru-3.jpg" height="365" title="gambar contoh isilan posting" width="685" /></a><br />
4.
Setelah kamu klik tombol publikasikan, halaman akan berubah seperti
gambar di bawah ini. Jika muncul seperti gambar di bawah ini, berarti
artikel kamu sudah berhasil di posting atau diterbitkan. Untuk melihat
artikel yang telah diterbitkan silahkan klik tombol Lihat. Sedangkan
tombol Edit berfungsi untuk menge edit atau merubah artikel kamu. Lalu
untuk tombol Hapus berfungsi untuk menghapus artikel.<br />
<a href="http://cdn.ridwanaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/04/cara-membuat-blog-tampilan-antara-muka-baru-4.jpg"><img alt="posting telah berhasil muncul diterbitkan" class="alignnone" src="http://cdn.ridwanaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/04/cara-membuat-blog-tampilan-antara-muka-baru-4.jpg" height="394" title="gambar posting berhasil diterbitkan" width="569" /></a>benhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08280500851980226983noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6297901946487315682.post-22682629860893860692013-03-24T20:07:00.004-07:002013-03-26T20:29:09.253-07:00Cara Membuat Blog di Blogspot – Panduan Bikin Blog Lengkap Mudah Gratis<a href="http://cdn.ridwanaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2008/09/cara-membuat-blog.jpg"><img alt="cara membuat blog" class="alignright size-full wp-image-5075" src="http://cdn.ridwanaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2008/09/cara-membuat-blog.jpg" height="224" title="cara membuat blog" width="225" /></a><br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
Sebelum
membahas mengenai bagaimana cara membuat blog, ada baiknya jika kita
mengerti apa itu definisi atau pengertian blog. Jika ditanya mengenai
pengertian blog, setiap orang pasti mempunyai jawaban yang berbeda,
meskipun jawabannya berbeda, makna dari jawaban mereka pasti tidak jauh
berbeda.<br />
<br />
<br />
<a name='more'></a></div>
<h2>
Definisi Blog</h2>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
Menurut
RidwanAZ.com, blog adalah sebuah situs website yang memungkinkan
penggunanya dapat menuliskan atau memposting berbagai hal sesuai dengan
keinginannya dengan mudah, (tanpa harus memiliki pengetahuan html rumit)
dan dapat dikomentari oleh pengunjungnya. Dengan urutan tulisan
terbalik dimana tulisan terbaru berada di paling atas kemudian diikuti
oleh tulisan lama di belakangnya. Pada awalnya blog hanya berisi sebuah
catatan pribadi atau diari online pemiliknya, namun dewasa ini topik
blog telah berkembang lebih luas sebagai ajang berbagi pengetahuan,
seperti pendidikan, kesehatan, teknologi dan lain-lain. Bahkan blog juga
telah digunakan untuk sebuah perusahaan sebagai media untuk lebih dekat
dengan pelanggan dan mitra bisnisnya. <i>(referensi, wikipedia.com blogger.com)</i></div>
<div style="float: left; margin: 0 10px 10px 0;">
<img src="http://sea.effectivemeasure.net/emnb_81_2000496.gif" height="1" style="position: absolute;" width="1" />
</div>
<h2>
Cara Membuat Blog</h2>
Menurut RidwanAZ.com, ada dua layanan
blogging yang telah diakui kehebatannya oleh para blogger di seluruh
dunia. Yaitu Blogspot (blogger.com; sebuah layanan yang dimiliki oleh
google) dan WordPress.com. Namun karena judul artikel ini adalah cara
membuat blog di blogspot, jadi artikel kali ini akan membahas blogspot
saja. Bagi kamu yang ingin membaca panduan wordpress silahkan baca <a href="http://ridwanaz.com/teknologi/blog/langkah-panduan-cara-membuat-blog-di-wordpress/" target="_blank">di sini</a>.<br />
Untuk selanjutnya silahkan ikuti langkah-langkah cara membuat blog lengkap di berikut ini :<br />
1. Untuk memulai mendaftar blog di blogspot silahkan kunjungi alamat situs <span style="color: #ff6600;">www.blogger.com</span>, setelah itu cari tombol <span style="color: #ff6600;">Sign up</span> (daftar) yang ada di pojok kanan atas, seperti gambar di bawah ini<br />
<a href="http://cdn.ridwanaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/06/cara-membuat-blog-terbaru.jpg"><img alt="cara membuat blog" src="http://cdn.ridwanaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/06/cara-membuat-blog-terbaru.jpg" height="423" title="cara membuat blog" width="439" /></a><br />
2. Setelah tombol sign up diklik, nanti akan muncul aplikasi
pendaftaran pembuatan akun gooogle, seperti gambar di bawah ini.
Silahkan lengkapi aplikasi tersebut. Gambar di bawah ini merupakan
contoh pengisiannya.<br />
Penjelasan pengisian : pada bagian <span style="color: #ff6600;">Name</span>, Isi nama depan dan nama belakang kamu.<br />
Pada <span style="color: #ff6600;">Choose your username</span>,
isi sesuai dengan keinginanmu, username ini nantinya berfungsi sebagai
email login untuk akses ke dashboard blogspot kamu dan bisa juga untuk
login ke Gmail. (jika username tidak tersedia, tambahka angka atau huruf
di belakangnya),<br />
Pada <span style="color: #ff6600;">Create a Password</span>, isi password kamu (gunakan yang mudah diingat), pada <span style="color: #ff6600;">Confirm your password</span> silahkan isi dengan password yang sama dengan password pada kolom pada create a possword tadi.<br />
Pada <span style="color: #ff6600;">birth day</span> isi tanggal lahir kamu. Pada <span style="color: #ff6600;">Phone</span>, isi dengan nomor ponsel kamu, untuk <span style="color: #ff6600;">Curent your email</span>, dikosongkan saja. Pada <span style="color: #ff6600;">type the two pieces of text</span>,
ketikan dua buah teks kode yang ada di atasnya. Selanjutnya beri tanda
centang pada dua kotak kecil di bawahnya, dan yang terakhir Klik pada
tombol <span style="color: #ff6600;">Next step.</span><br />
<a href="http://cdn.ridwanaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/06/cara-membuat-blog-terbaru-2.jpg"><img alt="cara membuat blog" src="http://cdn.ridwanaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/06/cara-membuat-blog-terbaru-2.jpg" height="982" title="cara membuat blog" width="411" /></a><br />
3.
Setelah kamu klik pada tombol next, akan ditampilkan perintah
verifikasi akun, silahkan masukan nomor ponsel kamu. Kemudian klik
tombool Send Verifikation Code. Nanti kamu akan mendapat sms dari google
yang berisi kode aktifasi.<br />
<a href="http://cdn.ridwanaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/06/cara-membuat-blog-terbaru-3.jpg"><img alt="cara membuat blog" src="http://cdn.ridwanaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/06/cara-membuat-blog-terbaru-3.jpg" height="393" title="cara membuat blog" width="557" /></a><br />
4. SMS kode verifikasi dari google ke ponsel kamu akan tampak seperti gambar di bawah ini.<br />
<a href="http://cdn.ridwanaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/06/cara-membuat-blog-terbaru-3a.jpg"><img alt="cara membuat blog" src="http://cdn.ridwanaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/06/cara-membuat-blog-terbaru-3a.jpg" height="384" title="cara membuat blog" width="320" /></a><br />
5. Masukkan kode verikasi sms di atas pada kolom yang tampil, seperti gambar di bawah ini. kemudian klik tombol Verify<br />
<a href="http://cdn.ridwanaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/06/cara-membuat-blog-terbaru-4.jpg"><img alt="cara membuat blog" src="http://cdn.ridwanaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/06/cara-membuat-blog-terbaru-4.jpg" height="273" title="cara membuat blog" width="482" /></a><br />
6. Jika langkah sebelumnya berhasil, kamu akan menjumpai halaman
seperti gambar di bawah ini. Untuk menambahkan foto silahkan klik add
profile photo, jika ingin langsung ke langkah selanjutnya silahkan klik
tombol <span style="color: #ff6600;">Next Step.</span><br />
<a href="http://cdn.ridwanaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/06/cara-membuat-blog-terbaru-5.jpg"><img alt="cara membuat blog" src="http://cdn.ridwanaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/06/cara-membuat-blog-terbaru-5.jpg" height="342" title="cara membuat blog" width="542" /></a><br />
7. Selanjutnya akan tampil halaman seperti gambar di bawah ini. Ini
merupakan tanda bahwa kamu telah memiliki sebuah akun google berupa
alamat email yang bisa digunakan untuk login ke <i>Gmail.com</i> dan <i>blogger.com</i>, selanjutnya silahkan klik tombol <span style="color: #ff6600;">Back to blogger.</span><br />
<a href="http://cdn.ridwanaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/06/cara-membuat-blog-terbaru-7.jpg"><img alt="cara membuat blog" src="http://cdn.ridwanaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/06/cara-membuat-blog-terbaru-7.jpg" height="350" title="cara membuat blog" width="527" /></a><br />
8. Jika melihat halaman seperti gambar di bawah ini abaikan saja , biar lebih cepat dalam membuat blog. SIlahkan klik tombol <span style="color: #ff6600;">lanjutkan ke blogger.</span><br />
<img alt="cara membuat blog" src="http://cdn.ridwanaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/06/cara-membuat-blog-terbaru-8.jpg" height="588" width="416" /><br />
9.
Setelah itu kamu akan masuk ke halaman utama Dashboard blogger. Di
dashboard ini kamu bisa membuat blog, menulis posting, mengatur tema dan
lain-lain. Untuk membuat blog pertama kali klik tombol <span style="color: #ff6600;">Blog Baru</span>.<br />
<img alt="cara membuat blog" src="http://cdn.ridwanaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/06/cara-membuat-blog-terbaru-9.jpg" /><br />
10. Setelah tombol blog baru diklik, akan muncul jendela pembuatan blog. Pada bagian <span style="color: #ff6600;">Judul</span> isi Judul blog kamu, pada bagian <span style="color: #ff6600;">Alamat</span> isi dengana alamat blog yang kamu inginkan. Pada <span style="color: #ff6600;">template</span>, pilih salah satu template yang kamu inginkan. Kemudian klik tombol <span style="color: #ff6600;">buat blog</span><br />
<img alt="cara membuat blog" src="http://cdn.ridwanaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/06/cara-membuat-blog-terbaru-10.jpg" /><br />
11.
Setelah langkah-langkah di atas, blog kamu sudah berhasil di buat.
Untuk menulis posting silahkan klik tombol Pensil, sedangkan untuk
melihat tampilan blog yang masuk kosong (belum ada artikelnya) silahkan
klik tombol lihat blog.<br />
<img alt="cara membuat blog" src="http://cdn.ridwanaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/06/cara-membuat-blog-terbaru-11.jpg" height="106" width="537" /><br />
<br />
<br />
<h2>
Mendaftar Blogger dengan Akun Gmail</h2>
Jika kamu sudah mempunyai alamat <a href="http://ridwanaz.com/teknologi/internet/langkah-cara-membuat-email-di-gmail-google/" target="_blank" title="cara membuat gmail">email di Gmail.com</a>,
kamu tidak perlu mendaftar dari awal… Kamu dapat langsung memasukkan
alamat email gmail dan password kamu, kemudian klik tombol masuk.
Selanjutnya kamu tidak perlu mengisi berbagai macam kolom. Kamu hanya
perlu masukkan Nama Tampilan dan alamat situs.benhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08280500851980226983noreply@blogger.com6tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6297901946487315682.post-75696551396814519492013-03-24T19:34:00.000-07:002013-03-26T20:28:21.586-07:00Pengenalan Linux<div style="text-align: justify;">
<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=6297901946487315682" name="5973970733905098748"></a></div>
<h3 class="post-title entry-title" itemprop="name" style="text-align: justify;">
<img class="rg_i" data-src="https://encrypted-tbn3.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcS-LilFrLfGTQcOVIo642QJ6qcxoQU2DndHUCS5v1XCXYf-QJPp" data-sz="f" name="lqJP-Vv9cpPxNM:" src="https://encrypted-tbn3.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcS-LilFrLfGTQcOVIo642QJ6qcxoQU2DndHUCS5v1XCXYf-QJPp" style="height: 146px; margin-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px; width: 344px;" /> </h3>
<h3 class="post-title entry-title" itemprop="name" style="text-align: justify;">
Apa yang dimaksud dengan LINUX ?<br />
</h3>
<div class="post-header" style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
Linux adalah Operating System seperti UNIX, yang merupakan
implementasi independen dari POSIX, meliputi true-multitasking, virtual
memory, shared libraries, demand-loading, proper memory management, dan multiuser.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
Linux seperti layaknya UNIX, mendukung banyak software mulai dari TEX, X Window, GNU C/C++ sampai ke TCP/IP.<br />
<br />
<a name='more'></a></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
Linux adalah sistem operasi yang disebarkan secara luas dengan gratis di bawah lisensi GNU General Public License (GPL),<br />
yang berarti juga source code Linux tersedia. Itulah yang membuat Linux sangat spesial.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
Linux masih dikembangkan oleh kelompok-kelompok tanpa dibayar, yang banyak dijumpai di Internet, tukar-menukar kode,<br />
melaporkan
bug, dan membenahi segala masalah yang ada. Setiap orang yang tertarik
dipersilahkan untuk bergabung dalam pengembangan Linux.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
Linux
pertama kali dibuat oleh Linus Torvalds di Universitas Helsinki,
Finlandia. Kemudian Linux dikembangkan lagi dengan bantuan dari<br />
banyak programmer dan jagoan UNIX di Internet. Sekarang Linux bisa diperoleh dari distribusi-distribusi yang umum digunakan,<br />
misalnya
RedHat, Debian, Slackware, Caldera, Stampede Linux, TurboLinux dan
lain-lain. Kernel yang digunakan adalah sama-sama Linux,<br />
sedangkan perbedaannya hanyalah paket-paket aplikasi yang disertakan, sistem penyusunan direktori, init style, dll.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
Mana
yang lebih baik? Semua sama baiknya, tergantung selera. Jika
diperdebatkan kelebihan dan kekurangan masing-masing, tidak akan pernah
ada habisnya.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
Linux dulunya adalah proyek hobi yang dikerjakan
oleh Linus Torvalds yang memperoleh inspirasi dari Minix. Minix adalah
sistem UNIX kecil yang<br />
dikembangkan oleh Andy Tanenbaum. Linux versi
0.01 dikerjakan sekitar bulan Agustus 1991. Kemudian pada bulan Oktober
1991 tanggal 5,<br />
Linus mengumumkan versi resmi Linux, yaitu 0.02 yang
hanya dapat menjalankan bash (GNU Bourne Again Shell) dan gcc (GNU C
Compiler).</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
Sekarang Linux adalah sistem UNIX yang lengkap, bisa
digunakan untuk jaringan (networking), pengembangan software, dan bahkan
untuk sehari-hari.<br />
Linux sekarang merupakan alternatif OS yang jauh
lebih murah jika dibandingkan dengan OS komersial, dengan kemampuan
Linux yang setara bahkan lebih.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br />
<img class="rg_i" data-sz="f" height="300" name="Syx68d2JOf7UqM:" src="https://encrypted-tbn2.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcShjpvzrReeTy3EsfHhTXOeIQxvWyKN06HePf2z2dgZqes2pe7X" style="height: 193px; margin-left: 0px; margin-top: -4px; width: 257px;" width="400" /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
·<u><b> Mengapa pakai Linux?</b></u></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<b>Lisensi</b><br />
——–<br />
Linux,
sering juga disebut GNU/Linux, adalah operating sistem yang kompatible
dengan Unix, berisi kernel Linux itu sendiri dan sekumpulan lengkap<br />
alat-alat dan program-program lain, yang kebanyakan di bawah naungan proyek GNU dari Free Software Foundation.<br />
Tampilan grafis atau Graphical User Interface (GUI) disediakan oleh X Window System beserta kumpulan libraries dan alat-alatnya.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
Semua
software ini bisa didapat gratis berdasarkan lisensi GNU General Public
License atau lisensi-lisensi lain yang mirip dengan itu.<br />
Berdasarkan
lisensi ini, siapa pun bisa mendapatkan program baik dalam bentuk
source code (bisa dibaca manusia) mau pun binary (bisa dibaca mesin),<br />
sehingga program tersebut dapat diubah, diadaptasi, mau pun dikembangkan lebih lanjut oleh siapa saja.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
Karena banyak sekali program-program maupun komponen software (biasanya tergabung dalam “paket” yang membentuk sebuah sistem Linux yang lengkap,<br />
dan
kesemuanya itu diurus oleh banyak orang dan organisasi dalam jadwal
yang berbeda-beda, maka beberapa perusahaan dan organisasi mengumpulkan<br />
paket-paket
tersebut menjadi satu distribusi (distro). Tapi tidak itu saja, mereka
juga melakukan tes-tes terhadap software di dalamnya,<br />
mengembangkan
program-program instalasi atau yang memudahkan instalasi, sebagian ada
yang memberikan technical support, dan sebagainya.<br />
Ada distribusi komersial seperti Red Hat, Caldera, SuSE, dan ada juga distribusi yang non-komersial seperti Debian GNU/Linux.<br />
Baik distribusi komersial mau pun non-komersial tersedia tanpa dipungut biaya di internet, dan juga di media seperti<br />
CD-ROM (anda bayar ongkos media plus ongkos kirim tentunya). Perbedaan mendasar antara komersial dan non-komersial<br />
adalah bahwa produk komersial didukung oleh perusahaan yang menyediakan technical support, dan mungkin juga menyediakan beberapa<br />
software komersial lain yang tidak bisa didistribusikan secara gratis. Hal ini tentunya penting di lingkungan bisnis tertentu.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<b>Sejarah</b><br />
——–<br />
Walaupun
Linux bukanlah sistem Unix yang resmi, Linux mempunyai dasar warisan,
budaya, arsitektur dan pengalaman operating sistem Unix selama 28 tahun
lebih.<br />
Sejak munculnya Linux source code (tahun 1991) kernel Linux
telah diteliti (review) dan disempurnakan oleh (minimal) puluhan ribu
programmer<br />
di seluruh dunia. Sebagian besar program-program GNU dan X
Window System telah ada lebih lama dari Linux dan telah diteliti lebih
seksama.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
Source code dari operating system saingan, seperti
Windows 95 dan Windows NT, tidak tersedia untuk umum, sehingga tidak
bisa diteliti oleh khalayak ramai.<br />
Desain dari sistem yang demikian tidak menikmati perkembangan sejarah dari sistem-sistem Unix.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
Pengguna Linux<br />
——————<br />
Linux diperkirakan mempunyai kurang lebih 7.500.000 pengguna, dan angka itu bertambah terus setiap harinya dengan sangat pesat.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
Interaksi dengan OS lain<br />
Linux
bisa berinteraksi dengan operating sistem lain melalui tiga cara:
kompatibilitas file dan filesystem, kompatibilitas network,<br />
dan emulasi (simulasi) operating sistem.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
Linux
bisa menggunakan file-file dari operating sistem lain, dalam artian
bisa membaca dan menulis format file tersebut. Sehingga (hard)disk<br />
maupun
disket-disket dari OS/2, NT, DOS/Windows, Apple Macintosh, Unix, dan
sistem-sistem lain, bisa dibaca (dalam banyak hal juga ditulis)<br />
dengan
mudah oleh Linux. Hampir semua format file standar industri didukung
oleh aplikasi-aplikasi Linux, kecuali beberapa format yang<br />
spesifik vendor atau produk.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
Di
tingkat networking, Linux bisa bekerja sama dengan baik sekali dengan
operating sistem lainnya. Linux mempunyai dukungan TCP/IP yang sangat
bagus,<br />
dan juga mempunyai dukungan SMB untuk Microsoft file sharing
and printing melalui paket Samba, Apple file and printer sharing lewat
netatalk,<br />
dan IPX/SPX (Novell) file sharing lewat paket Mars NWE (dan paket komersial dari Caldera).</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
Dalam
lingkungan campuran Windows/Linux, menggunakan Samba server dan sistem
smbclient, komputer Linux akan tampil di Network Neighborhood dari<br />
sistem
Windows, hampir tidak bisa dibedakan dengan NT. Komputer Linux juga
akan mempunyai akses penuh ke file dan printer yang di-share dari WFWG,<br />
Windows 95, maupun Windows NT.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
sumber: http://lukis.wordpress.com/my-movie/</div>
benhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08280500851980226983noreply@blogger.com0